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복합문화공간의 색채계획 : 수원시 영통구 상업지구를 중심으로
서주환,여화선,최선주,박선영,김옥경,승지현,김홍균 경희대학교 부설 디자인연구원 2007 예술· 디자인학연구 Vol.10 No.1
The recognition on leisure living which have been enjoyed by prestige level from popular persons is now widely spreaded in modern capitalism society and change of the leisure living influenced very much to the society and Industry. The 5 day work per week system expanded to the school and contemporary leisure living of the people is recognised as one culture with various contents. This change of leisure living made a recognition on the need for a space for leisure culture contents, which related to a creation of Complex-culture facility to contain various type of multiple leisure culture. The Complex-culture facility is mainly focused on the entertainment space with increased leisure living, which is consist of important element of the Complex-culture facility as performance space, exhibition, sports and shopping space to construct performance hall, theater, exhibition room, sports center, shopping mall, leisure space and plaza. This study, therefore, will Investigate on the function and value of color, and review on the cases of Complex-cultural facility and then choose a space of cultural element lack. It will recompose in Complex-cultural facility.
정균화(Gyun Hwa Jung) 한국증권학회 2013 한국증권학회지 Vol.42 No.4
비교적 활발한 연구가 이루어진 주식분할과는 달리 주식병합에 대한 학계의 실증연구는 상대적으로 빈약하였다. 본 연구는 2000년 이후 이루어진 우리나라 상장기업의 주식병합의 실태를 분석하고 주식병합의 명시적인 목적과 그 실현여부를 주식병합에 대한 시장반응을 중심으로 분석하고 있다. 또 자발적 주식병합에 대한 시장반응이 80년대 말에 실시된 강제적 주식병합과 어떤 차별적양상을 보이는지 분석하고, 해외연구 결과와도 비교한다. 실증분석 결과 미국이나 80년대 말 우리나라의 강제적 주식병합과는 달리 주식병합정보가 공시시점이나 병합주식의 신규상장 초일에는 시장에서 부정적으로 받아들여지지 않았다. 그러나 신규상장 직후부터는 병합기업의 주가가 한 달간에 걸쳐 유의적인 음(-)의 초과수익률을 보였으며 병합기업의 경영성과가 병합 후에 더 나빠진 것으로 나타나 미국에서와 마찬가지로 부정적인 신호가설이 부분적으로 지지되었다. 다만 시장이 장기적으로는 주식병합에 대하여 부정적 반응을 함에도 불구하고 공시일이나 신규상장 첫날 양의 초과수익률을 보인 것은 우리나라 주식시장이 주식병합정보에 대해서는 지연반응을 보인 것으로 해석할 수 있다. 신규상장일 이후에 나타나는 초과수익률에는 병합기업의 수익성 변수가 유의적인 양(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 드러나 수익성이 높을수록 주식병합에 대한 시장의 부정적인 반응이 작은 것으로 나타났다. 주식병합 후에 거래량은 병합발효일 직후에는 다소 증가하였다가 그 이후 감소하는 양상을 보였으나 유의하지는 않았다. 또한 주가의 변동성은 병합 후에 다소 증가하였다. 따라서 과잉유통주식수의 축소에 의한 주가안정화의 도모라는 주식병합의 또 다른 공식적인 목적도 달성되지 못한 것으로 나타났다. This paper aims to investigate the market reactions to reverse stock splits both in terms of price and volume. Since reverse splits are rare phenomena compared with the stock splits, few studies have been carried out regarding reverse splits, either domestically or internationally. In Korea, there are only two articles about compulsory reverse splits following the changes in commercial law in the late 1980s. In order to look into the market reactions to reverse stock splits, we examine 44 reverse splits completed since 2000. The main findings are as follows: First, unlike the reverse splits done in the US, no negative market reactions appear either on the day of announcement or the effective date. However, a significant negative response appears immediately after the effective date which lasts at least one month thereafter. One month CAR reaches minus 14%, which is more prominent in the Kosdaq market than in the KOSPI market. This result supports the negative signalling effect proposed by Redcliff and Gillespie (1979) and is consistent with most previous findings done in the US. Second, the CAR after the effective date is positively related with the profitability of the reverse split firms, which means the market responds less negatively to the more profitable firms. Third, the profitability of reverse split firms is relatively poor and it worsens after the splits, which is another evidence supporting the negative signalling effect. Fourth, after the split, there is no significant changes in the trading volume while the variability of stock price marginally increases. Therefore one of the two main stated goals of a reverse split, i.e. maintaining price stability by lessening excessive trading volume, does not seem to be achieved.
Speed Estimation and Control of Induction Motor Drive using Hybrid Intelligent Control
HONG-GYUN LEE,JUNG-CHUL LEE,YOUNG-SIL LEE,SU-MYEONG NAM,DONG-HWA CHUNG 전력전자학회 2004 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.- No.-
A precise control of induction motor over wide speed range is an engineering challenge. This paper considers the design and implementation of novel technique of speed estimation and control for induction motor using hybrid intelligent control. The hybrid combination of neural network and adaptive fuzzy control will produce a powerful representation flexibility and numerical processing capability. Also, this paper is proposed speed control of induction motor using adaptive neural network fuzzy(A-NNF) and estimation of speed using artificial neural network(ANN) controller. The back propagation neural network technique is used to provide a real time adaptive estimation of the motor speed.<br/> The error between the desired state variable and the actual one is back-propagated to adjust the rotor speed, so that the actual state variable will coincide with the desired one. The back propagation mechanism is easy to derive and the estimated speed tracks precisely the actual motor speed.
Growth Profile and Toxigenicity of Bacillus cereus in Ready-to-eat Food Products of Animal Origin
Mi Hwa Oh,Jun Sang Ham,Kuk Hwan Seol,Aera Jang,Seung Gyu Lee,Jong Moon Lee,Beom Young Park,Eun Sil Kang,Ki Sung Kwon,In Gyun Hwang 한국축산식품학회 2011 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.31 No.1
The growth profile of Bacillus cereus in ready-to-eat (RTE) food products of animal origin was examined under different temperature and incubation conditions. In sandwiches and Kimbab, B. cereus did not grow or exhibited only minimal growth at 4 and 10℃, but it grew rapidly at ambient temperature. In sandwiches, B. cereus did not grow efficiently at 25℃, however, in ham, the main ingredient of sandwiches, B. cereus growth was observed at the same temperature, with bacterial levels reaching 7.94 Log CFU/g after incubation for 24 h at 25℃. Toxigenicity of B. cereus was observed only at temperatures above 25℃. In Kimbab, B. cereus produced toxin after 9 h at 30℃ and after 12 h at 25℃. Ingredients of sandwiches and Kimbab were collected from 3 different Korean food-processing companies to investigate the source of contamination by B. cereus. Among the 13 tested food items, 6 items including ham were found to be contaminated with B. cereus. Of these ingredients, B. cereus isolates from 3 items produced enterotoxins. None of these isolates harbored the emetic toxin-producing gene. The findings of the present study can be used for risk assessments of food products, including ham and cheese, contaminated with B. cereus.