박영란의 <아라리 아라리오> 분석 연구

임효선 ( Lim¸ Hyosun ) 한국피아노교수법학회 2021 음악교수법연구 Vol.22 No.1

박영란은 한국의 대표적인 여성 작곡가 중 한명이다. 그는 화성적 색깔의 변화를 부각시킨 인상주의 음악과 리듬적 요소를 강조하는 20세기 작곡가들에게 영향을 받았다. 특히, 민족주의 음악 작곡가들에게 받은 영향으로 기존의 현대 음악과는 다른 자신만의 어법을 가지고 있다. 본 연구는 서양의 작곡기법과 한국적 전통을 결합한 그의 새로운 음악세계를 살펴보기 위해 정선아리랑의 국악 장단과 선율을 콜라보하여 작곡한 ‘아라리 아라리오’를 분석하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 서양의 대표 악기인 피아노와 사물놀이를 사용하여 서양 악기와 국악기의 혼합형 음향을 만들었다. 둘째, 삼채, 양산도, 세마치, 자진모리, 휘모리장단 등 다양한 한국의 장단을 원형 혹은 변형장단으로 재구성하여 작품 안에 담고 있다. 셋째, 우리 민요의 선율에 서양음악의 음악어법인 다양한 변박, 악상 등을 사용하여 원형의 민요선율보다 더욱 극적인 효과를 만들었다. 넷째, 작품의 내면에 우리 음악의 특징인 첫 음을 강하게 표현하고 있어 우리 음악만이 가지고 있는 특성을 간직하고 있었다. 이는 모두 세계인들에게 우리 음악의 특징과 우월성을 보이려고 시도한 그만의 독특한 어법이었다. 마지막으로 이런 분석을 넘어 이 작품에 대한 연주 경험을 토대로 서양음악과 우리 음악이 콜라보 된 작품을 연주할 때 필요한 연주기법을 제언하였다. 본 연구를 통해서 한국 음악의 세계화를 위한 디딤돌이 되기를 기대해본다. Park Yongnan is one of Korea’s leading female composers who was influenced both by Impressionistic music that made harmonic color-change prominent, and by 20th-cenutry composers who emphasized rhythmic elements. Based on the influences from Korean nationalistic composers, she creates her own musical language different from that of other contemporary music. This study analyzed ‘Arari Arario’ which was composed by combining Jeongseon Arirang’s Gugak rhythm and its melody to examine her unique world of music that combines both western composition techniques and Korean traditional composition techniques. The results of this study are as follows. First, a mixture of sound was created through a western instrument of a piano and traditional Korean instruments of Samulnori. Second, various Korean rhythms, such as Samchae, Yangsando, Semachi, Jajinmori were reconstructed into circular or modified rhythms in this piece. Third, Western musical techniques such as various rhythms, dynamics, and harmonic colors were applied in the traditional Korean melody to create more dramatic effects than the original melody. Fourth, the first sound in inner of ‘Arari Arario’ was highly represented, which is a unique characteristics only traditional Korean music retains. Implementing such unique musical techniques and languages were Park’s attempts to showcase all people around the world the characteristics and superiority of the traditional Korean music. Along with the findings as above, this paper also shares some of the performing techniques necessary in performing pieces that combine the Western music and the traditional Korean music based on the experience of performing this piece. Lastly, it is to be hoped that this study will serve as a steppingstone for the globalization of Korean music.

토니 모리슨의 『술라』에 나타난 흑인 모성의 양가성

이효선 ( Lee¸ Hyo-sun ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2013 영어권문화연구 Vol.6 No.2

This paper is to clarify the ambivalence of black motherhood in terms of the mother-son relationship between Eva and Plum in Toni Morrison's Sula. In Sula, the maternal roles of black mothers are radically different compared to that of white mothers. Black mothers struggle to survive under the slavery, poverty, and absence of father and husband. Under the poor circumstance, the central duty of black mothers are to protect physically and preserve their children from danger and death. They practise their motherhood to keep safe, to secure food, and to protect their children. Also they protect children from the hurts of the racist and sexist culture, and teach their children how to protect themselves so they can resist the patriarchal culture. This study analyzes the maternal practice of Eva in two different scenes of the Eva and Plum. In the first scene, Eva save baby Plum from life-threatening constipation by shoving the last bit of food she had up his ass, and in the second scene, Eva kills Plum because she can't stand for his drug addiction. Many critics debate on the positive and negative maternal acts of the ambiguous perspective on Eva's murder of Plum. Some critics interpret Eva's murder of Plum as the preservative love for children's survival under the slavery experience, but the others condemn Eva's murder of Plum as the mimicry of the paternal violence. In this paper, I suggest that Eva kills her son to protect him against the self-degradation derived from the racist and patriarchal society. I claim that Eva's murder of his son is to save his life with preserving love of motherhood, which is the same as the first scene in which Eva cuts her leg to get the money for sparing Plum's life from the extreme starvation and disease.

한중국제결혼 부부의 결혼생활 경험에 관한 질적 연구

이효선 ( Lee¸ Hyo Sun ),최정숙 ( Choi¸ Jung Sook ) 한국가족사회복지학회 2021 한국가족복지학 Vol.68 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 중국여성결혼이민자와 한국인 남편으로 구성된 한중국제결혼 부부의 결혼생활 경험의 내용과 의미를 남편과 아내의 내부자 관점을 통해 이해하는 데에 있다. 이는 다문화가족, 특히 한중국제결혼 부부의 결혼의 질 및 결혼안정성을 지원할 수 있는 정책 및 서비스 개발을 위한 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것이다. 연구참여자는 결혼생활 10년 이상된 한중 국제결혼부부 3쌍(6명)으로, 심층면담을 통해 자료를 수집하였으며 Giorgi 현상학적 연구방법으로 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 한중국제결혼 부부의 결혼생활 경험은 7개의 구성요소, 18개의 하위 구성요소, 82개의 의미 단위로 분석되었다. 최종 도출된 구성요소는 ‘한중 결혼으로 갖게 된 서로에 대한 엇갈린 기대와 차이’, ‘다문화 부부로서 느끼는 신혼 초기의 복합적인 어려움’, ‘아내 홀로 고군분투’, ‘자녀 양육에 대한 남편의 무관심으로 지쳐가는 아내’, ‘가부장적 문화와 시댁의 중국 며느리에 대한 편견으로 인한 충돌’, ‘지금도 우린 다르다’, ‘한중 부부여서 가질 수 있는 이점’이었다. 연구 결과를 바탕으로 한중국제결혼 부부가 질 높고 안정적인 결혼생활을 할 수 있도록 결혼과정에서 지원이 필요한 사항과 가부장적 가치를 포함한 사회적 인식에 대한 제언을 하였고, 다문화 부부와 가족이 가진 강점의 활용과 확장 필요성을 함의로 제시하였다. The purpose of this research is to understand the contents and the significance of the experiences of marital life in Korean-Chinese international couples consisting of Chinese female marriage immigrants and Korean husbands through the narratives of the husband and the wife. The analysis may be used as base material for development of policies and services for the enhancement of marital quality and stability in multi-cultural families, especially in Korean-Chinese couples. The participants were 3 Korean-Chinese couples (6 persons) married for 10 or more years. The data were acquired from in-depth interviews and the Giorgi’s phenomenological analytic method was used for analysis. The results of the analysis consisted of 7 components,, 18 subcomponents, and 82 semantic units. The final components were ‘Disagreeing expectations and differences derived from the Korean-Chinese marriage’, ‘Multifaceted difficulties of the multi-cultural newly weds’, ‘Unsupported struggles of the wife’, ‘Exhaustion from the husband’s indifference on child rearing’, ‘Conflicts stemming from the patriarchal culture and the prejudices of the in-laws about the Chinese daughter in-law’, ‘We are still different’, and the ‘Benefits of the Korean-Chinese couple’. Based on the results, suggestions for the marital support and the social perception including the patriarchal values have been proposed. The strengths of the multi-cultural couple and family and the necessity of utilization and expansion of available assets have been discussed.

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