Heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics of solar air heater duct with non-uniform ribs

Inderjeet Singh,Sukhmeet Singh,Sachit Vardhan 대한기계학회 2021 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.35 No.1

This article presents a solar air heater channel artificially made rough with a transverse roughness in square-wave shape, investigated for the enhancement in heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics. Non-uniform profile of the ribs has been used by providing periodic gaps for reduction in eddies behind the rib. The research incorporates relative roughness width from 10-310, relative roughness pitch = 10, relative roughness height = 0.043, and Reynolds number from 3000-15000, respectively. The procedure followed for the CFD investigation has been confirmed with the experimental results. The maximum increment in Nusselt number was 2.22, and the consequent value for the friction factor increment of 3.44 was obtained. The highest THPP value of 1.49 was obtained while maximum thermal efficiency of 68.6 % was achieved. The non-uniform ribs were found better as compared to uniform ribs. The results have been demonstrated using graphical contours and streamlines.

Energy, exergy, environmental and economic (4E) analysis of evacuated tube solar collector with helical coils

Inderjeet Singh,Sachit Vardhan 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.11

In this article, the comprehensive analysis on the energy, exergy, environmental and economic aspects of the modified evacuated solar collector having helical coils (mETC) and unmodified evacuated solar collector has been presented. For the helical coiled solar collector, the daily variation of energy and exergy efficiency and the variation with mass flow rate has been contrasted to conventional evacuated collector under similar conditions. Furthermore, the life cycle cost analysis for mETC has been presented for economic analysis. For the environmental analysis, the energy and fuel savings achieved by the modified mETC solar air heater have been compared with other sources for predicting fuel savings, cost saving and reduction in CO 2 emissions. It was comprehended that the energy and exergy efficiency for mETC is significantly improved over simple ETC solar air heater. Highest exergy efficiency of 5.61 % has been achieved by mETC whereas for simple ETC, the maximum exergy efficiency was obtained as 2.5 %. The average daily and yearly savings in electricity cost was obtained as Rs. 34.21 (0.44 USD) and Rs. 10262 (131.14 USD), respectively, for mETC solar air heater.

Radiation induced synthesis of (gelatin-co-PVA)-g-poly (AAc) copolymer as wound dressing material

Kaur, Inderjeet,Bhati, Pooja,Sharma, Sushma Techno-Press 2014 Advances in materials research Vol.3 No.4

Copolymers of gelatin and poly (vinyl alcohol), (PVA) grafted by acrylic acid (AAc) with excellent water absorption and retention abilities under neutral conditions were successfully synthesized using $^{60}Co$ gamma radiations in presence of ammonium persulphate (APS), as water soluble initiator and sodium bicarbonate ($NaHCO_3$) as foaming agent. The optimum synthesis conditions pertaining to maximum swelling percentage were evaluated as a function of gelatin/PVA ratio, amount of water, concentration of APS, $NaHCO_3$, monomer concentration and total irradiation dose. Maximum percent swelling (1694.59%) of the copolymer, gelatin-co-PVA, was obtained at optimum $[APS]=2.92{\times}10^{-1}mol/L$, $[NaHCO_3]=7.94{\times}10^{-2}mol/L$ and 1.5 mL of water at total dose of 31.104 kGy while in case of grafted copolymer, (gelatin-co-PVA)-g-poly(AAc), maximum percent swelling (560.86%) was obtained using $8.014{\times}10^{-1}mol/L$ of AAc in 9 mL water with 31.104 kGy preirradiation dose. The pristine and grafted copolymers were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron Microscopy (SEM), Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) methods. The copolymers loaded with an antiseptic, Povidone, were used as wound dressing materials for wounded gastrocnemius muscle of mice and the results exhibit that (gelatin-co-PVA)-g-poly (AAc) copolymer is a potent wound dressing material as compared to the copolymer.

Functionalization of polyethylene by graft copolymerization for separation processes

Kaur, Inderjeet,Gupta, Nitika,Kumari, Vandna Techno-Press 2013 Advances in materials research Vol.2 No.1

Incorporation of polar functional moieties into polyethylene (PE) film has been achieved by graft copolymerization of polar monomers such as methacrylic acid (MAAc) and acrylamide (AAm) on to PE film, preirradiated with ${\gamma}$-rays from $^{60}Co$ source, using benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as initiator in aqueous medium. Percentage of grafting of MAAc and AAm was determined as a function of irradiation dose, monomer and initiator concentration, temperature, reaction time and amount of water. Maximum percentage of grafting of MAAc (1453%) and AAm (21.28%) was obtained at [MAAc] = $235.3{\times}10^{-2}$ mol/L, [AAm] = $23.4{\times}10^{-2}$ mol/L, [BPO] = $5.5{\times}10^{-2}$ mol/L and $16.5{\times}10^{-2}$ mol/L at $80^{\circ}C$, $90^{\circ}C$ in 180 min and 90 min respectively. The grafted PE films were characterized by FTIR, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) Scanning Electron Micrography (SEM) and X-ray diffraction methods. Some selective properties of grafted films such as swelling behavior, ion and metal uptake have been carried out. The biodegradation studies of the grafted PE films have also been investigated. The grafted films developed superior swelling behavior with maximum swelling (480%) in water as compared to pristine PE (13.55%), better thermal stability and ion and metal uptake studies showed promising results that can be effectively used for desalination of brackish water and separation of metals from the industrial effluents.

Reproductive performance of genetically engineered mice housed in different housing systems

Shikha Yadav,Inderjeet Yadav,Kunal Pratap,Pradeep Kumar Tiwari,Vijay Pal Singh 한국실험동물학회 2017 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.33 No.2

The genetically engineered mice require special husbandry care and are mainly housed in Individually Ventilated Cage (IVC) systems and Static Micro Isolator Cages (SMIC) to minimize the risk for spreading undesirable microorganisms. However, the static micro isolation cage housing like SMIC are being replaced with IVC systems in many facilities due to a number of benefits like a higher density housing in limited space, better protection from biohazards and allergens and decreased work load due to decreased frequency of cage changing required in this system. The purpose of this study was to examine the reproductive performance of genetically engineered mice housed in individually ventilated cages (IVC) and Static Micro Isolator Cages (SMIC). When the B6C3-Tg (APPswe, PSEN1dE9) 85Dbo/Mmjax transgenic mice were housed in these two housing systems, the number of litters per dam, number of pups born per dam and number of pups weaned per dam were found to be slightly higher in the IVC as compared to the SMIC but the difference was not significant (P<0.05). In case of Growth Associated Protein 43 (GAP-43) knockout mice, the number of litters born per dam and the number of pups born per dam were marginally higher in the IVC as compared to those housed in SMIC but the difference was not significant (P<0.05). Only the number of pups weaned per dam were found to be significantly higher as compared to those housed in the SMIC system at P<0.05.

Microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis and adsorption properties of carbon nanofibers for methamphetamine removal from aqueous solution using a response surface methodology

Vinod Kumar Gupta,Shilpi Agarwal,Inderjeet Tyagi,Maryam Sohrabi,Ali Fakhri,Sahar Rashidi,Nima Sadeghi 한국공업화학회 2016 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.41 No.-

Carbon nanofibers have been synthesized by simple facile microwave-assisted hydrothermal route andapplied as adsorbent for the fast adsorption of methamphetamine. The topological property of CNF wasanalyzed using XRD, SEM, TEM, and nitrogen adsorption–desorption instrumental techniques. Thesignificance of the independent variables and their interactions were tested by the analysis of variance(ANOVA) and t-test statistics. Influential parameters are optimized using BBD implemented with RSM,and the optimized value of pH, adsorbent dose and temperature was found to be 8.0, 0.1 g and 298 K,respectively. Under optimal conditions, the removal efficiency of methamphetamine was found to be55.25 mg/g.

Characteristics and electrical conductivity of graphene and graphene oxide for adsorption of cationic dyes from liquids: Kinetic and thermodynamic study

Omid Moradi,Vinod Kumar Gupta,Shilpi Agarwal,Inderjeet Tyagi,Mohammad Asif,Abdel Salam Hamdy Makhlouf,Hamidreza Sadegh,Ramin Shahryari-ghoshekandi 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.28 No.-

Graphene (G) and Graphene oxide (GO) were employed in the present study for the removal of two toxiccationic dye Basic Red 12 (BR 12) and Basic Red 46 (BR 46), from aqueous solutions. Graphene oxide wassynthesized by Hummer–Offeman method, and then characterized by XRD (X-ray diffraction), and FT-IR(Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy). The influence of various physico-chemical parameters suchas electrical conductivity behaviors, contact time, solution pH, dye concentration and temperature werewell investigated and elucidated. The kinetics and thermodynamics of the toxic dye removal processwere also investigated; results clearly depicts that the kinetics of the removal of BR 12 and BR 46 using Gand GO as adsorbents follows a pseudo-second-order model. G and GO exhibited high-adsorptioncapacity for BR 12 and BR 46. The dye removal depends on the initial pH of the solution with themaximum uptake occurring at about pH 9. Moreover, the thermodynamic results confirmed thatadsorption of dye BR 46 on G and GO were exothermic and adsorption of dye BR 12 on G and GO wereendothermic in nature. The electrical conductivity behaviors of the aqueous solution were found to beenhanced by oxidation of graphene.

Synthesis, characterization and adsorptive application of ferrocene based mesoporous material for hazardous dye Congo red

Sumanjit Kaur,Seema Rani,Vipin Kumar,R.K. Mahajan,Mohammad Asif,Inderjeet Tyagi,Vinod Kumar Gupta 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.26 No.-

Mesoporous adsorbent is prepared first time using ferrocene based surfactant as a template and adsorption of azo dye Congo red is investigated. Adsorbent is characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and N2 adsorption–desorption and deduced a lofty surface area of 342 m2/g. Effect of contact time, adsorbent dose, initial dye concentration and temperature were speculated to optimize adsorption conditions. Experimental data were contemplated for various kinetics and thermodynamic models at different temperatures and insinuated that adsorption process is film diffusion controlled and followed second order kinetics. Langmuir model imparted high value of monolayer capacity as 312.5 mg/g. The values of thermodynamic parameters like enthalpy (DH) and entropy (DS) were found to be 49.94 kJ/mol and 265.5 J/K/mol, respectively, and negative values of DG corroborated that the present adsorption system is feasible, spontaneous and endothermic.

Removal of noxious dye—Acid Orange 7 from aqueous solution using natural pumice and Fe-coated pumice stone

Behzad Heibati,Ahmad B. Albadarin,Susana Rodriguez-Couto,Nurdan Gamze Turan,Okan Ozgonenel,M. Asif,Inderjeet Tyagi,Shilpi Agarwal,Vinod Kumar Gupta 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.31 No.-

Rapid removal of the Acid Orange 7 (AO7) from aqueous solutions using natural pumice (NP) and Fecoatedpumice (Fe-CP) as low-cost adsorbents was well investigated and elucidated. The impact ofseveral influential parameters such as initial pH, initial AO7 concentration and contact time on theadsorption of AO7 removal was studied and optimized. The good agreement of adsorption equilibriumdata and analysis of isotherms with the Freundlich isotherm proved that it is the best fitted adsorptionisotherm model for the depicting the AO7 adsorption on both the developed adsorbents, which clearlyindicates the heterogeneity of the adsorbent surface. The maximum adsorption capacities for the NP andFe-CP were found to be 15.56 and 27.68 mg/g, respectively. The rate of adsorption followed the pseudosecond-order kinetic model.