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일반 아동과 지적장애 아동의 의미단서에 따른 빠른 연결 능력 비교
이효미(Hyo Mi Lee),최예린(Yae Lin Choi) 한국언어치료학회 2011 言語治療硏究 Vol.20 No.1
Normal children between the ages of two and five learn words rapidly. One hypothesis explaining this vocabulary acquisition speed is fast-mapping which means an understanding process of an initial word by finding out the subject a word points at least exposure and combining phonological code of the word. In contrast, children with mental retardation have difficulties in learning new words and therefore have smaller vocabularies compared to normal children of the same mental age. In addition, children with mental retardation may have problems acquiring words due to a limit of necessary knowledge necessary for understanding linguistic contexts. Variables influencing fast-mapping are stimulation frequency, visual cues, phonological cues, semantic cues, and linguistic characteristics of new words. Therefore, this study aimed to look into fast-mapping according to semantic cues of children with mental retardation. The subjects of the study were children including children with the mental age of four and normal children who coincided with the same mental age. The fast-mapping task was performed according to three semantic cue conditions: no-cue, morphologic semantic cues, and functional semantic cues. The results of the test are as follows. First, fast-mapping of the two groups showed a statistically significant difference. Second, the two groups showed no significant difference in fast-mapping according to each semantic cue conditions while the condition without cues had the highest scores in the fast mapping task of normal children, and semantic cues and functional semantic cues had the highest scores of the group with mental retardation. Third, fast-mapping by each group’s semantic cues showed statistically significant differences according to cue conditions. Through these results, semantic cues were effective for fast-mapping, and fast-mapping showed there was no difference between normal children and children with mental retardation.