Enhancement of the hydrogen productivity in microbial water gas shift reaction by <i>Thermococcus onnurineus</i> NA1 using a pressurized bioreactor

Kim, Min-Sik,Fitriana, Hana Nur,Kim, Tae Wan,Kang, Sung Gyun,Jeon, Sang Goo,Chung, Soo Hyun,Park, Gwon Woo,Na, Jeong-Geol Elsevier 2017 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY - Vol.42 No.45

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Here, we developed a pressurized bioreactor system that increase carbon monoxide (CO) transfer efficiency in order to enhance the hydrogen productivity in the microbial water gas shift reaction by <I>Thermococcus onnurineus</I> NA1. The effects of CO pressure on the hydrogen production rate, CO consumption rate and the cell growth were investigated using small scale stainless steel bottles at various CO partial pressures. It was found that CO solubility increased by applying pressure can affect hydrogen production positively as long as the increased toxicity of CO is endurable to cells. The hydrogen productivity increased to some extent with CO pressure, but decreased drastically at the pressure higher than 4 bar. On the other hand, the effect of pressure itself on the cell's activity was not as significant as that of CO solubility increase. In the experiments at various system pressures with identical CO partial pressure of 1 bar, more than 80% of the cell activity remains even at total pressure of 10 bar. Also, it was important to determine the appropriate time to increase pressure for preventing excess CO in the reactor. Based on these results, a fermentation strategy for the pressurized system was designed and applied to a 5 L bioreactor with the continuous supply of the gas containing 60% CO. When the pressure was introduced to the bioreactor up to 4 bar at CO limitation condition, the unprecedented high productivity (360 mmol L<SUP>−1</SUP> h<SUP>−1</SUP>) could be obtained.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> CO gas solubility increased by pressurizing can be beneficial to H<SUB>2</SUB> production. </LI> <LI> The impact of pressure per se was marginal. </LI> <LI> CO toxicity impacts were reduced by applying pressure at mass transfer limitation condition. </LI> <LI> When the pressure was introduced to the bioreactor, the unprecedented high productivity could be obtained. </LI> </UL> </P>

Glyoxal-induced exacerbation of pruritus and dermatitis is associated with <i>staphylococcus aureus</i> colonization in the skin of a rat model of atopic dermatitis

Han, Rafael Taeho,Kim, Hye Young,Ryu, Hyun,Jang, Wooyoung,Cha, Seung Ha,Kim, Hyo Young,Lee, JaeHee,Back, Seung Keun,Kim, Hee Jin,Na, Heung Sik Elsevier 2018 Journal of dermatological science Vol.90 No.3

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a highly pruritic, chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with hyperreactivity to environmental triggers. Among those, outdoor air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM) have been reported to aggravate pre-existing AD. However, underlying mechanisms of air pollution-induced aggravation of AD have hardly been studied.</P> <P><B>Objective</B></P> <P>To investigate the molecular mechanisms by which glyoxal, a PM-forming organic compound, exacerbates the symptoms of AD induced by neonatal capsaicin treatment.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>Naïve and AD rats had been exposed to either fresh air or vaporized glyoxal for 5 weeks (2 h/day and 5 days/week) since one week of age. Pruritus and dermatitis were measured every week. The skin and blood were collected and immunological traits such as Staphylococcus aureus skin colonization, production of antimicrobial peptides and immunoglobulin, and mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines were analyzed.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Exposure to glyoxal aggravated pruritus and dermatitis in AD rats, but did not induce any symptoms in naïve rats. Staphylococcus aureus skin colonization was increased in the skin of both naïve and AD rats. Expression of antimicrobial peptides such as LL-37 and β-defensin-2 was also increased by exposure to glyoxal in the skin of both naïve and AD rats. The mRNA expression of Th1-related cytokines was elevated on exposure to glyoxal. However, serum immunoglobulin production was not significantly changed by exposure to glyoxal.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>In AD rats, exposure to glyoxal exacerbated pruritus and cutaneous inflammation, which was associated with increased colonization of <I>S. aureus</I> and subsequent immunological alterations in the skin.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Exposure to glyoxal aggravated the symptoms in AD rats, but did not induce AD in naïve rats. </LI> <LI> <I>S. aureus</I> skin colonization and subsequent expression of antimicrobial peptides were increased after exposure to glyoxal. </LI> <LI> Exposure to glyoxal elevated the production of Th1-related cytokines such as TNF-α and IFN-γ in the AD lesional skin. </LI> </UL> </P>

배추 생육 중 토양 수용성 양이온의 경시적 변화 모니터링

김용국(Yong gook Kim),Khok Pros,김경영(Kyoung young Kim),조현종(Hyun Jong Cho),나홍식(Hong Sik Na),한광현(Gwang Hyun Han) 한국토양비료학회 2021 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2021 No.11

토양의 치환성 이온 함량이 아닌 식물체에 직접 흡수되는 수용성 이온들을 모니터링 하는 것이 중요하다. 배추가 생육하면서 토양 중 수용성 양이온들의 함량이 어떻게 변하는지 확인하고, 각 이온의 농도에 따라 그에 알맞은 처방이 이루어져야 한다. 토양 시료는 경기도 이천시의 배추 밭에서 정식 이후 16, 35, 48, 70일에 처리구별 각 3반복씩 채취하였다. 처리구는 N 기준 무처리구(Nil), NPK 비료 표준 시비량의 50% 처리구(Con), 100% 처리구(Inf), 그리고 표준 시비량의 50% 처리구에 음폐퇴비가 100%(C100), 200%(C200), 300%(C300) 추가된 처리구가 있다. 채취한 토양은 풍건 후 2 mm 체에 거르고 1:5 비율로 증류수 추출하였으며, Whatman No.2 필터를 사용하여 여과한 후 0.45 μm 실린지 필터로 재 여과하였다. 토양 추출액의 분석은 (주)테크넬 POCT 분석 키트를 사용하였다. 화학비료 처리구의 토양 중 Na의 농도비율은 생육기간 중 꾸준히 증가하는 경향이 있었다. 하지만 K의 농도비율은 시간이 지남에 따라 경시적 감소가 명확하였다. 음폐퇴비 처리구의 경우 토양 중 Na의 농도비율은 생육기간 중 증가하는 경향이었으며, 특히 퇴비 처리수준에 비례하여 높아졌다. Mg의 농도비율은 모든 처리구에서 비슷한 수준을 유지하였다. 모든 처리구에서 토양 중 K의 농도비율 감소는 Na 농도비율의 증가와 상관관계가 높았다.

하시모토 갑상선염을 동반한 갑상선 이형성증 1예

정현주,김예나,최영식,박요한 고신대학교 의과대학 2009 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.24 No.1

Thyroid hemiagenesis is a rare congenital anomaly, in which one thyroid lobe fails to develop. It is reported that thyroid hemiagenesis associated with thyroid diseases such as Graves' disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, colloidal goiter and thyroid follicular and papillary cancer. However, Thyroid hemiagenesis associated Hashimoto's thyroiditis haven't reported in Korea. A 31-year-old female patient was clinically hypothyroid with a left-sided goiter. Hemiagenesis of right thyroid lobe indicated on 99mTc pertechnete scan and later confirmed on ultrasonography. The authors report this case with literature review.

전격성 제1형 당뇨병 1예

노동현,김도형,김나래,박종선,이창헌,김미경,최영식 고신대학교의과대학 2007 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.22 No.2

전격성 제1형 당뇨병은 특발성 당뇨병환자에서 임상 경과가 짧고 진단 당시 심각한 대사 합병증을 동반하면서 췌장 효소 수치가 높고 췌도 특이 자가항체가 음성인 새로운 아형으로 알려져 있으며, 일본과 일본 외에서의 유병률에는 차이가 있는 것으로 보인다. 아직 전격성 제1형 당뇨병의 발생 기전은 명확하지 않으며 유전적 감수성이 있는 개체에서 바이러스 감염 등의 환경적인 인자와의 연관성이 가능한 병태생리로 제시되고 있으며 이에 대한 추가적인 연구가 요구된다. 저자들은 케톤산증으로 내원하여 전격성 제1형 당뇨병을 진단받은 증례를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고 하는 바이다. Some patients with idiopathic type 1 diabetes have a fulminant disorder characterized by the absence of insulitis and of diabetes-related antibodies, a remarkably abrupt onset and high serum pancreatic enzyme concentrations. This is referred to as fulminant type 1 diabetes. A 29-year-old man suffering from abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting consulted to our hospital. Laboratory findings revealed high blood glucose level and the evidence of diabetic ketoacidosis, but the serum HbA1c was normal nevertheless. The low level of plasma C-peptide indicated the loss of endogenous insulin secretion. The patient satisfied the criteria for the diagnosis of fulminant type 1 diabetes. After the patient has been treated with insulin, his symptoms were improved and abnormal laboratory data were normalized. We report this case with a review of the literature

Enhancement of H₂ production by genetically engineering a hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus onnurineus NA1

Min-Sik Kim(김민식),Seong Hyuk Lee(이성혁),AeRan Choi(최애란),Jeong-geol Na(나정걸),Tae Wan Kim(김태완),Hyun Sook Lee(이현숙),Sung Gyun Kang(강성균) 한국신재생에너지학회 2016 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.5

ATM 망을 이용한 캠퍼스 네트웍 구축 방안 연구

이양원,나현식,이택희 호남대학교 정보통신연구소 1996 정보통신연구 Vol.5 No.-

본 논문은 본교에 광역 캠퍼스 네트웍 구축시 사용할 수 있는 캠퍼스 네트웍 구축방안에 대한 연구 결과이다. 먼저 학교 특성에 맞는 요구 사항의 도출 및 현재의 네트웍 장비개발 기술현황 분석을 수행하였다. 그리고 본교의 LAN 설계시 중요 고려요소로는 멀티미디어의 실시간 정보 교환 기능과 지역 8개 대학간 원격교육에 대비하여 다수채널의 동영상 부하의 감당 능력, 학, 내이의 데이터 베이스 검색이 가능하도록 설계하였다. 요구사항을 실현하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 실시간 지원이 강력하고 대역폭이 넓어 요구 조건을 만족하는 ATM 기반의 망구조를 제시하였다. In this paper. we designed and proposed the Honam university's campus network using ATM(Asynchronous Transfer Module). we showed the specific differences between ATM and existing networks in view of performance and protocols. We confirmed that ATM is proper for our campus network which is going to transfer the multimedia, image and sound data in the near future. We suggested two campus networks. The first one is using two ATM switches which will be located in Engineering Hall(Building?8) and Computer center(Building?5) respectively, since we assumed that the data traffic is mainly occurred between two buildings, But In this case, the cost is too high. We suggested modified network which can reduce the cost and guarantee the speed performance. In this design we omitted the second ATM switch which will be installed on the engineering building. We used optical cable for cabling between buildings. But we used class 5 UTP(untwisted pair) cables for intra cabling in the building. We assigned that each professor's office is two ports and each lecture room is one port. So, totally, it needs about 2.200 ports. We assured that if this kind of network is implemented in the near future. it is possible to connect both the government's network highway and Korea satellite. Above all. it is able to implement the remote education between 8 regional universities using satellite network. Also it will help to get high degree in university evaluation which will be scheduled on 1998.

재관류하는 혈액의 조성 변화에 따른 부정맥의 양상

박금수,나흥식,남숙현 고려대학교 의과대학 1991 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.28 No.1

To determine the cause of genesis of reperfusion arrhythmias, the left anterior descending coronary artery was cannulated and perfused by a carotid-coronary bypass wlth slde branch in 29 open-chest pentobarbital-anesthetized cats . Ischemia was produced by shunt occlusion during 20min. Thereafter the side branch was opened and the ischemic myocardium reperfused with unmodified arterial blood (13 cats). acidlc blood(pH 6.73-7.10, 8 cats), hypocalcemic blood(Ca^(++) 0.13-0.37mM, 3 cats), and venous blood(PO_2, 29.5-47.ImmHg, 3 cats). Each group was evaluated with respect to the incidence of ventricular premature beats, ventricular tachycardia, and ventricular fibrillation and the onset time of first arrhythmia of each arrhythmia in cats. The incidence of ventricular tachycardia was much lower in the acidic reperfusion group (three of 8 cats,38%) than in the unmodilfed reperfusion group(eleven of 13 cats. 85%), (p<0.O5) hypocalcemic reperfuslon group(three of 3 cats. 100%), and hypoxic reperfusion group(three of 3 cats, 100% ). And the incidence of ventricular fibrillation was much lower in the acidic reperfusion group(none of 8 cats, 0%) than in the unmodified reperfusion group(eleven of 13 cats, 85%),(p<0.O5) hypocalcemic reperfusion group(three of 3 cats, 100%), and hypoxic reperfusion group(two of 3 cats, 67%). The onset time of ventricular premature beat and ventricular tachycardia is later in acidic reperfusion group(158.9 ± 117.5sec., 70.8±54.70sec. (mean±S.E) than unmodified reperfusion group(6.78±1.29sec., 24.7±7.5sec. (mean±S.E.)). These results indicate that acidic reperfusion can prevent reperfusion-induced arrhythmias, presumably owing to a reduction of Ca^(++) influx into cells through Na^(++) -Ca^(++) exchange.

Capsaicin이 성숙한 흰쥐의 통각반응과 open-field 행동에 미치는 영향

박순권,김현택,나흥식,홍승길 한국심리학회 한국심리학회지 생물 및 생리 Vol.7 No.1

성숙한 흰쥐에게 전신계로 투여한 capsaicin(150㎎/㎏)이 개방장(open-field)행동과 통각반응의 역치 및 반응잠재기에 미치는 효과를 알아보았다. 첫째, open-field행동에는 capsaicin의 효과가 관찰되지 않았는데 이것은 capsaicin이 흰쥐의 정서반응성과 운동기능에는 영향을 미치지 않음을 의미하는 것이다. 둘째, capsaicin 투여에 의해 열자극에 대한 앞발 및 뒷발핥기의 역치는 변화되지 않았으나, 뛰어오르기의 역치는 증가되었다. 또한 역치 이상의 열자극에 대한 뒷발핥기 반응의 잠재기도 capsaicin 투여에 의해 증가되었다. 이 결과는 비교적 약한 열자극에 대한 적응반응에는 capsaicin이 영향을 미치지 않으나 강한 열자극에 대한 대처반응에는 영향을 미치는 것으로 해석된다. We investigated the effects of capsaicin(s.c. 150㎎/㎏) on the open-field behaviors and the thresholds and latency of nociceptive responses in adult rats. Results are as follows. 1) Capsaicin did not affect open-field behaviors. It hints that capsaicin did not alter the emotionality and motor function of rats. 2) Whereas the threshold of jumping was elevated, those of fore and hind paw licking were not in animals treated with capsaicin. Capsaicin also enhanced hind paw licking latency to thermal stimulus over thershold in hot plate test. These results suggest that capsaicin affects the coping reaction to strong thermal stimulus, but not adaptive reaction to mild stimulus, in adult rats.

Capsaicin 사전 투여에 의한 흰쥐의 공격성 감소 및 자율적 체온조절의 결손

박순권,홍승길,나흥식,김현택 한국심리학회 한국심리학회지 생물 및 생리 Vol.7 No.1

capsaicin 사전 처치가 흰쥐의 공격성과 체온조절에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 생후 6주경에 capsaicin을 피하주사하였고, 완전히 성숙한 후에 공격성 및 체온조절 기능을 검사하였다. 실험 1의 공격성 검사 결과 capsaicin 처치동물들의 공격성은 통제동물보다 낮았는데, 이것은 선행 연구의 결과와 상반된다. 체온조절 기능을 알아본 실험 2에서는 capsaicin 처치동물들이 37℃ 및 40℃ 조건에서 과체온과 빠른 체온증가를 보여주었다. 이것은 출생 직후 또는 성숙한 후에 약물을 투여한 선행연구들과 일치되는 결과이다. 따라서 capsaicin이 체온조절에 미치는 영향은 투여 시기와 무관한 것 같다. 논의에서는 본 연구의 두 가지 결과를 시상하부와 관련시켜 해석하였다. The present study was designed to examine effects of capsaicin administration on aggressive behaviors and autonomic thermoregulation in rats. In six-week-old rat, capsaicin was injected subcutaneously on 4 consecutive days in increasing doses(20㎎/㎏, 30㎎/㎏, 30㎎/㎏, 50㎎/㎏) to total of 150㎎/㎏ of the drug. The controls were treated in the same way with vehicle alone. Two experments began six or eight weeks after the treatment. In experiment 1, isolation-induced agressive behaviors, scored a 10-min session in the dyadic situation, were significantly decreased by capsaicin pretreatment. This result was not in accord with the previous findings. In experiment 2, body temperature of the capsaicin-treated rats increased more than the control's at two amibient temperatures studied(37℃ and 40℃). Our result concerning thermoregulation supports the preceding studies that applied to the capsaicin-treated animals as neonate or adult. Thus, it is likely that the effect of capsaicin treatment on thermoregulation has nothing to do with the age of capsaicin injection. The capsaicin effects from this study were compared with hypothalamic lesion effects in the discussion part.