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Maeng, Sung Kyu,You, Song Hee,Nam, Joo-Youn,Ryu, Hodon,Timmes, Thomas C.,Kim, Hyun-Chul Elsevier 2018 Water research Vol.134 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This study achieves a better operational simplicity for the phycoremediation of reverse osmosis (RO) concentrate using <I>Scenedesmus quadricauda</I> microalgae. Under continuous illumination with CO<SUB>2</SUB> supplementation, algal growth in the RO concentrate resulted in a conversion of polymeric organic matter (a mixture of humic substances and polysaccharides) to biodegradable fractions and their prompt removal along with inorganic nutrients (NO<SUB>3</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP> and PO<SUB>4</SUB> <SUP>3−</SUP>). The algal-induced degradation of humic-like substances which are typically refractory to microbial decomposition was demonstrated in an indirect manner. In this study, we also investigated the effects of algal treatment on the growth of <I>Escherichia coli</I> and removal of trace organic compounds (TOrCs) from the RO concentrate. Our results indicate that algal treatment of the RO concentrate using aeration with 10% (v/v) CO<SUB>2</SUB> under continuous illumination is highly feasible as a safe and inexpensive technology to remove non- or slowly-biodegradable organic matter, reduce enteric bacteria, and attenuate TOrCs in wastewater. However, the results should not be generalized, but critically discussed, due to limitations of using the synthetic RO concentrate in evaluating the performance of wastewater remediation with microalgae.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> <I>S. quadricauda</I> is capable of utilizing carbonaceous organics under aerated conditions. </LI> <LI> Continuous light stimulated the microalga to improve the biodegradability of organics. </LI> <LI> <I>S. quadricauda</I> successfully removed colored refractory organics along with N & P. </LI> <LI> The algal treatment is also promising to reduce <I>E. coli</I> and trace organic chemicals. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>