Simulative Analysis of 40 Gbps DWDM System Using Combination of Hybrid Modulators and Optical Filters for Suppression of Four-Wave Mixing

Karanjot Singh,Harmandar Kaur 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.9 No.7

Optical networks offer higher data rates, and are fast and error free. However, non-linearity hinders them from being a perfect medium. Especially, FWM degrades the transmission characteristics of the optical systems and networks. FWM may result in crosstalk among optical channels. The paper presents a new approach to suppress the effect of four wave mixing using combination of hybrid modulator and optical rectangular filters. The performance of DWDM system and behaviour of four wave mixing is analysed. Hybrid modulator used here consists of Mach-Zehnder modulator followed by dual drive Mach-Zehnder and AM modulator. The system comprises of 8 channels each of data rate 5 Gbps. Also, comparative analysis is carried out using different fibres (Single mode fibre and ITU-T G.655). The maximum achieved Q-factor for SMF is 13.05 and 17.87 in case of ITU-T G.655.Dispersion compensating fibre is used to control dispersion. System is analysed for the length of 580 km in case of SMF and 530 km in case of ITU-T G.655.

Survey : Radio over Fiber and Wireless Broadband Access Technologies

Er. Ravneet kaur,Er. Harmandar kaur 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.9 No.3

This paper presents a survey on Radio over fiber for Wireless Broadband Access technology like WiMAX (Fixed and Mobile). Radio over Fiber has achieved an effective delivery of wireless and baseband signal, and has also reduces the power consumption. Whereas recent fast growing broadband access technology through wireless is WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access). In this survey, the Radio over fiber implements into wireless broadband access technologies like WiMAX. And also we will be carried out different keying and technical concept from the different methodology.

Simulative Analysis of Hybrid Dispersion Compensation Based on 16x40 Gbps DWDM System Using RZ Modulator

Meenakshi,Nitika Soni,Harmandar Kaur 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.9 No.12

In this paper 16x40 Gbps hybrid dispersion compensation schemes with RZ modulation format over SSMF link based on DWDM optical system. Power losses substitute by the EDFA and DCF. Error probability is minimizing the system and optimizing the system performance for all users and channel using in system. The average total output power of the system is -53.65 dBm and the maximum Q-factor is 5.87 and range of BER is <10-12. The simulation results show that data transmission rate successfully transmitted with low cost effective infrastructure with good system performance.

Implementing of High Capacity Tbps DWDM System Optical Network

Daleep Singh Sekhon,Harmandar Kaur 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.9 No.6

In this paper we investigate the high speed Tbps (Terabits per second) DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) system optical network. In this system there is present 40 channels at transmitter section each having bit rate of 30Gbps to make a 1.2Tbps speed of system. The transmitting channel signal is passed through an optical fiber of link length 100 km along with DCF of length 8.37 km. At the receiver section signal is received by 40 receivers and check the receiving signal strength on the basis of Eye diagram i.e., by the values of Q-factor, BER and eye opening of the signal provided by eye diagram analyzer. The system covers a distance of 100 km with good and favorable results on the basis of Q-factor and BER.

Multi-point earthquake response of the Bosphorus Bridge to site-specific ground motions

Selcuk Bas,Nurdan Memisoglu Apaydin,Ebru Harmandar,Necati Catbas 국제구조공학회 2018 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.26 No.2

The study presents the earthquake performance of the Bosphorus Bridge under multi-point earthquake excitation considering the spatially varying site-specific earthquake motions. The elaborate FE model of the bridge is firstly established depending on the new considerations of the used FEM software specifications, such as cable-sag effect, rigid link and gap elements. The modal analysis showed that singular modes of the deck and the tower were relatively effective in the dynamic behavior of the bridge due to higher total mass participation mass ratio of 80%. The parameters and requirements to be considered in simulation process are determined to generate the spatially varying site-specific ground motions. Total number of twelve simulated ground motions are defined for the multi-support earthquake analysis (<i>Mp-sup</i>). In order to easily implement multi-point earthquake excitation to the bridge, the practice-o rientedprocedure is summarized. The results demonstrated that the <i>Mp-sup</i> led to high increase in sectional forces of the critical components of the bridge, especially tower base section and tensile force of the main and back stay cables. A close relationship between the dynamic response and the behavior of the bridge under the <i>Mp-sup</i> was also obtained. Consequently, the outcomes from this study underscored the importance of the utilization of the multi-point earthquake analysis and the necessity of considering specifically generated earthquake motions for suspension bridges. The study presents the earthquake performance of the Bosphorus Bridge under multi-point earthquake excitation considering the spatially varying site-specific earthquake motions. The elaborate FE model of the bridge is firstly established depending on the new considerations of the used FEM software specifications, such as cable-sag effect, rigid link and gap elements. The modal analysis showed that singular modes of the deck and the tower were relatively effective in the dynamic behavior of the bridge due to higher total mass participation mass ratio of 80%. The parameters and requirements to be considered in simulation process are determined to generate the spatially varying site-specific ground motions. Total number of twelve simulated ground motions are defined for the multi-support earthquake analysis (<i>Mp-sup</i>). In order to easily implement multi-point earthquake excitation to the bridge, the practice-oriented procedure is summarized. The results demonstrated that the <i>Mp-sup</i> led to high increase in sectional forces of the critical components of the bridge, especially tower base section and tensile force of the main and back stay cables. A close relationship between the dynamic response and the behavior of the bridge under the <i>Mp-sup</i> was also obtained. Consequently, the outcomes from this study underscored the importance of the utilization of the multi-point earthquake analysis and the necessity of considering specifically generated earthquake motions for suspension bridges.

Implementation of Screening Colonoscopy amongst First-Degree Relatives of Patients with Colorectal Cancer in Turkey: a Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Based Survey

Adakan, Yesim,Taskoparan, Muharrem,Cekin, Ayhan Hilmi,Duman, Adil,Harmandar, Ferda,Taskin, Vildan,Yilmaz, Ustun,Yesil, Bayram Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.14

Objective: To evaluate the implementation of screening colonoscopy amongst first-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) in Turkey. Materials and Methods: A total of 400 first-degree relatives (mean(SD)age: 42.5(12.7) years, 55.5% were male) of 136 CRC patients were included in this cross-sectional questionnaire based survey. Data on demographic characteristics, relationship to patient and family history for malignancy other than the index case were evaluated in the FDRs of patients as were the data on knowledge about and characteristics related to the implementation of screening colonoscopy using a standardized questionnaire form. Results: The mean(SD) age at diagnosis of CRC in the index patients was 60.0(14.0) years, while mean(SD) age of first degree relatives was 42.5(12.7) years. Overall 36.3% of relatives were determined to have knowledge about colonoscopy. Physicians (66.9%) were the major source of information. Screening colonoscopy was recommended to 19.5% (n=78) of patient relatives, while 48.7% (n=38) of individuals participated in colonoscopy procedures, mostly (57.9%) one year after the index diagnosis. Screening colonoscopy revealed normal findings in 25 of 38 (65.8%) cases, while precancerous lesions were detected in 26.3% of screened individuals. In 19.0% of FDRs of patients, there was a detected risk for Lynch syndrome related cancer. Conclusions: In conclusion, our findings revealed that less than 20% of FDRs of patients had received a screening colonoscopy recommendation; only 48.7% participated in the procedure with detection of precancerous lesions in 26.3%. Rise of awareness about screening colonoscopy amongst patients with CRC and first degree relatives of patients and motivation of physicians for targeted screening would improve the participation rate in screening colonoscopy by FDRs of patients with CRC in Turkey.

ASSESSMENT OF AORTIC ELASTICITY PROPERTIES IN PATIENTS WITH CELIAC DISEASE

Nermin Bayar,Ayhan Hilmi Çekin,Şakir Arslan,Göksel Çağırcı,Selçuk Küçükseymen,Serkan Çay,Ferda Akbay Harmandar,Bayram Yeşil 대한심장학회 2016 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.46 No.2

Background and Objectives Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune disorder induced by dietary gluten intake by individuals who are genetically sensitive. Many studies report an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases in such patients. The aim of this study is to assess aortic elasticity properties in patients with CD that may be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Subjects and Methods Eighty-one patients diagnosed with CD by antibody test and biopsy and 63 healthy volunteers were included in this prospective study. Electrocardiographic and echocardiographic examinations were performed. Results The CD group did not have any differences in the conventional echocardiographic parameters compared to the healthy individuals. However, patients in the CD group had an increased aortic stiffness beta index (4.3±2.3 vs. 3.6±1.6, p=0.010), increased pressure strain elastic modulus (33.6±17.0 kPa vs. 28.5±16.7 kPa, p=0.037), decreased aortic distensibility (7.0±3.0×10-6 cm2/dyn vs. 8.2±3.6×10-6 cm2/dyn, p=0.037), and similar aortic strain (17.9±7.7 vs. 16.0±5.5, p=0.070) compared to the control group. Patients with CD were found to have an elevated neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio compared to the control group (2.54±0.63 vs. 2.24±0.63, p=0.012). However, gluten-free diet and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio were not found to be associated with aortic elasticity. Conclusion Patients with CD had increased aortic stiffness and decreased aortic distensibility. Gluten-free diet enabled the patients with CD to have a reduction in the inflammatory parameters whereas the absence of a significant difference in the elastic properties of the aorta may suggest that the risk of cardiovascular disease persists in this patient group despite a gluten-free diet.

Triisopropylsilylethynyl-substituted indenofluorenes: carbonyl <i>versus</i> dicyanovinylene functionalization in one-dimensional molecular crystals and solution-processed n-channel OFETs

Ozdemir, Resul,Park, Sangyun,Deneme, İ,brahim,Park, Yonghan,Zorlu, Yunus,Alidagi, Husniye Ardic,Harmandar, Kevser,Kim, Choongik,Usta, Hakan The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Organic chemistry frontiers Vol.5 No.20

<P>The design and synthesis of novel electron-deficient and solution-processable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons offers great opportunities for the development of low-cost and large-area (opto)electronics. Although (trialkylsilyl)ethynyl (R3Si-CC-) has emerged as a very popular unit to solubilize organic semiconductors, it has been applied only to a limited class of materials that are mostly substituted on short molecular axes. Herein, two novel solution-processable indenofluorene-based semiconductors, TIPS-IFDK and TIPS-IFDM, bearing (triisopropylsilyl)ethynyl end units at 2,8-positions (<I>long molecular axis substitution</I>) were synthesized, and their single-crystal structures, optoelectronic properties, solution-sheared thin-film morphologies/microstructures, and n-channel field-effect responses were studied. In accordance with the DFT calculations, the HOMO/LUMO energies of the new compounds are found to be −5.77/−3.65 eV and −5.84/−4.18 eV for TIPS-IFDK and TIPS-IFDM, respectively, reflecting the high electron deficiency of the new π-backbones. Both semiconductors exhibit slightly S-shaped molecular frameworks with highly coplanar IFDK/IFDM π-cores, and they form slipped π-stacked one-dimensional (1-D) columnar motifs in the solid state. However, substantial differences in the degree of π-π interactions and stacking distances (4.04 Å <I>vs.</I> 3.47 Å) were observed between TIPS-IFDK and TIPS-IFDM as a result of carbonyl <I>vs.</I> dicyanovinylene functionalization, which results in a three orders of magnitude variation in the charge carrier mobility of the corresponding thin films. Top-contact/bottom-gate OFETs fabricated <I>via</I> solution-shearing TIPS-IFDM yielded one of the best performances in the (trialkylsilyl)ethynyl literature (<I>μ</I>e = 0.02 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>−1</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP>, <I>I</I>on/<I>I</I>off = 10<SUP>7</SUP>-10<SUP>8</SUP>, and <I>V</I>T ∼ 2 V under ambient atmosphere) for a 1-D polycrystalline semiconductor microstructure. To the best of our knowledge, the molecules presented here are the first examples of n-type semiconductors substituted with (trialkylsilyl)ethynyl groups on their long molecular axes.</P>