Failure of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in a Three-Year-Old Child with Severe Refractory Ulcerative Colitis

Kumagai, Hideki,Yokoyama, Koji,Imagawa, Tomoyuki,Inoue, Shun,Tulyeu, Janyerkye,Tanaka, Mamoru,Yamagata, Takanori The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology 2016 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.19 No.3

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a treatment designed to correct gut dysbiosis by administration of feces from a healthy volunteer. It is still unclear whether FMT for children with ulcerative colitis (UC) is effective or hazardous. Here we describe a young patient to have received FMT for UC. A three-year-old girl was admitted to our hospital with severe active UC, and treated with aminosalicylates and various immunosuppressive drugs. As remission was not achieved, we decided to try FMT before colectomy. We administered donor fecal material a total of six times by retention enema (${\times}2$) and via a nasoduodenal tube (${\times}4$) within 10 days. The patient developed abdominal pain and pyrexia after each FMT session. Analyses revealed the transferred donor fecal microbiota had not been retained by the patient, who ultimately underwent colectomy. The severity of the UC and/or timing of FMT may have partly accounted for the poor outcome.

Failure of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in a Three-Year-Old Child with Severe Refractory Ulcerative Colitis

Hideki Kumagai,Koji Yokoyama,Tomoyuki Imagawa,Shun Inoue,Janyerkye Tulyeu,Mamoru Tanaka,Takanori Yamagata 대한소아소화기영양학회 2016 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.19 No.3

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a treatment designed to correct gut dysbiosis by administration of feces from a healthy volunteer. It is still unclear whether FMT for children with ulcerative colitis (UC) is effective or hazardous. Here we describe a young patient to have received FMT for UC. A three-year-old girl was admitted to our hospital with severe active UC, and treated with aminosalicylates and various immunosuppressive drugs. As remission was not achieved, we decided to try FMT before colectomy. We administered donor fecal material a total of six times by retention enema (×2) and via a nasoduodenal tube (×4) within 10 days. The patient developed abdominal pain and pyrexia after each FMT session. Analyses revealed the transferred donor fecal microbiota had not been retained by the patient, who ultimately underwent colectomy. The severity of the UC and/or timing of FMT may have partly accounted for the poor outcome.

Study on Squeezing Control of Regenerative Power on Yamanote Line Series E231 Train in DC Traction Power Supply System

Kosuke Kumagai,Tetsuo Fujita,Masashi Nakahira,Yoshiki Mizuguchi,Hideki Sonoda 전력전자학회 2015 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2015 No.6

To reduce the environmental impact of the DC power system of the East Japan Railway Company (JREAST), it is important to have effective regenerative energy transfer from one train to another. In this paper, a simultaneous measurement between a Yamanote Line Series E231 train and the adjacent substations was conducted. From these measurements, the correlation between squeezing control of regenerative power in the train and behavior of the substations was confirmed. Also, to consider minimizing the total squeezing control of regenerative power we studied the total of squeezing control of regenerative power from the data at the substations.

Accurate Determination of Childhood Food Allergy Prevalence and Correction of Unnecessary Avoidance

Yuki Okada,Takumi Yamashita,Hideki Kumagai,Yoshihiko Morikawa,Akira Akasawa 대한천식알레르기학회 2017 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.9 No.4

Purpose: Because the true prevalence of food allergy (FA), as based on the results of an oral food challenge test (OFC), is unknown, it is likely that children with suspected FA unnecessarily eliminate potentially causative foods. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of FA and to determine the proportion of children who unnecessarily eliminate food. Methods: To identify children with FA, a primary survey was conducted via a questionnaire with all children aged 0-18 years in Niijima village (remote islands of Japan). In the secondary survey, a detailed medical interview was conducted by doctors with children who currently did not eat some foods. The third survey involved serum food-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) tests and an OFC for children with suspected FA. Results: Of 376 enrolled children, 374 (99.5%) completed the questionnaire. Some foods were eliminated by 18.6% and 13.0% of all children and those ≥6 years old, respectively. The target population for the secondary survey included 69 children who all completed the medical interview. The target population for the third survey consisted of 35 children, of whom 26 (74.3%) underwent the blood test. An OFC was performed 35 times with 20 children. As a result, the prevalence of FA was 4.9% in children of all ages and 4.7% in those ≥6 years old. Moreover, 55.0% children were able to cease eliminating food intake. Conclusions: It is possible that a considerable number of children unnecessarily eliminate food because of suspected FA.

Successful Use of the Hybrid Assistive Limb for Care Support to Reduce Lumbar Load in a Simulated Patient Transfer

Miura Kousei,Kadone Hideki,Abe Tetsuya,Koda Masao,Funayama Toru,Noguchi Hiroshi,Kumagai Hiroshi,Nagashima Katsuya,Mataki Kentaro,Shibao Yosuke,Sato Kosuke,Kawamoto Hiroaki,Sankai Yoshiyuki,Yamazaki Ma 대한척추외과학회 2021 Asian Spine Journal Vol.15 No.1

Study Design: Prospective experimental study in humans.Purpose: To determine whether the hybrid assistive limb (HAL) for Care Support can reduce lumbar load during a patient transfer.Overview of Literature: The prevalence of work-related low back pain (LBP) among nurses is high. In particular, transferring patients poses a high risk for LBP due to the large lumbar load. Attempts to reduce the lumbar load are crucial to avoid the risk of LBP. Therefore, we investigated the effects of the HAL for Care Support.Methods: Nineteen volunteers (16 men, three women) lifted a 60-kg doll from a seated position to a standing position. The first transfer was performed without the HAL for Care Support, and the second was performed with the HAL for Care Support assistive robot. We evaluated transfer performance, the visual analog scale (VAS) score for lumbar fatigue, and electromyogram analyses of the trunk and hip.Results: Four participants (two men, two women) succeeded with the HAL for Care Support even though they were unable to perform the task without it. The mean lumbar fatigue VAS score for all participants without the HAL for Care Support was 62 mm, while that with it was 43 mm. With lumbar assistance from the HAL for Care Support, subjective lumbar fatigue during the transfer decreased significantly. A power analysis indicated adequate statistical power to detect a difference in the VAS score for lumbar fatigue (0.99). The activity of the left gluteus maximus alone increased significantly during transfers with the HAL for Care Support. No adverse events occurred during use of the HAL for Care Support for transfers.Conclusions: The HAL for Care Support was able to reduce lumbar load in a simulated patient transfer.

Population Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Analysis to Compare the Effect of Moxifloxacin on QT Interval Prolongation Between Healthy Korean and Japanese Subjects

Choi, Hyang-Ki,Jung, Jin Ah,Fujita, Tomoe,Amano, Hideki,Ghim, Jong-Lyul,Lee, Dong-Hwan,Tabata, Kenichi,Song, Il-Dae,Maeda, Mika,Kumagai, Yuji,Mendzelevski, Boaz,Shin, Jae-Gook Elsevier 2016 Clinical therapeutics Vol.38 No.12

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Purpose</B></P> <P>The goal of this study was to evaluate the moxifloxacin-induced QT interval prolongation in healthy male and female Korean and Japanese volunteers to investigate interethnic differences.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2-way crossover study was conducted in healthy male and female Korean and Japanese volunteers. In each period, a single dose of moxifloxacin or placebo 400 mg was administered orally under fasting conditions. Triplicate 12-lead ECGs were recorded at defined time points before, up to 24 hours after dosing, and at corresponding time points during baseline. Serial blood sampling was conducted for pharmacokinetic analysis of moxifloxacin. The pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic data between the 2 ethnic groups were compared by using a typical analysis based on the intersection-union test and a nonlinear mixed effects method.</P> <P><B>Findings</B></P> <P>A total of 39 healthy subjects (Korean, male: 10, female: 10; Japanese, male: 10, female: 9) were included in the analysis. The concentration–effect analysis revealed that there was no change in slope (and confirmed that the difference was caused by a change in the pharmacokinetic model of moxifloxacin). A 2-compartment model with first-order absorption provided the best description of moxifloxacin’s pharmacokinetic parameters. Weight and sex were selected as significant covariates for central volume of distribution and intercompartmental clearance, respectively. An E<SUB>max</SUB> model ( E [ C ] = [ <SUB> E max </SUB> ⋅ C ] / [ <SUB> EC 50 </SUB> + C ] ) described the QT interval data of this study well. However, ethnicity was not found to be a significant factor in a pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic link model.</P> <P><B>Implications</B></P> <P>The drug-induced QTc prolongations evaluated using moxifloxacin as the probe did not seem to be significantly different between these Korean and Japanese subjects. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01876316.</P>