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아바디모하마드이사 ( Mohammad Ishaq Abady ),황한철 ( Hwang Hancheol ) 한국농공학회 2019 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2019 No.-
This research describes the result of impact evaluation of National Solidarity Program (NSP) through comparative study and cross-national investigation of three rural development programs including Afghanistan’ National Solidarity Program (NSP), Korea’s Saemaul Undong (SMU) and India’s Community Development Program (CDP). The main objectives of the study were to explore the impact of NSP projects, particularly irrigation and transportation sectors’ projects, on households’ income generation, agricultural production and poverty reduction. The study found out that only the SMU and CDP itself could not achieved the increase in agricultural production and households incomes, and there were some complementary strategies such as adoption of green and white revolution, agricultural mechanization, improvement of agricultural higher education, establishment of effective agricultural research institutions for undertaking of agricultural scientific research and extension, establishment of agricultural cooperatives, designing and implementation of land reform policy, improvement of agricultural marketing system and some other effective strategies that applied before and during the SMU and CDP implementation which significantly increased the success chances of these programs. Out of all aforementioned strategies, the appliance of green and white revolution was the fundamental factors that helped these countries to reduce nationwide poverty through increasing agricultural production and household incomes. The comparative study findings indicate that the rural development programs which are not supported by these complementary strategies, will not be successful to achieve increase in agricultural production and households incomes.
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Mohammad Zuber,Khalid Mahmood Zia,Muhammad Ashair Iqbal,Zahida Tariq Cheema,Muhammad Ishaq,Tahir Jamil 한국화학공학회 2015 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.32 No.1
The present research work was performed to study the properties of polyurethanes (PU) based on ali-phatic diisocayanate and the effect of chemical structure of chain extenders. Two series of PUs were synthesized via twosteps polymerization technique. The PU samples constituted on hexamethylene diisocayanate (HDI), hydroxy-termi-nated polybutadiene (HTPB) and blends 1, 4 butanediol (BDO)/bisphenol A (BPA) and or 1, 4 butanediol (BDO)/bisphenol S (BPS) were prepared. Structural characterization was done using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopyduring and after the synthesis. The FTIR analysis confirmed the existence of proposed bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphe-nol S (BPS) based PU structures. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) analysis gives information about the thermaltransition of all the polymer samples. Because of the difference of polarity between hard and soft segments of PU,microphase separation can occur. The degree of phase separation in the prepared PU was confirmed using scanningelectron microscope (SEM) technique. The SEM techniques present a distinctive chance to directly visualize the mor-phology of the polyurethanes.
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The changing political trends in erstwhile FATA: a study of the last three elections
Ahmed Raja Qaiser,Ishaq Mohammad,Shoaib Muhammad 한국외국어대학교 국제지역연구센터 2021 International Area Studies Review Vol.24 No.4
This study investigates the changing political trends in erstwhile Federally Administered Tribal Areas of Pakistan. Analysis of the last three elections (2008, 2013, 2018) shows a substantial change in the region. The tribal structure, local traditions, power arrangement and electoral practices have changed significantly over a decade. The extension of the Political Parties Order to the region and its merger with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa stimulated political activities in the area that increased the political awareness of tribal people. The results of the 2013 and 2018 elections highlight the changes. Electoral activities, women participation and voter turnout increased with every election. Tribal youth joined existing political forums to demand their democratic rights. A significant percentage of the young, educated Pashtuns joined the Pashtun Tahafuz Movement in its demand for improved governance.
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M. Perwaiz Iqbal,Saeed Mahmood,Naseema Mehboobali,Mohammad Ishaq,Tasnim Fatima,Saddiqa Parveen,Philippe Frossard 생화학분자생물학회 2004 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.36 No.2
The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is a strong candidate gene for myocardial infarction (MI). Insertion-deletion dimorphism intron 16 of this gene has ben inconclusively found to be the ACE gene have been identified and among these, a dimorphism in exon 17, ACE G2350A, has a significant effect on plasma ACE concentra-tions. To ases the value of genotyping the ACE G2350A dimorphism in a geneticaly homogeneous population, we caried out a case-control study of dimorphism G2350A for a putative association with MI among Pakistani nationals. We inves-tigated a sample population of 370 Pakistanis, comprising 163 controls, and 207 patients with clinical diagnosis of acute MI (AMI). ACE G2350A merase chain reaction and restriction endonu-clease analysis. Frequencies of G alleles were 0.68 among controls and 0.72 among AMI patients. The ACE G2350A dimorphism showed no significant association with MI (χ2= 0.90, 2 df, P = 0.64), plasma levels of homocysteine (P = 0.52) or with serum levels of folate (P = 0.29). The results indi-cate that ACE G2350A polymorphism is not as-sociated with risk of myocardial infarction in the Pakistani population investigated here.
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Antiproliferative Activity of Lavatera cashmeriana- Protease Inhibitors towards Human Cancer Cells
Rakashanda, Syed,Qazi, Asif Khurshid,Majeed, Rabiya,Rafiq, Shaista,Dar, Ishaq Mohammad,Masood, Akbar,Hamid, Abid,Amin, Shajrul Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.6
Background: Proteases play a regulatory role in a variety of pathologies including cancer, pancreatitis, thromboembolic disorders, viral infections and many others. One of the possible strategies to combat these pathologies seems to be the use of protease inhibitors. LC-pi I, II, III and IV (Lavatera cashmerian-protease inhibitors) have been found in vitro to strongly inhibit trypsin, chymotrypsin and elastase, proteases contributing to tumour invasion and metastasis, indicated possible anticancer effects. The purpose of this study was to check in vitro anticancer activity of these four inhibitors on human lung cancer cell lines. Material and Methods: In order to assess whether these inhibitors induced in vitro cytoxicity, SRB assay was conducted with THP-1 (leukemia), NCIH322 (lung) and Colo205, HCT-116 (colon) lines. Results: LC-pi I significantly inhibited the cell proliferation of all cells tested and also LC-pi II was active in all except HCT-116. Inhibition of cell growth by LC-pi III and IV was negligible. $IC_{50}$ values of LC-pi I and II for NCIH322, were less compared to other cell lines suggesting that lung cancer cells are more inhibited. Conclusion: These investigations might point to future preventive as well as curative solutions using plant protease inhibitors for various cancers, especially in the lung, hence warranting their further investigation.
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