Einwanderung und Einwanderungspolitik in Argentinien : dritter Abschnitt, zweiter Teil, Kapitel I bis III

Hiller, Georg D. Reimer 1912 국내석사

Science and literary culture during Spain's Edad de Plata (1923--1936)

Hiller, Anna Eva University of California, Berkeley 2010 해외박사(DDOD)

"Science and Literary Culture during Spain's Edad de Plata (1923 -- 1936)" is a five-chapter study of the dissemination, expression and manipulation of scientific ideas within Avant-garde literature. In it I advance the hypothesis that science and its associated imagery served as a metaphor for the process of modernity and modernization in Spain. I begin the study with a history of the unique trajectory of Spanish science as it developed between the Enlightenment and the outbreak of the Civil War in 1936. Thus established the historical grounding, I take up two of the main organs of cultural production in the 1920s and 1930s, Jose Ortega y Gasset's Revista de Occidente and Ernesto Gimenez Caballero's La Gaceta Literaria, examining the presence and presentation of overt scientific content therein. Based on my findings within the periodicals, I then construct a discursive framework that establishes the way in which scientific discoveries and ideas of progress were both embraced and critiqued by the Spanish avant-garde, I conclude the dissertation with two chapters dedicated to the examination of a specific literary corpus, comprised of a variety of genres and authors, whose construction of science as a cultural phenomenon is symptomatic of the wider discussion(s) of modernity and its implications for Spain both internally and internationally. In the final analysis, I approach works by Pedro Salinas (Vispera del gozo), Federico Garcia Lorca (Asi que pasen cinco anos and Poeta en Nueva York), Jorge Guillen (Cantico), Rafael Alberti ( Cal y canto and Sobre los angeles), Ramon Gomez de la Serna ("El dueno del atomo), and Valentin Andres Alvarez ("Telaranas en el cielo" and ¡Tarari...!) using a scientific lens based on the princples of Einsteinian physics, quantum theory, and the controversy over the rise in importance of technology during the early 20th century. My principal conclusion is that science was a vital part of cultural discourse during these years, and that by examining the ways in which scientific ideas were disseminated and transformed by literary production, we can understand more clearly the aesthetic, social and---as a consequence of these---the ideological complexion of the era in question.

New materials for multilayer mirrors in the extreme ultraviolet region

Hiller, Uli The University of Arizona 2002 해외박사(DDOD)

Near normal incidence multilayer mirrors are optical elements that are suitable for the extreme ultraviolet wavelength (EUV) region where applications include lithography, astronomy, and microscopy. Multilayer mirrors are made from alternating layers of two materials, called the “absorber” and “spacer,” with the thickness of the layers designed such that reflections from each interface add in phase resulting in a large overall reflectivity. The criteria I used for the selection of six new material pairs included achieving the maximum theoretical reflectivity while taking into consideration the possible structural properties of the interfaces based on binary phase diagrams. The pairs were: C-Cu, B₄C-Ag, B₄C-Sn, Y-Pd, Be-Mo, and Be-Y. My experimental results on sputtered C-Cu and B₄C-Ag multilayers showed that they are not suitable as mirror materials due to the formation of discontinuous layers of Cu and Ag for small bilayer periods Λ. I also found it not possible to sputter tin films with small enough interfacial roughness values that would result in useful B₄C-Sn mirrors. My analysis of Y-Pd multilayers showed asymmetric alloying at the interfaces with an approximately 40 Å thick alloy region at the Y on Pd interface which would result in negligible mirror reflectivity. I used one of our molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) machines to attempt to grow single crystal Be-Mo mirrors. Although my attempts were unsuccessful to date, this combination cannot be excluded due to various problems with the MBE sample manipulator during the growth study. Finally I used the same MBE machine to grow Be-Y mirrors with up to 40 bilayers. These multilayers had extremely smooth interfaces (σ = 3.5–4.5 Å) with a predicted mirror reflectivity larger than 65%. I found the stability of the Be-Y interfaces to be excellent under atmospheric long term storage. An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) annealing study I conducted also showed stable interfaces for temperatures of up to 200°C. Be-Y mirrors should be suitable for a variety of applications including EUV-lithography.

Justification and moral value: Martin Luther on good, evil, and the moral self

Hiller, Timothy M The University of Chicago 2016 해외박사(DDOD)

This dissertation argues that Martin Luther provides a framework for contemplating evil in its diverse manifestations, offers a profound account of faith in the goodness of God, and also affirms and rejoices in the multiplicity of values in creation. Luther's ability to hold these positions in tension depends on the dialectical interrelationship between three concepts: first, a new concept of faith grounded in the promise of God; second, a theological distinction between creation and justification in which creation maintains its own integrity against distinctively Christian claims about justification; third, a concept of sin and evil based on both the lived experience of evil and theological reflections on the depth of sin and the hiddenness of God. The interplay of these three concepts allows Luther to confront the horrors of evil while maintaining a profound faith in God's goodness, even beyond human comprehension. The dissertation traces how these positions develop and transform in Luther's mature thought.

Theoretical Foundations for Understanding the Meaning Potentials of Rhythm in Improvisation

Hiller, James Temple University 2011 해외박사(DDOD)

This study is a theoretical inquiry into the meaning potentials of rhythm in improvisation, with implications for improvisational music therapy. A review of music therapy literature regarding assessment and treatment reveals that improvisation is a widely applied music therapy method, but that rhythm---found universally in all forms of clinical improvisational processes---has received little attention. Theories from the areas of music philosophy, psychology of music, social psychology of music, musicological studies of jazz, and music therapy are explicated and implications for potential meanings of rhythm for improvisation and improvisational music therapy are described. Concepts that are foundational to the ways that the various theories find meaning in music include symbolism, metaphorical conceptualization, and interpersonal interactions. Theoretical foci for analysis include improvised rhythm (i.e., the rhythmic products), an improviser or co-improviser's processes while playing, and the perspective of a listener. Differences between solo improvisation and co-improvisation processes are considered. An integral theory of rhythm in improvisation is proposed along with clinical implications. Potential benefits of the study for music therapy and musicology are proposed and considerations for future investigations regarding the topics of rhythm and improvisation are articulated.

Effects of Federal and State Bullying Laws on Religiously Affiliated Schools

Hiller, Dawn W University of South Carolina ProQuest Dissertation 2019 해외박사(DDOD)

This is a qualitative multiple case study of two religious-affiliated, independent schools in Trippler, South Carolina. The topic of this study is Effects of Federal and State Bullying Laws on Religiously Affiliated Schools. The research was comprised of open-ended questions posed to individuals involved in the disciplinary actions of the students at the two schools.This study shows that the religious-affiliated, independent schools consult many different entities to develop and formulate their policies. As both schools stated, their handbook of policies is a living document that can and will change as society changes, necessitating the evolution of their policies. They are not bound to the secular rules but do attempt to stay abreast of those rules and stay within the boundaries for liability standards.Analysis of all data revealed four common themes that were compiled from document review, interview analysis, and environment observations. The themes were faith, respect, restorative, and safety. Limitations and suggestions for further research on this topic are provided in the Conclusion.

"Bodies that tell": Physiognomy, criminology, race and gender in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Italian literature and opera

Hiller, Jonathan Robert University of California, Los Angeles 2009 해외박사(DDOD)

This dissertation explores the impact of Cesare Lombroso and the positivist school of criminal anthropology on Italian literature and opera in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The first chapter traces the rise of positivist science in late nineteenth-century Italy within the context of building Italian national consciousness. It explores Lombroso's dominant role in Italian positivism, showing the methods that Lombroso used to successfully assert himself as the most important scientist and indeed intellectual of his era. The chapter ends with a discussion of why the theories promulgated by Lombroso and his school were particularly appealing to authors of literature and opera. The second chapter analyzes criminal anthropology's direct interventions into literary criticism, focusing on four positivist analyses of the poet Leopardi. It demonstrates that Lombroso and his disciples made a conscious effort to knock Leopardi off the pedestal upon which Francesco De Sanctis had ensconced him in favor of Giosue Carducci, a poet who better fit their mold of progressivism. The four remaining chapters examine how specific authors and composers were impacted by Lombroso and criminal anthropology. The third chapter analyzes the Lombrosian presence in Giovanni Verga's short stories, focusing on manifestations of Lombroso's criminal and prostitute in Verga's Vita dei campi. The fourth chapter instead examines the spiritualistic tales of Luigi Capuana, an author who entered into a friendly debate with Lombroso which lasted a quarter of a century regarding the nature of the spirit world. The fifth chapter is on two operas. The first, Verdi and Arrigo Boito's Otello, is an opera in which the portrayal of the protagonist is distinctly informed by Lombroso's racist ideology. The second, Mascagni and Daspuro's L'amico Fritz, is similarly molded by Lombroso's conflicted writings on Jews and gypsies. The last chapter examines Grazia Deledda's problematic relationship to criminal anthropology, which she encountered early in her life through exposure to the ethnographic surveys of Sardinia by Lombrosian anthropologists Paolo Orano and Alfredo Niceforo. It shows that the presence of positivist criminology in her works was more long-lived than critics have let on.

An examination of leadership beliefs and leadership self-identity: Constructs, correlates, and outcomes

Hiller, Nathan J The Pennsylvania State University 2005 해외박사(DDOD)

The way we think about ourselves as leaders and what we believe leadership to be are important guides of subsequent thoughts and actions in the leadership domain. In two separate studies, measures of self-representations in the domain of leadership (leadership self-identity) and views about the nature of leadership (orientation toward leadership) were developed and examined in a sample of undergraduates and a sample of medical center employees. Among the student sample, possessing a leadership self-identity was related to previous leadership experience, core self-evaluations, motivation to lead, and self-monitoring. The three dimensions of leadership orientation (dominance, development, and shared) were differentially related to individualism and collectivism dimensions. In the medical center sample, results of hierarchical linear modeling showed no main effects of supervisor leadership self-identity on leadership potential or leader-member exchange. In several cases, however, leadership self-identity of supervisors interacted with leadership orientation in predicting ratings of subordinate leadership potential. Interest in leadership development was related to leadership identity and leadership orientation through both main and interaction effects. These results provide some evidence that both self-identity around leadership and cognitive beliefs about the nature of leadership need to be examined in order to better understand leadership phenomena.

Land-use patterns and population characteristics of white-tailed deer in an agro-forest ecosystem in south-central Michigan

Hiller, Tim L Michigan State University 2007 해외박사(DDOD)

Assessments of demographics and space use are important for habitat and harvest management of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). These population characteristics often vary across a landscape, and by age (e.g., fawn, yearling, adult) and sex class. Knowledge of demographics and space use of young fawns is particularly limited, despite the potential for recruitment having a relatively large influence on deer population dynamics. My objectives were to describe age-specific survival, cause-specific mortality, and space use in an agro-forest ecosystem undergoing increasing urbanization (i.e., increasing housing developments, increasing human population) in south central Michigan. I captured, radiomarked, and monitored 66 deer during winter and 34 neonates during spring 2004 2006. Annual survival varied by age class (fawn = 0.51, yearling = 0.94, adult = 0.56), and annually based sources of mortality were primarily vehicle collisions (fawns) and hunter-harvest (adults). Two- and 6-month post-capture survival estimates of neonates were 81% and 67%, respectively, and canids caused most mortalities during both time periods. Yearlings had larger seasonal home ranges (agricultural growing season: x¯ = 201.8 ha +/- 91.1 SE; non-growing season: x¯ = 156.9 ha +/- 28.2 SE) than either fawns (60.2 ha +/- 14.1; 116.3 ha +/- 20.6) or adults (77.5 ha +/- 9.6; 140.4 ha +/- 23.4). Home ranges for fawns 0-2 months old averaged 40.9 ha (range = 2.7-166.8), with conifers and lowland deciduous forests selected in proportions higher than available on the study area. Adult female deer had relatively small home ranges compared to deer in other Michigan studies indicating that their habitat components were readily available. Additionally, this sex-age class is of primary interest to managers desiring to reduce high deer numbers. To describe cover selection of adult female white-tailed deer (n = 20), I used a multi-scale approach by varying definitions of cover use and availability. The number of cover types assigned as selected decreased from coarse (landscape) to fine (within home range) scales. Two cover types (conifers, upland deciduous forests) were consistently ranked as the most important regardless of scale. I used the concept of usable space (i.e., "ideal" permanent cover situations) to describe a potentially more accurate biological representation (compared to traditional home-range estimators) of space use by adult female white-tailed deer. Fixed-kernel home-range estimates might misrepresent space use by including cover types with no location estimates (i.e., no evidence of use). Usable space estimates (ha) were approximately 75% that of kernel home ranges, and were dominated (∼87% of area) by upland deciduous forest, lowland shrub, agriculture, and coniferous cover types. Under the assumption that deer densities are positively correlated with the amount of usable space, several cover conversion scenarios (i.e., habitat manipulation) would theoretically change deer abundance on an area of interest by changing the amount of usable space. Knowledge of age-specific deer demographics and addressing deer-habitat management issues through a multi-scale perspective and a usable-space approach are both relatively recent but seemingly useful concepts that also have relevance to population ecology of deer and other wildlife species.

Development of mechanistic-empirical principles for jointed plain concrete pavement fatigue design

Hiller, Jacob Eskel University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 2007 해외박사(DDOD)

In an attempt to better understand and predict concrete pavement behavior, the incorporation of material and climatic factors in mechanistic-empirical design methods is fast becoming a necessity. With the wide range of climatic regions in the United States, the inclusion of localized factors can have a profound effect on the observed critical distresses and fatigue life of rigid, pavements. A mechanistic analysis and design software (RadiCAL) was developed employing an influence line approach in conjunction with Miner's Hypothesis to calculate the fatigue damage at numerous locations in the slab for typical jointed plain concrete pavement sections. Permanent built-in curling of concrete slabs, stress range-based concrete fatigue transfer functions, and the inclusion of self-equilibrating stresses from non-linear temperature profiles were found to have considerable effects on the predicted location and magnitude of concrete fatigue damage. A parameter named NOLA (Non-Linear Area) was developed and implemented in RadiCAL to provide a simple, visual method to account for these self-equilibrating stresses that are readily ignored in pavement analyses. Top-down and bottom-up transverse, longitudinal, and corner cracking were found to be critical fatigue mechanisms depending on the pavement geometry, climatic zone, and material parameters selected. These results are in contrast to the assumed bottom-up, mid-slab transverse cracking mechanisms, which are exclusively predicted using traditional mechanistic-empirical techniques. These predicted fatigue failure modes and locations correspond well to the wide variety of observed fatigue cracking patterns on existing rigid pavements sections in California and show promise for calibration and design adaptation in other regions as well. Results show that the use of doweled transverse joints will reduce the likelihood of these alternative cracking mechanisms significantly. The exception to this is with the use of widened slabs where the predominant predicted fatigue cracking mechanism in RadiCAL remains longitudinal cracking regardless of load transfer levels at the transverse joint.