溫度 및 PEG 處理가 옥수수와 大豆 品種의 發芽 및 苗伸張에 미치는 影響

Rak Chun Seong,Jai Sung Shim,Keun Yong Park,Harry C. Minor 한국육종학회 1989 한국육종학회지 Vol.21 No.2

Germination and seedling growth of corn (Zea mays L. Vars. KS 16, KS 6, KS 15, Suwon 19, Ga 209. KS 5, Jinjuok, and Hoengsongok) and soybeans (Glycine max. (L.) Merr. Vars. Bangsakong, Hill, Danyupkong, Paldalkong, Baegwunkong, Kwangkyo, Hwangkeumkong, and Changyupkong) were measured at two temperatures (15 and 30 C) and ten polyethylene glycol (PEG) treatments. These PEG treatments were 20, 25 and 30g/100㎖ H₂O of PEG 6,000, PEG 10,000 and PEG 20,000 molecular weight (MW), including untreated control. Observations were taken at 4 days for treatments at 30 C and 12 days for those at 15 C. Twenty seeds of each variety of corn and soybeans were placed on Whatman No.1 (12cm) filter paper in glass petri-dishes, and adjusted to 20㎖ of the proper treatment solution supplemented with 0.2 percent thiram using automatic syringe. The dishes were covered with cap and sealed with parafilm. The seeds were germinated at a constant temperature of 15 or 30 C under dark conditions for programmed period. Seedling moisture content of corn was lower than that of soybeans both at 15 and 30 C. However, corn showed greater seedling length than soybeans at temperatures of 15 and 30 C. Seedling moisture content and seedling length of corn and soybeans were reduced as PEG concentration increased from 20 to 30g/100㎖ H₂O at PEG 6,000, PEG 10,000 and PEG 20,000. But no significant differences were found on seedling moisture content and seedling length of corn and soybeans among PEG 6,000, PEG 10,000 and PEG 20,000. Varietal differences in seedling moisture content and seedling length of eight corn and soybean varieties were observed with PEG treatments. Corn variety Jinjuok and soybean variety Paldalkong showed the greatest seedling length among eight varieties of corn and soybeans. The results of this study indicated that germination test of corn and soybean seeds in aqueous solutions of PEG 6,000, PEG 10,000 and PEG 20,000 showed similar for moisture stress simulation and has potential for screening varieties improved emergence ability during moisture stress.

Effects of Temperature and Moisture Level during Preconditioning on Germination and Seedling Elongation of Soybean Seeds with and without Osmoconditioning

Seong, Rak-Chun,Minor, Harry C.,Park, Keun-Yong The Korean Society of Crop Science 1987 Korean journal of crop science Vol.32 No.1

삼투처리와 무처리의 대두종자(품종 :Williams)에 대하여 두가지 온도(15, 3$0^{\circ}C$)에서 두가지의 종자수분함량(30%, 50%)으로 조절된 조건으로 0. 2, 4 및 8일간 전처리함에 있어서 시간별 세세구배치법 4반복으로 배치하여 발아와 묘신장을 조사하였던 바 주요결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 콩의 묘신장은 30에서 2일간 전처리함으로서 촉진되었으나 같은 온도에서 전처리기간이 길수록 억제되었다. 2. 삼투처리후 전처리된 종자는 수분흡수와 묘신장이 떨어졌다. 3. 종자수분함량이 50%로 조절된 뒤 전처리된 것은 체의 수분함량을 증가시켰으며 4일간까지의 전처리는 묘신장을 크게 하였다. 4. 묘의 건물중에서는 전처리온도가 3$0^{\circ}C$ 일때와 종자수분함량이 50%로 조절되어 8일간 전처리하였을 때 감소되었다. Germination and seedling length of soybean seeds (cultivar: Williams) with and without polyethylene glycol-8000 (PEG) treatments were measured following preconditioning at two temperatures (15 and 30$^{\circ}C$) and two moisture levels 〔low (30 percent) and high (50 percent seed water content)〕 for 0, 2, 4, or 8 days. A split-split plot in time was used with four replications. Observations were made after two days of germination at 30$^{\circ}C$ Seedling growth accelerated with two days of preconditioning at 30$^{\circ}C$, but was reduced as preconditioning duration increased up to eight days at the same temperature. PEG treated preconditioned seeds exhibited reduced moisture uptake and seedling growth. Preconditioning at a high moisture level increased seedling moisture content and also increased seedling length until four days of preconditioning duration. Seedling dry weight decreased when preconditioning temperature was 30$^{\circ}C$ and when the high moisture level of preconditioning was continued for eight days.

온도·토양수분 포텐셜 및 삼투처리가 옥수수와 대두의 발아 및 묘신장에 미치는 영향

Rak Chun Seong,Harry C. Minor,Keun Yong Park 韓國作物學會 1986 Korean journal of crop science Vol.31 No.1

옥수수품종 (Dekalb XL 72B)과 대두품종 ( Willi -ams)의 발아와 묘신장을 두 온도, 세 토양수분 포텐셜 및 네 polyethylene glycol(PEG) 8,000 수준에서 측정하였다. 각 품종의 20처리종자를 0.2% Thiram에 처리하여 가비중 1.20으로 압축된 살균사양토에 2.0cm 깊이로 파종 분할구배치법 사반복으로 실시하였다. 1. PEG로 한 삼투처리는 고온에서나 저토양수분포텐셜 조건에서 효과가 거의 없었다. 2. 대두는 옥수수보다 높은 묘수분함량을 보였고 두 작물 모두 토양수분 포텐셜과 온도가 증가할수록 수분흡수가 증가되었다. 3. 옥수수의 묘장이 35℃ 에서는 대두보다 길었으나 15℃ 에서는 짧았다. 4. 옥수수의 건물중은 35℃ 에서 감소되었고 대두의 건물중은 토양수분 포텐셜이 증가할수록 감소되었다. Germination and seedling elongation of maize (Dekalb XL 72B), and soybeans (Williams) were measured at two temperatures (15 and 35~circC ), three soil water potentials (-1.50, -0.5, and -0.05 MPa), and four polyethy-lene glycol 8000 (PEG) levels (0, 20, 30, and 50 percent). Twenty conditioned seeds of each cultivar were treated with 0.2% thiram and planted 2 cm deep in sterilized Mexico silt loam soil which was subsequently compacted to a bulk density of 1.20 g/㎤. Seedling moisture content, dry weight, and length were measured for each treatment combination. Osmoconditioning with PEG showed little effect at high temperature or low soil water potential conditions. Soybeans had higher seedling moisture content than corn and both crops in-creased moisture uptake as soil water potential and temperature increased. Seedling length of corn was longer than soybeans at 35~circC but shorter at 15~circC . Seedling dry weight of corn decreased at 35~circC and that of soybeans decreased as soil water potential increased.

Effects of Temperature and Moisture Level during Preconditioning on Germination and Seedling Elongation of Soybean Seeds with and without Osmoconditioning

Rak Chun Seong,Harry C. Minor,Keun Yong Park 한국작물학회 1987 한국작물학회지 Vol.32 No.1

온도.종자수분함량 및 삼투처리가 콩의 발아 및 묘신장에 미치는 영향

Rak Chun Seong,Harry C. Minor,Eun Hi Hong 韓國作物學會 1986 Korean journal of crop science Vol.31 No.4

콩 품종(williams)의 발아와 묘신장을 두 온도, 세 종자, 수분함양 및 Polyethylene glycol-800(PEG) 처리와 무처리에서 측정하였다. 분할구배치법 사반복으로 실시하였으며 시료를 2시간부터 8일까지 각처리 조합에서 채취하였다. 콩 종자를 0.2% Thiram을 첨가한 30% PEG 여액에 놓아 15℃ 에서 6 일간 침청후 증류수로 선정하여 25.5℃ 에서 3 일간 건조하여 10개의 처리 또는 무처리 종자를 plastic petri-dish안의 9 cm 여과지에 놓아 수분함양에 정당한 증류수를 첨가하였다. Parafilm으로 밀봉하여 항온무광조건의 처리 온도에서 발아시켰다. 수분함양이 50% 또는 이하인 처리에서는 두 온도 모두 묘신장이 일어나지 않았다. PEG를 이용한 삼투처리는 15℃ 에서는 묘수분 흡수와 체신장간에 정의 상관 효과를 보였으나 30℃ 에서는 거의 없었다. 종자 또는 묘수분함량은 발아기간동안 초기에 급속히 증가하여 15℃ 에서는 56시간에, 그리고 30℃ 에서는 28시간에 60%에 도달하였다. 묘신장은 종자수분함양이 15℃ 에서는 60%에서 시작되었지만 30℃ 에서는 20시간에 시작되었다. 콩묘는 15℃ 에 비하여 30℃ 에서 사배 이상 신장되었다. 발아기간 동안의 수분흡수양상은 이 시험에서는 두 단계로 특정되었다. Germination and seedling elongation of soybeans [cult. ‘Williams’] were measured at two temperatures (15 and 30~circC ), three seed water contents (30, 50, and 70%), and with and without polyethylene glycol-8000 (PEG) treatments. A split-plot design was used with four replications. Observations were made from two hours to eight days for each treatment combination. Seeds were soaked with 30% PEG solution with 0.2% thiram at 15 C for six days, rinsed with deionized water and dried at 25.5~circC for three days. Ten treated or untreated seeds were placed on Whatman No. I (9 cm) filter paper in plastic petridishes to which sufficient deionized water was added to adjust seed moisture content to the desired level. The dishes were then sealed with parafilm and placed in a continuous programmed temperature chamber under dark condition. Seedling growth did not occur at either temperature when moisture content was 50 percent or less. Osmo-conditioning with PEG showed positive effects on seedling moisture uptake and seedling growth at 15~circC but little effect at 30~circC . Seedling moisture content increased rapidly early in the germination period and reached 60% at 15 C for 56 hours and at 30~circC for 28 hours. Seedling growth started when seed moisture reached a critical point of 60% at 15~circC , however, growth started after 20 hours of germination at 30~circC . Seedlings of soybeans elongated more than four times faster at 30~circC than at 15~circC . Water uptake during germination was characterized by two phases in this experiment.

온도, 종자수분 및 삼투처리가 대두의 발아와 묘신장에 미치는 영향

Rak Chun Seong,Harry C. Minor,Keun Yong Park 韓國作物學會 1987 한국작물학회지 Vol.32 No.1

삼투처리와 무처리의 대두종자(품종 :Williams)에 대하여 두가지 온도(15, 30℃ )에서 두가지의 종자수분함량(30%, 50%)으로 조절된 조건으로 0. 2, 4 및 8일간 전처리함에 있어서 시간별 세세구배치법 4반복으로 배치하여 발아와 묘신장을 조사하였던 바 주요결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 콩의 묘신장은 30에서 2일간 전처리함으로서 촉진되었으나 같은 온도에서 전처리기간이 길수록 억제되었다. 2. 삼투처리후 전처리된 종자는 수분흡수와 묘신장이 떨어졌다. 3. 종자수분함량이 50%로 조절된 뒤 전처리된 것은 체의 수분함량을 증가시켰으며 4일간까지의 전처리는 묘신장을 크게 하였다. 4. 묘의 건물중에서는 전처리온도가 30℃ 일때와 종자수분함량이 50%로 조절되어 8일간 전처리하였을 때 감소되었다. Germination and seedling length of soybean seeds (cultivar: Williams) with and without polyethylene glycol-8000 (PEG) treatments were measured following preconditioning at two temperatures (15 and 30~circC ) and two moisture levels 〔low (30 percent) and high (50 percent seed water content)〕 for 0, 2, 4, or 8 days. A split-split plot in time was used with four replications. Observations were made after two days of germination at 30~circC Seedling growth accelerated with two days of preconditioning at 30~circC , but was reduced as preconditioning duration increased up to eight days at the same temperature. PEG treated preconditioned seeds exhibited reduced moisture uptake and seedling growth. Preconditioning at a high moisture level increased seedling moisture content and also increased seedling length until four days of preconditioning duration. Seedling dry weight decreased when preconditioning temperature was 30~circC and when the high moisture level of preconditioning was continued for eight days.

적엽·제협처리가 콩의 광합성과 동화물질 배분에 미치는 영향

Woong Tae Kim,Rak Chun Seong,Harry C. Minor 韓國作物學會 1993 한국작물학회지 Vol.38 No.2

대두에서 각각 50%의 협제거와 협제거 처리에 의해서 변화된 동화물질에 대한 sink demand가 엽의 광합성율과 각 부위별 단백질 함량 및 엽의 노화에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여, 1990년 고려대학교 자연자원대학, 식량자원학과 실험포장에서, pot에 팔달콩을 공 시하여 총건물중과 엽을 제외한 vegetative tissues의 건물중, 잎과 뿌리의 전분함량, 엽의 광합성율과 기공저항성, 각 부위별 단백질함량, 엽의 chlorophyll content등을 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 엽을 제외한 vegetative tissues의 건물중은 협제거 처리에 의해서 증가되었고, 따라서 협제거 처리에 의한 총건물중의 감소는 유의성이 없었다. 2. 종실의 100립종은 대조구와 비교할 때, 50% 협제거 처리에 의해 6.4% 증가하였으며, 50% 엽제거 처리에 의해서 3.0% 감소하였다. 3. 엽의 전분함량은 처리 후 22일부터 감소되었고 뿌리의 전분함량은 전 시기에 걸쳐 감소되었는데, 잎과 뿌리의 전분함량은 협제거 처리에 의해 높아지고 엽제거 처리에 의해 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 4. Specific leaf weight는 협제거 처리에 의해 증가되었고 엽제거에 의해 감소 되었다. 5. 엽의 광합성율은 전 시기에 걸쳐서 높아졌으며, 협제거 처리에 의해 증가되었다. 7. 잎, 중기+엽병, 뿌리 등의 단백질함량은 점차로 감소되는 경향이었으며, 협제거 처리에 의해 높아졌고 엽제거에 의해 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 8. 성숙기( R7)의 종실의 단백질함량은 협제거와 엽제거 처리에 의해 유의성 있는 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 9. 엽의 chlorophyll content의 감소에 의한 엽의 외관상 노화는 협제거처리에 의해 지연되었고 엽제거에 의해 촉진되었다. 10. 광합성율의 감소에 의한 엽의 기능상 노화는 엽제거 처리에 의해 촉진되었다. di-glyceride 및 free fatty acid) 는 13.3~17.4%로 나타났다.로 빠른 시일에 집중적인 연구가 필요하다고 본다.다. 4. 저온저장(4℃ , RH 50%)한 벼는 2년반 저장한 벼도 밥맛의 변화가 거의 없었다. 5. 1988년산 및 1989년산 일반계를 10분도와 12분도로 도정하였을 때 도정도에 따른 밥맛의 차이는 없었다.X>CoOx는 Co3O4 로 존재하고, 반응 전의 경우에는 이와는 다른 chemical state를 보여주었다. XRD 및 XPS 결과를 바탕으로, 촉매표면에 존재하는 Co3O4 의 외부표면이 Co2TiO4 와 CoTiO3 같은 CoTiOx 로 encapsulation되어 있는 모델구조를 제안할 수 있고, 이는 반응시간의 함수로 나타나는 촉매활성에 있어서 전이영역의 존재를 잘 설명할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, XRD와 XPS에서 얻어진 촉매의 물리화학적인 특성을 잘 반영할 수 있다. 나타냈고, 골격근과 눈 조직에서 피루브산에 대한 LDH의 친화력이 상당히 크므로 LDH가 혐기적 조건에서 효율적으로 기능을 하는 것으로 사료된다.5) and "Cleanliness of clothes & features" (p <0.05) of VIP ward were significantly higher than those of a general ward.tive to apply.아울러 고려(考慮)해야 한다. 이것은 고무기술자(技術者)가 당면(當面)해야할 과제(課題)에 속(屬)하며 바람직 한것은 본장(本章)의 내용(內容)이 여러 상황하(狀況下)에서 당면(當面)한 문제(問題)에 대(對)해 어떻게 대처(對處)해 야 할지를 모르는 여러 기술자(技術者)들에게 도움이 되었으면 하는 것이다. 얻 To clarify the effects of sink demand for assimilate on leaf photosynthetic rate, tissue composition, and leaf senescence of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] J plants, pod and leaf tissues were removed at growth stage R3 . Plant responses were measured every 10days from 2 through 42days following treatment. Leaves of depodded plants exhibited increased starch and chlorophyll contents and specific leaf weight. Stomatal resistance was also increased and leaf photosynthetic rate was reduced. Dry weight of vegetative tissues except leaves was increased by pod removal. Leaf removal resulted in a decreased starch content of leaves from 22 to 42days after treatment and that of roots at all sampling times. Specific leaf weight was decreased while leaf photosynthetic rate was increased. Stomatal resistance and chlorophyll content were little affected. Weight per seed was decreased 3.0% by leaf removal. Except for the seed, tissue protein contents were increased by pod removal but decreased by leaf removal, however, seed protein content was not affected by either. Apparent senescence was delayed by depodding. Both apparent and functional senescence were accelerated by leaf removal.

Effects of temperature, soil water potential, and seed applied super slurper on germination and seedling elongation of soybeans and sunflowers

Rak Chun Seong(成樂春)해리 시 마이너(Harry C. Minor),Eun Hi Hong(洪殷憙) 한국육종학회 1986 한국육종학회지 Vol.18 No.1

Germination and seedling elongation of soybeans(cults : ‘Essex’ and ‘Williams’), and sunflowers cults. ‘Seed Tec’ 327 and ‘SIGCO 449’) were measured at three temperatures(15.0, 22.5, and 30.0 C) and four soil water potentials(-1.80, -0.50, -0.04, and 0.02 MPa), with and without treatment with super slurper. Measurements were made at 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 days. Seedling moisture uptake and seedling development were affected by temperature, soil water potential, and cultivar of each of the two species. Super slurper did not significantly affect seedling growth. Highly significant positive correlations were found between seedling moisture content and seedling length. Negative correlations were found between seedling dry weight and the other dependent variables. Multiple regression equations for seedling moisture content of two species were developed as a function of cultivar, temperature, soil water potential, and interaction terms in germination time. Soybeans required more time to achieve the initial one cm of seedling length than sunflowers at the lower soil water potential(-1.80 MPa), but less time at the high soil water potential(-0.02 MPa).

Changes of Chemical Composition during Seedling Development in Soybean

Rak Chun Seong,Kyu Hoon Choi,Harry C. Minor 韓國作物學會 1998 Korean journal of crop science Vol.43 No.2

Seedling establishment of soybean [Glycine mar (L.) Mer-rill] is an important factor for soybean production in the field. The objective of this study was to determine the distribution of chemical composition in the emerging organs during seedling development in soybeans. Three soybean cultivars (Hill, Paldalkong, and Jangyeobkong) were planted at the Research Farm of College of Natural Resources, Korea University, on May 26, June 5, and June 14. Protein, oil, sugar, and starch contents were measured in each organ at each developing stage. Mean dry weight of three soybean cultivars decreased until VE stage and increased after this stage. Protein content of whole seedling did not change significantly during the seedling growth stage, but the amount in cotyledons markedly decreased with each growth stage increment. About 88% of the cotyledon protein was translocated to the other parts of the seedling at the V2 stage. Oil content of cotyledons sharply decreased until the V1 stage. Sugar content of the seedling was not detected at VE stage and starch content of seedlings increased slightly at VE and VC stages. For the changes of each metabolic component, the amount for whole plants decreased until the V1 stage and started to increase after this stage. The results of this study provide evidence for the breakdown of carbohydrates and oil at the initial stage of seedling growth.

온도ㆍ토양수분 포텐셜 및 삼투처리가 옥수수와 대두의 발아 및 묘신장에 미치는 영향

성락춘,해리 씨 마이너,박근용,Seong, Rak-Chun,Minor, Harry C.,Park, Keun-Yong 한국작물학회 1986 한국작물학회지 Vol.31 No.1

옥수수품종 (Dekalb XL 72B)과 대두품종 ( Willi -ams)의 발아와 묘신장을 두 온도, 세 토양수분 포텐셜 및 네 polyethylene glycol(PEG) 8,000 수준에서 측정하였다. 각 품종의 20처리종자를 0.2% Thiram에 처리하여 가비중 1.20으로 압축된 살균사양토에 2.0cm 깊이로 파종 분할구배치법 사반복으로 실시하였다. 1. PEG로 한 삼투처리는 고온에서나 저토양수분포텐셜 조건에서 효과가 거의 없었다. 2. 대두는 옥수수보다 높은 묘수분함량을 보였고 두 작물 모두 토양수분 포텐셜과 온도가 증가할수록 수분흡수가 증가되었다. 3. 옥수수의 묘장이 35$^{\circ}C$에서는 대두보다 길었으나 15$^{\circ}C$에서는 짧았다. 4. 옥수수의 건물중은 35$^{\circ}C$에서 감소되었고 대두의 건물중은 토양수분 포텐셜이 증가할수록 감소되었다.