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Molecular Mechanisms of Primary Aldosteronism
Sergei G. Tevosian,Shawna C. Fox,Hans K. Ghayee 대한내분비학회 2019 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.34 No.4
Primary aldosteronism (PA) results from excess production of mineralocorticoid hormone aldosterone by the adrenal cortex. It isnormally caused either by unilateral aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) or by bilateral aldosterone excess as a result of bilateraladrenal hyperplasia. PA is the most common cause of secondary hypertension and associated morbidity and mortality. While mostcases of PA are sporadic, an important insight into this debilitating disease has been derived through investigating the familial formsof the disease that affect only a minor fraction of PA patients. The advent of gene expression profiling has shed light on the genes andintracellular signaling pathways that may play a role in the pathogenesis of these tumors. The genetic basis for several forms of familial PA has been uncovered in recent years although the list is likely to expand. Recently, the work from several laboratories provided evidence for the involvement of mammalian target of rapamycin pathway and inflammatory cytokines in APAs; however, theirmechanism of action in tumor development and pathophysiology remains to be understood.