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Intercellular Trafficking of Homeodomain Proteins
Kim, Seon-Won,Moon, Jun-Yeon,Jung, Jin-Hee,Chen, Xiongyan,Shi, Chunlin,Rim, Yeong-Gil,Kwon, Hey-Jin,Jackson, David,Datla, Raju,Joliot, Alain,Kim, Jae-Yean The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2005 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.21 No.1
Homeotic proteins have pivotal roles during the development of both plant and animals. Many homeotic proteins exert control over cell fate in cells where their genes are not expressed, i.e., in a non-cell autonomous manner. Cell-to-cell communication, which delivers critical information for position-dependent specification of cell fate, is an essential biological process in multicellular organisms. In plants, there are two pathways for intercellular communication that have been identified: the ligand/receptor-mediated apoplastic pathway and the plasmodesmata-mediated symplasmic pathway. Regulatory proteins and RNAs traffic symplasmically via plasmodesmata and play a critical role in intercellular communication. Thus, the non-cell autonomous function of homeotic proteins can be explained by the recent discovery of cell-to-cell trafficking of proteins or RNAs. This article specifically focuses on understanding the intercellular movement of homeodomain proteins, a family of homeotic proteins.
Intercellular Trafficking of Homeodomain Proteins
Kim, Seon-Won,Moon, Ju-Yeon,Jung, Jin-Hee,Chen, Xiongyan,Shi, Chunlin,Rim, Yeong-Gil,Kwon, Hey-Jin,David Jackson,Raju Datla,Alain Joliot,Kim, Jae-Yean Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 2005 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2005 No.
Homeotic proteins have pivotal roles during the development of both plant and animals. Many homeotic proteins exert control over cell fate in cells where their genes are not expressed, I.e., in a non-cell autonomous manner. Cell-to-cell communication, which delivers critical information for position-dependent specification of cell fate, is an essential biological process in multicellular organisms. In plants, there are two pathways for intercellular communication that have been identified: the ligand/receptor-mediated apoplastic pathway and the plasmodesmata-mediated symplasmic pathway. Regulatory proteins and RNAs traffic symplasmically via plasmodesmata and play a critical role in intercellular communication. Thus, the non-cell autonomous function of homeotic proteins can be explained by the recent discovery of cell-to-cell trafficking of proteins of RNAs. This article specifically focuses on understanding the intercellular movement of homeodomain proteins, a family of homeotic proteins.
Jee Yeon Kim,Yu-Mee Wee,Monica Young Choi,Hey Rim Jung,Ji Yoon Choi,Hyun Wook Kwon,Joo Hee Jung,Yong Mee Cho,Heounjeong Go,Minkyu Han,Young Hoon Kim,Duck Jong Han,Sung Shin 대한외과학회 2019 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.97 No.1
Purpose: Transglutaminase type 2 (TG2) is an extracellular matrix crosslinking enzyme with a pivotal role in kidney fibrosis. We tested whether quantification of urinary TG2 may represent a noninvasive method to estimate the severity of kidney allograft fibrosis. Methods: We prospectively collected urine specimens from 18 deceased donor kidney transplant recipients at 1-day, 7-day, 1-month, 3-month, and 6-month posttransplant. In addition, kidney allograft tissue specimens at 0-day and 6-month posttransplant were sampled to analyze the correlation of urinary TG2 and kidney allograft fibrosis. Results: Thirteen recipients had increased interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA) scores at the 6-month protocol biopsy (IFTA group). The mean level of urinary TG2 in the IFTA group was higher compared to that of 5 other recipients without IFTA (no IFTA group). Conversely, the mean level of urinary syndecan-4 in the IFTA group was lower than levels in patients without IFTA. In the IFTA group, double immunofluorescent staining revealed that TG2 intensity was significantly upregulated and colocalizations of TG2/heparin sulfate proteoglycan and nuclear syndecan-4 were prominent, usually around tubular structures. Conclusion: Urinary TG2 in early posttransplant periods is a potent biomarker for kidney allograft inflammation or fibrosis.
( Yu Mee Wee ),( Heounjeong Go ),( Monica Young Choi ),( Hey Rim Jung ),( Yong Mee Cho ),( Young Hoon Kim ),( Duck Jong Han ),( Sung Shin ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2019 BMB Reports Vol.52 No.9
Despite reports suggesting that tissue-resident natural killer (trNK) cells cause ischemic kidney injury, their contribution to the development of tubulointerstitial fibrosis has not been determined. This study hypothesized that the depletion of trNK cells may ameliorate renal fibrosis by affecting transglutaminase 2/syndecan-4 interactions. Aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) was induced in C57BL/6 mice as an experimental model of kidney fibrosis. The mice were treated with anti-asialo GM1 (ASGM1) or anti-NK1.1 antibodies to deplete NK cells. Although both ASGM1 and NK1.1 antibodies suppressed renal NKp46<sup>+</sup>DX5<sup>+</sup> NK cells, renal NKp46<sup>+</sup>DX5<sup>-</sup> cells were resistant to suppression by ASGM1 or NK1.1 antibodies during the development of tubulointerstitial fibrosis in the AAN-induced mouse model. Western blot analysis showed that both antibodies increased the expression of fibronectin, transglutaminase 2, and syndecan-4. These findings indicate that trNK cells played an exacerbating role in tubulointerstitial fibrosis by activating transglutaminase 2 and syndecan-4 in the AAN-induced mouse model. [BMB Reports 2019; 52(9): 554-559]
Yu-Mee Wee,Hae-Won Lee,Monica Young Choi,Hey Rim Jung,Ji Yoon Choi,Hyun Wook Kwon,Joo Hee Jung,Young Hoon Kim,Duck Jong Han,Sung Shin 한국간담췌외과학회 2018 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.22 No.4
Backgrounds/Aims: Compared with a single urinary biomarker, a composite of multiple urinary biomarkers may be more helpful for differentiating tubulointerstitial inflammation from interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy (IFTA) in kidney allografts. Methods: In this cross-sectional cohort study, we collected urine samples from 115 patients with for-cause biopsy, 53 patients with stable allografts, and 50 living kidney donors. We measured the urinary levels of transglutaminase 2 (TG2), syndecan-4 (SDC4), alpha 1 microglobulin (A1M), interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Results: The for-cause biopsy group showed significantly higher levels of log<SUB>e</SUB>TG2/Cr, log<SUB>e</SUB>A1M/Cr, log<SUB>e</SUB>IL-6/Cr, and log<SUB>e</SUB>MCP-1/Cr compared with other groups. In the for-cause biopsy group, log<SUB>e</SUB>TG2/Cr level was positively correlated with the severity of IFTA. After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and the interval between kidney transplant and biopsy, TG2 and the interval between transplant and biopsy were significantly correlated variables for the severity of IFTA. Regarding tubulointerstitial inflammation, Body mass index, TG2, SDC4, and IP-10 were positively-correlated variables, and MCP-1 and the interval between transplant and biopsy were negatively-correlated variables. Conclusions: Our results show that post-transplant urinary levels of TG2, SDC4, MCP-1 and IP-10 may be a useful biomarker for tubulointerstitial inflammation and IFTA.
Cha, Dong Seok,Hollis, Sarah E.,Datla, Udaya Sree,Lee, Sejin,Ryu, Jinsun,Jung, Hey Rim,Kim, Eunsuk,Kim, Kyuhyung,Lee, Myeongwoo,Li, Chris,Lee, Myon-Hee Elsevier 2012 Gene expression patterns Vol.12 No.5
<P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>► TOP-1β is broadly expressed in the nuclei of cells and concentrated in nucleoli. ► TOP-1α is specifically localized to centrosomes, neuronal cells, excretory cells and chromosomes of germ cells. ► TOP-1 proteins are required for chromosomal segregation and germline development in <I>Caenorhabditis elegans</I>.</P> <P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>DNA topoisomerase-1 (TOP-1) resolves the topological problems associated with DNA replication, transcription and recombination by introducing temporary single-strand breaks in the DNA. <I>Caenorhabditis elegans</I> TOP-1 has two isoforms, TOP-1α and TOP-1β. TOP-1β is broadly localized to the nuclei of many cells at all developmental stages and concentrated in nucleoli in embryo gut and oogenic cells. However, TOP-1α is specifically localized to centrosomes, neuronal cells, excretory cells and chromosomes of germ cells in embryonic and larval stages. Reporter gene analysis also shows that <I>top-1</I> transcription is highly activated in several sensory neurons, speculating the possible role of TOP-1α in neuronal development. From RNA interference (RNAi) experiments, we demonstrated that <I>C. elegans</I> TOP-1 is required for chromosomal segregation, germline proliferation and gonadal migration, which are all correlated with the expression and activity of TOP-1. Therefore, our findings may provide an insight into a new role of TOP-1 in development of multicellular organisms.</P>