Natural products used as a chemical library for protein–protein interaction targeted drug discovery

Jin, Xuemei,Lee, Kyungro,Kim, Nam Hee,Kim, Hyun Sil,Yook, Jong In,Choi, Jiwon,No, Kyoung Tai Elsevier 2018 Journal of molecular graphics & modelling Vol.79 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Protein–protein interactions (PPIs), which are essential for cellular processes, have been recognized as attractive therapeutic targets. Therefore, the construction of a PPI-focused chemical library is an inevitable necessity for future drug discovery. Natural products have been used as traditional medicines to treat human diseases for millennia; in addition, their molecular scaffolds have been used in diverse approved drugs and drug candidates. The recent discovery of the ability of natural products to inhibit PPIs led us to use natural products as a chemical library for PPI-targeted drug discovery. In this study, we collected natural products (NPDB) from non-commercial and in-house databases to analyze their similarities to small-molecule PPI inhibitors (iPPIs) and FDA-approved drugs by using eight molecular descriptors. Then, we evaluated the distribution of NPDB and iPPIs in the chemical space, represented by the molecular fingerprint and molecular scaffolds, to identify the promising scaffolds, which could interfere with PPIs. To investigate the ability of natural products to inhibit PPI targets, molecular docking was used. Then, we predicted a set of high-potency natural products by using the iPPI-likeness score based on a docking score-weighted model. These selected natural products showed high binding affinities to the PPI target, namely XIAP, which were validated in an <I>in vitro</I> experiment. In addition, the natural products with novel scaffolds might provide a promising starting point for further medicinal chemistry developments. Overall, our study shows the potency of natural products in targeting PPIs, which might help in the design of a PPI-focused chemical library for future drug discovery.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> This paper provides <I>in silico</I> drug discovery strategy to identify natural products capable to inhibit the protein–protein interactions. </LI> <LI> The predicted PPI inhibitor-like natural products were validated in an in vitro experiment. </LI> <LI> The XIAP inhibitor LENP0044 could be used as a potent template for further chemical optimization. </LI> <LI> Natural products can be used as potent candidates in the design of a PPI-focused chemical library for drug discovery. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

고형배지의 종류가 수경재배 멜론의 품종별 과실의 생육과 품질에 미치는 영향

전하준,황진규,김인규,손미자 대구대학교 생명과학연구소 2004 생명과학연구 Vol.3 No.1

In order to examine how growth substances influence to fruit growth and its quality, we cultivated 3 different kinds of melons which grown in hydroponic system into 3 different types of growth substances, such as perlite, perlite/rock wool and rock wool/perlite. In this experiment, “Siroi Kagayaki”, showed no significant difference in fruit weight and its diameter in any of growth substances, but higher in plant height in perlite/rock wool than Perlite. In case of “TS-1806”, there were no significant differences in soluble solids, fruit weight and diameter in all the substances. However, it showed longer in fruit length in rock wool / perlite than that in perlite/ rock wool. In addition, the soluble solids in placenta and flesh were higher in perlite than those in rock wool/perlite.

한국인의 종교성과 종교적 배타성

윤인진(Yoon, In Jin),양대영(Yang, Dae Young) 고려대학교 아세아문제연구소 2013 亞細亞硏究 Vol.56 No.2

In recent decades, Korean religious groups have increased their political influence and conflicts between different religions have become visible and intensified. In this context, we examined the levels and patterns of religious exclusiveness in both private and public domains and the reasons for their expression in South Korean society. We used both statistical analyses that used the 2008 KGSS dataset and in-depth interviews with 15 interviewees. After pointing out limitations of the religious index developed in the United States in the multi-religious South Korean religious context, we introduced a multidimensional index that consists of religious faith, religious act, and religious function and employed both conventional variables commonly used in religious studies and new variables that seem to capture multi-religious aspects of South Korea. Results of statistical analyses show that religious faith and act have significant effects on the tolerance toward a spouse of different religion. But religious function has no significant effect on this matter. Especially the level of faith in Buddhist doctrines and the frequency of attendance in religious meetings have significant effects. In the case of support for political candidates of different religion, only religious act has an significant effect while both religious faith and religious function have no effects. Especially, the frequency of prayers is the most significant variable. Also, in general, both Buddhists and Catholics are less exclusive than Protestants in matters of marital selection and political support. Results of in-depth interviews show that religious exclusiveness is the lowest in friendship, and in support for political candidates and interpersonal relationship at workplace in decreasing order. It is the highest in marital selection. As seen in statistical analyses, differences among religious groups are also observed in in-depth interviews. Protestants are the most religious exclusive toward people of different religious in both private and public domains, and both Buddhists and Catholics are not exclusive toward other religions. Protestants exhibit strong propensity to apply their Christian teachings, rituals and practices, and values to other people, workplace and political arenas, and this causes ill feeling and repulsion among Buddhists and Catholics toward Protestants.

漢文科 評價를 위한 成就基準 개發 方向에 대하여 : 高等學校를 中心으로 On the Direction of the Development of Completion Criteria for the Valuation in the Education of Sino-Korean Letters and Lit with the education in high school

秦仁燮 한국한문교육학회 2002 한문교육논집 Vol.19 No.-

敎育評價의 본질적 기능은 학생이 도달하여야 할 목표를 어느 정도 성취하였는지 점검하고, 그 결과를 학생이나 교사, 부모에게 제공해 주어 학생이 나아갈 좌표를 일러주고 도와주는 역할을 담당하는 것이다. 즉 교육의 장에서 評價는 학생이 지속적으로 성장하고 발달할 수 있도록 돕는 역할을 수행한다고 할 수 있다. 학교 연장 評價의 관행상 문제점으로 인하여 보다 적극적인 기준 개발의 필요성이 절실하다. 즉 評價 결과를 바탕으로 학생들의 학습 결손 상태를 파악하여 이를 개선하기 위해 敎授·學習 과정에 송환시키기보다는 학습자의 우·열을 가리기 위한 수단으로만 사용하는 등 교육과정의 기본 방향에 위배되는 상황들을 학교 교육이 주도했기 때문이다. 成就基準이란 해당 학년에서 배워야 할 敎授·學習 활동의 실질적인 기준으로, 교육과정의 목표 및 학습·내용을 실제 수업과 연관 시켜 이해할 수 있도록 명료하게 구체적으로 해석, 나열한 것이며, 또한 현장에서의 敎授·學習활동을 계획하고 구안할 수 있도록 기초 자료로 제시되는 것이며, 교육의 총체인 評價를 위한 준거로서 교육과정의 질 관리와 기초학력 보장을 위하여 개발되어야 하는 것이다. 따라서 敎育目標와 敎授·學習 활동, 評價 활동의 일치를 評價의 방향으로 두고 이를 위한 일관성 있고 체계적인 면모를 보이기 위해서는 교사와 학생이 무엇을 어떻게 가르치고 배워야 하며, 그것을 어떻게 評價해야 할 것인가에 대한 합리적인 준거인 成就基準을 마련하는 것이 시급한 실정이다. 한문과 성취기준 개발 방향에 대해 몇 가지 살펴보면 다음과 같다. ① 現場 適用性 및 自律性이 떨어지고 모호하다. ② 成就基準 영역 설정에 있어서 漢文과 교육과정의 논리와 특성에 따라 구별하고, 학급의 효율성을 극대화시켜야 한다. ③ 評價를 위한 成就基準에 대한 道具選擇과 活動課題가 斷片的이다. ④ 實業界 高等學校 學生들의 基礎學力 정도를 감안하지 않았다. ⑤ 동아시아권에서의 漢字의 활용을 위한 속자·약자·간자의 학습에 대한 기준이 없다. ⑥ 高等學校 敎育用 基礎漢字 900字에 대한 成就基準이 級別로 정해져 있지 않다. ⑦ 成就 水準을 정함에 있어 難易度나 重要度 등을 따져 학년별로 구분지어져 있어야 한다. ⑧ 敎授·學習 활동 시간 및 학생 수준의 조정이 필요하다. ⑨ 成就基準 영역을 설정함에 있어 실용적인 사안을 고려해야 한다. ⑩ 暗記 위주에서 探究 위주로 탈바꿈해야 한다. ⑪ 현재 시행되고 있는 대학 수학 능력 시험도 고려되어야 한다. 이상과 같이 成就基準의 개발의 방향성을 제시하였는바 이는 적정한 評價 기준을 세우는데 그 목적이 있다. 물론 이와 같이 成就基準을 만들어 놓고 評價基準을 마련하는 것이 너무 세부적으로 나누어지게 되어 혼란을 가중시킬 수도 있겠으나, 오히려 학생들이 반드시 성취해야 하고 이에 따라 정당한 評價를 받기를 원한다면 쌍방의 만족을 이끌어 낼 수 있으리라 본다. 그리고 절대 불변의 확고한 지침을 제공할 수 있는 성격은 아니므로 앞으로 교육 과정의 확대 적용에 따른 현장 교사들의 경험, 학습자, 교육 전문가, 행정 기관 그리고 학부모의 반응과 의견을 조사하고 우리의 교육 현실을 반영하여 成就基準의 기본적인 의미를 확대 또는 수정하여 보완하는 가능성은 열어두고자 한다. The essential function of educational valuation is the inspection of educational completion of students and advising them to acquire future angular by informing the result to teachers and parents. But the valuation in educational field had been performed usually, so if we couldn't this problem we wouldn't achieve the improvement of educational quality. To be frank, the conception of completion criteria can be explained by three as belows. 1) Elementary criteria of education to be taught in every grades, in other words, that comments on the goal and contents in curriculum distinctly and concretely relating to real educational processes. 2) That was issued as the basic datum to plan the education-learning schedules. 3) That have to be developed for the management of educational quality in curriculum and the guarantee of elementary scholarship as the standard of valuation. As mentioned above, I will present several directions to correct problems of current completion criteria and to establish new criteria suited to present educational systems. ① Field applicability and autonomy are depreciated and vague. ② In the fixing the area of completion criteria, we must distinguish according to the logic and the characteristics of educational curriculum, and must deal all students differently. ③ The choice of instrument and performing subjects in the completion criteria for test are fragmentary. ④ That didn't take into account the degree of elementary scholarship in industrial high school. ⑤ There is no clear criterium for using the simplified Chinese characters of Japan and China. ⑥ There is no graded completion criterium for 900 elementary letters in high school education. ⑦ We must take into account the degree of difficulty and importance in deciding the level of completion. ⑧ We must settle the time of teaching-learning and the level of student. ⑨ In the fixing the area of compleyion criteria, we must take into account pragmatic aspects. ⑩ We must transform memory centered curriculums into investigating centered one. ⑪ We must take into account the test for entrance of university(college) current operated.

병원중심 가정간호중재 분석 : NIC 체계 적용

용진선,유인자,유지연 성인간호학회 2000 성인간호학회지 Vol.12 No.4

The purpose of the study was to investigate the characteristics of the clients registered in the department of home health care nursing in a hospital and to analyze nursing intervention activities recorded in charts by application of Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC) system For the descriptive survey study, data were collected by reviewing charts of 572 home health care clients between May. 1997 and July, 2000 at K hospital in Seoul. The average alee of the clients was 66 years and the number of clients in their 70s ranted first with 28.2 percent(158 people). The mean length of home care servile was 47 days with the highest frequency of less than four weeks(56 %). With regard to medical diagnosis, cancer showed the highest frequency (48%. 271 people) fellowed by cerebrovascular disease (19%). anti pulmonary disease (6.9%). According to analysis of nursing interventions by the NIC system, the most frequently used nursing interventions in level 1 were interventions in the Physiological: Complex domain which were used 3.663 times (33%) among 11.107 total interventions. The Safety domain was the second most frequently used intervention, followed by the Physiological Basic, and the Behavioral domains. In level 2. the Risk Management class was the most frequently used interventions with 3,108 interventions (27.9%). followed by Drug Management, and Tissue Perfusion Management classes. In level 3 interventions. Vital Sign Monitoring was the most frequently used intervention. 569 times (5.1%) followed by Health Screening, and Neurological Monitoring interventions. In sum, half of the clients in the study had cancer and were in their 70s. The most frequent reason for ending home care was death(40%). followed by readmission (28%). These findings represent clients with severe conditions referred to the home care nursing decal-foment as it was a University leaching hospital. Further research on analyzing nursing interventions performed in earth institution needs to be conducted to develop a standardized list of nursing interventions to use in home health care settings.

재외한인연구의 동향과 과제

윤인진 在外韓人學會 2010 在外韓人硏究 Vol.21 No.-

본 논문은 국내에서 출판되었거나 간행되었던 재외한인 관련 문헌들을 검색하고 분석하여 재외한인연구의 동향을 파악하고, 기존 연구의 문제점 또는 한계점을 진단하고, 앞으로의 발전 방향을 모색하는 것을 목표로 한다. 연구방법은 학술연구정보서비스 (www.riss4u.net)에 등록된 석박사 학위논문들과 전문학술지 논문들을 대상으로 재외한인 관련 검색어를 사용해서 검색하고, 출판연도, 학문분야, 주제어, 동포집단별로 데이터베이스화하고, 통계분석과 내용분석을 통해 재외한인연구의 특성과 경향을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 재외한인연구는 1960년대부터 시작되었으나 1990 년대에 들어서 본격적으로 활성화되었다. 1960~1970년대에는 재일한인에 관한 연구가 주류를 이루었고, 1980년대에는 재미한인에 관한 연구가 활발했고, 1990년대부터는 조선족에 대한 연구가 폭넓게 진행되었다. 특히 국내에 체류하는 조선족에 대한 연구는 다문화연구의 시각에서도 진행되어 재외한인연구의 경계를 확장하였다. 하지만 중앙아시아와 러시아, 유럽, 남미, 오대양 지역의 재외한인에 대한 연구는 극히 미미하여 지역 간 불균형이 심하다. 앞으로 재외한인 연구가 발전하려면 선행연구가 미진한 지역에 대한 적극적인 연구활동이 필요하며, 다양한 분야의 재외한인연구자들 간의 소통과 학제 간 연구가 활성화되어야 하며, 교육, 신학, 문학 분야의 연구자들을 재외한인연구의 영역을 끌어들이는 ‘아웃리치’(outreach) 노력이 필요하다. This study aims at reviewing and analyzing the literature on Koreans abroad published in South Korea, finding trends and characteristics of studies of Koreans abroad, diagnosing problems and limitations of the current research, and exploring directions for future development. I reviewed dissertation theses and articles of professional journals on Koreans abroad listed in the database of the Korea Education and Research Information Service (www.riss4u.net) and examined trends and characteristics of studies of Koreans abroad by using statistical analyses and content analyses. Results show that studies of Koreans abroad began in the 1960s and began to flourish in the 1990s. Koreans in Japan were the main target of research focus in the 1960-70s, Koreans in the United States received big attention in the 1980s, and Koreans in China, commonly called Chosunjok, began to be studied extensively in the 1990s. Expecially the Chosunjok in South Korea in South Korea are studied in the context of multicultural studies, expanding the boundary of studies of Koreans abroad. Studies on Koreans in Central Asia and Russia, Europe, Latin America, and Oceania, however, are very limited and thus the regional imbalance in research outcomes is serious. To develop studies of Koreans abroad further, we need to conduct active research on Koreans abroad in regions that have not received sufficient attention, invigorate communication and interdisciplinary research among scholars in various research fields, and expand the outreach to scholars in fields of education, theological and mission studies, and literature who have not been active members of studies of Koreans abroad.

조선후기 역관족보(譯官族譜)의 고찰(考察) -『김산리씨세보(金山李氏世譜)』를 중심으로

장인진 ( In Jin Chang ) 성균관대학교 대동문화연구원 2016 大東文化硏究 Vol.94 No.-

금산이씨는 고려 초의 벽진장군 李悤言의 후손인데 역관의 계통이다. 19세기 중반에 『금산이씨세보』를 간행하고 李愉의 가계 157명을 수록하였는데, 성관 집단이면서 한 파로 구성되어 派名이 없다. 족보에 嫡庶를 표기하였다. 17세기 이후 서얼통청 등 사회 분위기가 형성되고 있었지만 이 족보에서는 士族의 족보와 동일하게 존비 귀천 의식이 남아 있다. 이 족보에서 외손·외증손의 妻父와 외손서·외증손서의 父名까지 표기한 것은 타 족보에서 보기드문 사례가 되므로 자신들의 신분적 영역을 굳게 고수하고자 한 것으로 이해할 수 있다. 족보를 간행할 때 역관 가문으로서 결속을 다지고 족세를 유지하려는 의도가 있었을 것으로 보이는데, 족보 편성시 命字항열 6명을 포함한 31명의 가계에서 수단을 내지 않은 것은 18세기 사회의 士族우위 풍조에서 중인 차별이라는 문제 인식에서 나온 한계가 아닌가 한다. 최초 역관 李愉는 자손 12대까지 연이어서 총 66명의 역과 합격자를 배출하여 조선시대 역과 합격수 10大姓氏안에 들었다. 또 합격자 가운데는 壯元7명, 5子 합격한 1가구 등이 있었고, 종1품에 오른 자는 6명이었다. 역관들이 가장 영예롭게 여기던 敎誨의 직에 선발된 자가 32명으로 합격자의 48.5%를 점하였다. 이 가문의 업적을 요약하면, 李愉는 임란 때 임금을 호종한 후 倭都에 들어가서 4년간 公務를 충실히 수행하였다. 李後勉은 燕京에 들어가서 禁書를 구하여 조정에 올렸다. 李樞는 연경에 33번 가서 奏請6번 성사시키는 등 역관의 소임을 다하였고, 특히 『明史』에 인조반정 기록이 잘못된 것을 바로잡는데도 기여하였다. 李洙는 『朴通事新釋』·『重刊老乞大』의 간행과 『捷語新語』·『通文館志』에 序文을 쓰는 등 사역원의 주요 서적을 간행하는데 공헌하였다. 李야는 『금산이씨세보』를 간행하였고, 李瀷은 『蒙學三書』의 重刊序를 지었으며, 李應憲은 『華音啓蒙』을 편찬하였다. 李琦는 유럽 6개국의 외교를 폈다. 통혼의 경우, 중인 신분층과 철저히 혼사를 하였고, 혼사를 맺은 성씨는 37성씨89본관인데 겹친 혼사가 많았다. 사돈 중에는 역관 시인으로 저명한 李尙迪과 우봉김씨의 기반을 다진 金益瑞가 주목되었다. 사위의 가계를 살펴보면 전체 355명 가운데 역과 합격자가 78명이므로, 사위·외손들 역시 역관의 가계를 계승하고 있다. 그러나 醫科, 籌學출신이 늘어나고, 雲科·律科의 합격자가 나온 점으로 보면 사위·외손 가계에서 다양한 전문 기술직으로 확산되고 있었다. 금산이씨는 역관가문으로 이어오면서 조선시대 중국, 일본과 외교를 다지는데 기여하였고, 구한 말 새로운 문명이 대두하던 시기에는 내·외 후손들이 정치, 외교, 사회, 종교, 예술, 문화, 출판 등 각 방면에서 당대 신지식인으로서 선도적 역할을 수행한 점이 돋보인다. The Geumsan Lee Family is the descendant of Lee Chong-eon(李悤言) in the early Goryeo Dynasty, and the first Translators(譯官) in this lineage was Lee Yu(李愉) in the early 16th century. In the 『Genealogy of Geumsan Lee Family(金山李氏世譜)』, there was a record of 145 descendants in Lee Yu``s family tree; however, I added 9 more people, thus now there are 154 descendants known in the lineage. Lee Yu produced 66 family members who passed the Yeokgwa examination(譯科, examination for Translators) over 12 generations in a row in his lineage; which inducted his lineage into one of the top ten lineages in Choson Dynasty for turning out successful candidates. This is a brief summary of the lineage and their achievements: Lee Yu served as a public official for four years, in attendance on the King during the Imjin War(1592~1598) in Waedo(倭都). Lee Hu-myeon(李後勉) brought the banned literatures from Yanjing(燕 京) and dedicated those to the government. Lee Chu(李樞) served as the official interpreter and travelled to Yanjing over 33 times; especially he contributed to correct inaccuracy in the record of the King Injo``s Restoration from the book 『History of Ming(明史)』. Lee Su(李洙) published major literatures in Sayeokwon(司譯院). Lee Ya(李야) published 『Genealogy of Geumsan Lee Family』. Lee Gi(李琦) engaged in diplomatic relations with six states in Europe. With regard to the marriage, it mostly was engaged with Jungin(the Middle Class); and there were 37 lineages with 89 family clans involved. One of their in-laws was Lee Sang-jeok(李尙迪), a Translators and poet. In the lineage of the sons-in-law, there were 78 who passed the Yeokgwa examination among 355; so it can be considered as the lineage of interpreters. The Geumsan Lee Family contributed to the establishment of diplomatic relations between Choson Dynasty, China and Japan at the time; also, the lineage henceforth played a leading role in various aspects including politics, diplomacy, society, religion, art, culture and publication during the era of newly-rising civilization in the late Choson Dynasty.

실업 검도선수들의 성취목표성향에 따른 선수만족과 경기수행력과의 관계

진인하(Jin, In-Ha),강진형(Kang, Jin-Hyung) 대한검도학회 2018 대한검도학회지 Vol.29 No.1

본 연구는 실업팀 남자 검도선수들의 성취목표성향에 따른 선수만족과 경기수행력에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 규명하는데 연구의 목적이 있었다. 이와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위하여 연구의 대상으로는 전국에 대한검도회에 등록된 실업팀 검도선수들을 모집단으로 설정하였다. 성취목표성향을 알아보기 위해 Duda(1989)에 의해 개발된 성취목표성향질문지를 김병준(2001)이 번안한 설문지를 사용하였으며, 선수만족을 알아보기 위하여 Chelladurai(1981)의 다차원 리더십 모형을 검증하여 일반화 시킨 설문지를 본 연구에 맞게 재구성 하여 사용 하였다(이홍윤, 2007). 또한 경기수행력을 알아보기 위하여 이민재(2000)이 사용한 설문지를 본 연구의 목적에 맞게 수정·보완하여 재구성 하여 사용하였다. 수집된 자료는 빈도분석, 요인분석, 신뢰도검증, 독립포본 t-검증, 일원변량분석과 Duncan방법을 이용한 다중비교분석, 상관분석, 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 이러한 연구방법과 절차를 통하여 검도선수의 성취목표성향에 따른 선수만족과 경기력에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대하여 분석한 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 실업팀 검도선수들의 연령, 선수경력에 따라 성취목표성향, 선수만족, 경기력에 대하여 부분적으로 차이가 있었다. 성별에서는 성취목표성향 요인 중 자기성취성향과 선수만족요인 중 지도능력 만족요인에서 차이가 있었으며, 연령에서는 성취목표성향 요인 중 과제성취성향 요인과 선수만족 요인 중 지도자자질 만족, 그리고 경기수행력 요인 중 경기수행 성공 요인에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 선수경력에서는 성취목표성향 요인 중 과제성취성향 요인에서, 선수만족 요인 중 지도력 만족요인, 경기력 요인 중 경기수행 성숙 요인에서 각 각 유의한 차이를 보였다. 둘째, 실업팀 검도선수들의 성취목표성향, 선수만족, 경기력의 각 요인 별 관계에서는 과제성취성향과 자기성취성향, 기술분석 만족과 지도능력 만족, 지도자 자질 만족, 지도능력 만족과 지도자 자질 만족, 경기수행 성공, 운동능력 향상에서 유의미한 상관관계가 나타났으며, 지도자 자질 만족과 경기수행 성공, 경기수행 성공과 운동능력 향상, 심리적 성숙, 그리고 경기수행 성숙과 심리적 성숙에서 정(+)적인 상관을 보였다. 셋째, 실업팀 검도선수들의 성취목표성향 하위요인인 과제성취성향과 선수만족의 하위요인인 지도능력 만족이 경기수행력에 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다. This accomplishment of the goals of this study is due to the propensity for guiding players to player satisfaction and affect the performance the purpose of the study was to identify how. In order to achieve such an objective study of all over the country for Korea Kumdo Association-registered Business Teams kumdo players and set the population, a total of 113 people found the materials for analytical processing. Achievement goals tendencies to see Duda (1992) developed by the achievement goals tendencies questionnaire Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire, and Kim Byong-Joon (2001) used a questionnaire, and this time, not a single athlete satisfaction to see Chelladurai (1981) has been generalized for multidimensional leadership model of verification by Kim Byung-hyun (1989) is the yardstick of Hong yun (2007) are used to reconstruct the questionnaire. Also learn to match capacity min Jae (2000) and Lee Hong-yun (2007) is used for the purposes of this study on the modified questionnaire, complemented by reconstruction and use. The collected material is SPSS WIN Ver 22.0 program using frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability verification, independent verification of this t-Pimp, Member of the variate analysis and Duncan multiple comparisons method analysis , the correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis. These research methods and procedures through the accomplishment of the goals of kumdo players due to the propensity of player satisfaction and affect the performance of any analytical conclusions are as follows. Firstly, Business Teams kumdo players depending on the player's gender, grade, career achievement goals tendencies, player satisfaction, the performance was partly due to differences with respect. In the achievement of gender goals, tendencies of the factors capable of self-fulfillment tendencies and player satisfaction factors, differences in factors which were satisfied with the guidance of, education, achievement goal orientations of the factors of the fulfillment of the assignments inclination factors, players satisfied coach makings satisfaction, and performance factors, note the difference in the match is performed of the success factors. Among the challenges the player career achievement goal orientation factors of player satisfaction and achievement orientation maps of the game match the strength, power, note the differences in the maturity factor performed. Secondly, the accomplishment of the goal orientation, Business Teams kumdo players in each of the factors, the game meets the challenges of achievement, aptitude and self achievement orientation relationship by, technical analysis is capable of satisfying, contentment and lead coach makings satisfaction, leadership and coaching qualities, keep in mind that in match play, a success, performing do mature correlation, coach makings satisfaction and success with economic success, performing the game does match do mature, psychological maturity, and psychological maturity and maturity in performing the match (+) and seemed to care. Third, the accomplishment of the goals of Business Teams kumdo players training sub factor of player satisfaction, fulfillment of the assignments inclination factor capable of satisfying the performance map exercise affects immersed in.

응급 의료 센터내 사망 환자의 분석

유인술,김준식,진재우,이철주,민영기,조준필 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.2

We need the constitute of Emergency medical system that connect prehospital care of inhospital care effectively for optimal treatment of emergency patient. The analysis of actual condition of our emergency medical system, through study of mortality case in emergency medical center will be a aid to the constitute. The authors performed a review on the records of 60 cases who died in Ajou university Emergency medical center during management, since June 1994 to september 1995. Among the 60 patient, 72% were male and 28% were female. In nontrauma patient, 6th decade was many, in trauma patients, 3rd and 5th decade was many. Among the 60 patient, 33% were traumatic cases, 66% were nontraumatic cases. Among the traumatic patients, more than half of the cases were due to motor vehicle accidents. The most frequent time interval from onset of emergent situation to arreving at emergency center was more than 2 hours. The most common transfer method was by 119 ambulance. In most cases, prehospital treatments were not taken. In most cases, initial mental status was comatose, and systolic blood pressure was less than 60 mmHg. Most cardiovascular resuscitation was done in 30 min. to an hour. In cases as traffic accident of ischemic heart disease, where rapid transportation of the patient is critical for the patient's survival, however, in most cases it took more than two hours to bring such patients to hospital, and first aid treatment before arrival to hospital was rare. No prehospital treatment was done to nearly all patient. In many cases the patient was already in under coma or shock state. The inhospital care at emergency center was made relatively quickly and adequately. The mean duration of cardiopulmonary resustation was 30min to one hour. From this study, we could notice the poor quality of prehospital care in the region ,near Ajou university hospital, and we came to know that the improvement of quality of prehospital care was the most important factor to reduce the motality of emergency department patient. that is, in the treatment of emergency patients, weak points has been revealed in the pre-hospital treatment, the improvement of which is important factor for the survival of emergency patients.

순천대학교 농과대학 개편 방안

임행진,배인휴,임준택,배영환 순천대학교 1996 大學發展硏究論文集 Vol.2 No.-

1. 대학 명칭 변경 농과대학을 생명자원 과학대학으로 개편 2. 학부제 운영 방안 1) 제1차안에 따른 6개 학부로 개편하되 추가적인 여론 수렴이 반드시 요망됨. 2) 학부 운영시 정원 감축 요망 현행 395명 → 300명 (24% 감축) 3) 학부 구성시 전공의 세분화는 지양하되 통합을 위한 새로운 분야는 인정한다. 3. 교과과정의 운영 1) 교양과목―외국어 및 전산 교육 강화 2) 전공과목 ① 강의 책임시수를 하향 조정하여 강의 내실화 도모 ② 유사과목 중복 개설 지양 ③ 복수전공제 도입 ④ Team teacing, 동일 과목 분반제 등의 도입으로 전문성 제고 3) 교과과정의 개편 절차 (1) 농대에 교과과정 개편위원회를 설치하여 자체 의견을 수렴 (2) 교과과정 개편위원회에서 ① 교양과목 이수 학점 조정 ② 학부(전공)간 중복 및 유사 교과목 조정 ③ 공통 과목 담당 교수진과 강의분담 방법 결정 ④ 복수전공 허용 범위 및 시행 방안 조정 4. 대학 발전 방안 1) 농과대학 특성화 시설원예 분야로의 특성화유도 2) 대 농민 기술지원 센타 설립을통한 현장애오 해결 연구부, 교육부, 지도부, 농업정보부, 식물병원 등 설치 3) 대학의 자립 능력 배양 ① 농대 발전기금 조성, 농대 부석기관의 자체 수익사업 운영 ② 부속기관의 수익을 재투자할 수 있도록 제도 개선 4) 연구 여건 개선 ① 연구 전담 교수제 확대 시행 ② 공동기기동 설치 및 전공별 공동기기실 운영 The problems that College of Agriculture in Korea are confronted with consist of a few number of faculty members in very department, and hence too many lecture hours per prefessor, departments with similar speciality, duplicated subjects, and hence duplicated lectures in similar subjects, poor experimental equipments, poor extension system, and a small amount of budget. It would be necessary to reorganize the system of College of Agriculture to solve these problems. The objective of the study is to construct the direction of reorganization of College of Agriculture in Sunchon National University. For the objective, survey composed of all professors in the Agricultural College and discussions among committee members were adopted. Survey data was collected and analysed. Through the study, reorganization strategies were built as the point of change of college name, administration of school system by unifying departments with similar major area, basic directions in reconstructing the curriculum for the school system, and strategies for the growth of the College. 1) Name of College of Agriculture will be changed to College of Life and Resource Science. 2) College of Agriculture can be reorganized into six schools based on survey, and for more concrete reorganization, additional opinions must be gathered. Number of incoming student can be reduced for school system from 395 at present to 300 (24% reduction). Finely specialized major should be prohibited, but addition of departments or speciality of new research area can be allowed for the establishment of administration of school system. 3) In management of curriculum, foreign language and computer science should be reinforced as general course in the school system. Obligated lecture hours of professor should be reduced, which would enhance the quality of lecture, and offerring lectures with similar subjects should be restricted. Dual major system is going to be allowed. Team teaching and class separation for the same subject should be allowed for the enhancement of lecture quality. In curriculum revision process, committee of curriculum revision in College of Agriculture must be set up and gather opinios for better revision. The committee regulate the credits for the general course, control overlapping or similar subjects among the schools(majors), select lectures for team teaching and the way of class separation in the same subject. They also provide permitted limits of and the way of conducting dual major system. 4) For further growth of the college, the following items should be satisfied. With the limited number of faculties, concentrating facilities and research capability of the college into specialized area is needed to enhance the competitive power of the college. In this study, the committee agreed to select horticultural area in greenhouse as the specialized area. This will be achieved gradually by employing new faculty members with major in this area and conducting cooperative research among faculty members. An extension system to train farmers for the newly developed technologies in agriculture should be established. In this facility, farmers can exchange their experiences among them, and farmers and the university faculty members can conduct experiments to solve problems occurred in farming practices. The extension system consists of division of reasearch, education, advise, information in agricultural area, and diagnosis of pest and diseases. Annual budget of the college largely depends upon the budget from the Ministry of Education. With the limited budget, it is almost impossible for the college to invest into the area where college faculty members intend to for the farmers. Collection of a fund for the growth of the college is needed. This fund can be gathered either from the alumni, faculty members and students or by reinvesting the profit from experimental farm of the college. The system for the reinvestment of the profit from appendges of the college should be established. The condition of research should be improved. This can be achieved by employing full-time researchers as faculty members and reducing lecture load of professors. Building for the center of cooperative research and systematic installation of experimental facility and equipments might also be needed for the improvement.