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A Way to Utilize Movies Through Exceptional Examples of English Comparatives and Imperatives
Iida. Yasuhiro 영상영어교육학회 2016 영상영어교육 (STEM journal) Vol.17 No.4
Recent mechanical improvement in classroom facilities allows teachers to use movies as teaching material for students studying English as a foreign language. Movies help students to understand the rules of English linguistics such as grammar and sound patterns by providing them with specific real-life utterances. Unlike general textbooks, movies also provide a wide variety of interesting English examples that appear to go against the general rules. In this paper, we first divide English examples found in movies into two types: supporting examples (SptEx) that exemplify the rules of English; and exceptional examples (ExpEx) that superficially break the rules. Then, by showing a way to utilize movies via both the SptEx and the ExpEx, this paper argues that a reciprocally-related teaching method helps teachers to deepen students’ understanding of English and even broaden their linguistic views. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that this method can be applied to various fields of English linguistics such as syntax and morphology, and also to a number of English sentence types. Among others, this paper focuses on comparative and imperative sentences. In addition, several potential issues related to collecting ExpEx from movies and build up a database of examples are pointed out.
Learning English via Cross-Cutting Observations: With Tag Questions and Movies
Iida, Yasuhiro 영상영어교육학회 2019 영상영어교육 (STEM journal) Vol.20 No.4
This paper proposes a method to help ESL learners improve their knowledge of English grammar and broaden their understanding of the English language. One important key feature of the method is careful observation of the independently-taught rules of English grammar from one specific sentence type, which I call “cross-cutting observations”. It encourages ESL learners to see the close relation between aspects of English language learning and the application of different grammar rules, such as the imperative sentence construction, pronoun usage, adverb usage, etc., by highlighting in particular the properties of tag questions in English (e.g., Tom likes sushi, doesn’t he?). Furthermore, this paper provides suggestions as to the potential use of authentic English examples in movies (and also TV dramas) as a rich source of learning and teaching material which typical English textbooks for ESL learners may lack. The paper concludes by encouraging ESL learners desiring to widen their understanding of English forms and usage (specifically as seen from the aspect of tag questions) by tapping into authentic and natural English in movies. Overall, this paper is an attempt to bridge English education, English linguistics and movies as an effective means to engage ESL learners.
( Osamu Kawamura ),( Yukie Kohata ),( Noriyuki Kawami ),( Hiroshi Iida ),( Akiyo Kawada ),( Hiroko Hosaka ),( Yasuyuki Shimoyama ),( Shiko Kuribayashi ),( Yasuhiro Fujiwara ),( Katsuhiko Iwakiri ),( M 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2016 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.22 No.4
Background/Aims Twenty-four-hour esophageal impedance and pH monitoring allows detection of all types of reflux episodes and is considered the best technique for identifying gastroesophageal refluxes. However, normative data for the Japanese population are lacking. This multicenter study aimed to establish the normal range of 24-hour esophageal impedance and pH data both in the distal and the proximal esophagus in Japanese subjects. Methods Forty-two healthy volunteers (25 men and 17 women) with a mean ± standard deviation age of 33.3 ± 12.4 years (range: 22-72 years) underwent a combined 24-hour esophageal impedance and pH monitoring. According to the physical and pH properties, distal or proximal esophageal reflux events were categorized. Results Median 45 reflux events occurred in 24 hours, and the 95th percentile was 85 events. Unlike previous reports, liquid-containing reflux events are median 25/24 hours with the 95th percentile of 62/24 hours. Acidic reflux events were median 11/24 hours with the 95th percentile of 39/24 hours. Non-acidic gas reflux events were median 15/24 hours with the 95th percentile of 39/24 hours. Proximal reflux events accounted for 80% of the total reflux events and were mainly non-acidic gas refluxes. About 19% of liquid and mixed refluxes reached the proximal esophagus. Conclusions Unlike previous studies, liquid-containing and acidic reflux events may be less frequent in the Japanese population. Non-acidic gas reflux events may be frequent and a cause of frequent proximal reflux events. This study provides important normative data for 24-hour impedance and pH monitoring in both the distal and the proximal esophagus in the Japanese population.
Zou, Yanan,Kim, Daekyung,Yagi, Motoaki,Yamasaki, Yasuhiro,Kurita, Jun,Iida, Takaji,Matsuyama, Yukihiko,Yamaguchi, Kenichi,Oda, Tatsuya Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and A 2013 Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry Vol.77 No.2
<P>Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)-release assay was applied to estimate the toxic potential of harmful algal species at the cellular level. African green monkey kidney (Vero), yellowtail fin epithelia (MJF), and rainbow trout gill (RTgill-W1) cells were used as target cells. A live cell suspension of Karenia mikimotoi (SUO-1) induced the release of LDH from these cell lines, while the activity of another strain, FUK, was much lower. The cell-free culture supernatants and ruptured cell suspensions of both strains of K. mikimotoi were less effective on LDH-release assay. Exposure experiments against abalone and shrimp revealed that SUO-1 showed much stronger lethal effects on these organisms than FUK. Among six phytoplankton species, three species known to be harmful algal species induced the release of LDH to different extents depending on the cell line, whereas the other three species, known to be non-toxic, showed no effects on any cell lines. These results suggest that LDH-release assay is a useful micro-plate assay for estimation of the toxic potential of harmful phytoplankton.</P>
Impact of sarcopenia on biliary drainage during neoadjuvant therapy for pancreatic cancer
Kunio Kataoka,Eizaburo Ohno,Takuya Ishikawa,Kentaro Yamao,Yasuyuki Mizutani,Tadashi Iida,Hideki Takami,Osamu Maeda,Junpei Yamaguchi,Yukihiro Yokoyama,Tomoki Ebata,Yasuhiro Kodera,Hiroki Kawashima 대한소화기내시경학회 2024 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.57 No.1
Background/Aims: Since the usefulness of neoadjuvant chemo(radiation) therapy (NAT) for pancreatic cancer has been demonstrated, recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO) in patients with pancreatic cancer with a fully covered self-expandable metal stent (FCSEMS) during NAT is expected to increase. This study investigated the impact of sarcopenia on RBO in this setting. Methods: Patients were divided into normal and low skeletal muscle index (SMI) groups and retrospectively analyzed. Patient characteristics, overall survival, time to RBO (TRBO), stent-related adverse events, and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify the risk factors for short TRBO. Results: A few significant differences were observed in patient characteristics, overall survival, stent-related adverse events, and postoperative complications between 38 patients in the normal SMI group and 17 in the low SMI group. The median TRBO was not reached in the normal SMI group and was 112 days in the low SMI group (p=0.004). In multivariate analysis, low SMI was the only risk factor for short TRBO, with a hazard ratio of 5.707 (95% confidence interval, 1.148–28.381; p=0.033). Conclusions: Sarcopenia was identified as an independent risk factor for RBO in patients with pancreatic cancer with FCSEMS during NAT.