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박희등(Hee Deung Park),박정구(Jeong Ku Park),이재선(Jae Seon Lee),심웅섭(Woong Seop Sim) 한국식물학회 1995 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.38 No.4
Binary vectors, pBI-ActR1, pBI-ActF1 and pBSH-ActR1, were constructed using pGA642, the replication origin of pTil2 and the rice actin promoter. The sizes of pBI-ActR1, pBI-ActF1 and pBSH-ActR1 were 12.9 kb, 13.2kb and 11.95 kb, respectively. These vectors containing a rice actin promoter followed by a GUS structural gene could induce strongly the expression of GUS gene in transformed rice cells. Rice explants form 3-4 day old seedlings after germination were cocultured with A. tumefaceins harboring pBI-ActR1, pBI-ActF1 or pBSH-ActR1, and then GUS expression in the explants was assayed. Transformation of rice explants by these binary vectors was tissue-specific, such that the meristematic regions of shoot apex, root and hypocotyl were transformed by these binary vectors.
Park, Hee-Deung,Lee, Young Haeng,Kim, Hyun-Bae,Moon, Jihee,Ahn, Chang-Hyo,Kim, Keon-Tae,Kang, Moon-Sun Elsevier 2010 Desalination Vol. No.
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A vertically oriented hollow fiber membrane module equipped with a downward aerator as well as an upward aerator for the simultaneous upward and downward air sparging was evaluated in a pilot-scale bioreactor. The operation was divided into three consecutive phases based on different membrane air sparging configurations: the simultaneous upward and downward air sparging (Phase 1), the single upward air sparging (Phase 2), and the simultaneous upward and downward air sparging (Phase 3). Although the SMBR operation, process performances including particulate matters, organic matters, and nutrients removals were stable, the membrane fouling characteristics were significantly different for the different air sparging configurations. The parameters such as the trans-membrane pressure increasing rate, the permeability decreasing rate, the irreversible membrane fouling rate, and the fouling resistance increased when the air sparging configuration was changed from the simultaneous upward and downward mode to the single upward mode (i.e., Phase 1→Phase 2), while the parameters decreased when the air sparging configuration was switched from the single upward mode to the simultaneous upward and downward mode (i.e., Phase 2→Phase 3). Taken together the results strongly support the effectiveness of the simultaneous upward and downward membrane air sparging in reducing membrane fouling.</P>