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Development of the Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder-After School Checklist
Hanik K. Yoo,Hannah Huh,Sukhyun Lee,Kwangmo Jung,Bongseog Kim 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2018 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.29 No.2
Objectives: This study aimed to develop the attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-After School Checklist (ASK) to evaluate the severity of ADHD symptoms and self-management ability in children and adolescents in South Korea. Additionally, we evaluated the reliability and validity of the scale. Methods: We developed the ASK to evaluate the effect of ADHD psychopathologies on self-management and interpersonal impulsivity. We investigated the reliability and validity of the scale with 1349 parents (male 56.9%; 1202 parents of non-ADHD children, 147 parents of children with ADHD) in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province, Korea. Results: According to the construct validity test using principal constant analysis with the varimax rotation method, two factors explained 60.7% of the cumulative variance in ASK scores. Cronbach’s alpha for the whole scale was 0.71. There was no statistical difference between mean ASK scores at test and retest. Mean total ASK scores of the ADHD group were significantly higher than those of the non-ADHD group (p<0.001). Conclusion: The ASK can be used as a reliable and valid tool to evaluate not only self-management capability of children and adolescents with ADHD in their academic and everyday life, but also their impulsiveness in interpersonal relationships.
유한익(Hanik K. Yoo),백경원(Kyoung Won Paik) 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2008 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.19 No.2
Although the scientific evidence is not entirely supportive, atypical antipsychotics have been used widely for the treatment of children and adolescents with mental illnesses as alternatives to typical antipsychotics which have more serious unwanted adverse effects than atypical neuroleptics. On the basis of clinical experiences and research data, atypical antipsychotics have been prescribed for adolescents with schizophrenia, manic or mixed episodes of bipolar disorders, tic disorders, aberrant behaviors in pervasive developmental disorders, and impulsive or violent behaviors in disruptive behavior disorders. Due to their efficacy and relatively more tolerable side effects, the use of atypical antipsychotics has become increasingly popular in child and adolescent psychiatry. However, we should pay attention to the limitations associated with short-term clinical experiences and the lack of well-designed controlled studies, especially in terms of adverse effects including those involving metabolic processes.
국내 아동 및 청소년 주의력 평가를 위한 종합주의력검사의 표준화 연구
유한익(Hanik K. Yoo),이중선(Jungsun Lee),강성희(Sung Hee Kang),박은희(Eun Hee Park),정재석(Jaesuk Jung),김붕년(Boong-Nyun Kim),손정우(Jung-Woo Son),박태원(Tae Won Park),김봉석(Bongseok Kim),이영식(Young Sik Lee) 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2009 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.20 No.2
Objectives: This study was conducted in order to develop and obtain the nonnative data of the computerized Comprehensive Attention Test(CAT) in Korean children and adolescents. It also aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the CAT. Methods: We developed the computerized CAT which includes the selective attention task, the sustained attention to response task, the flanker task, the divided attention task, and the spatial working memory task. We investigated the test-retest reliability and the construction validity of this computerized version by using the data from 21 children, and gathered the nonnative data of 9l2 subjects, aged 4 to 15 years, dwelling in the Metropolitan Seoul area in 2008. Results: No statistical differences between means of the tests and retests of the CAT were observed. The mean of the correlation coefficient of the test-retest scores was 0.715. The results from the factor analyses explained 51.7% of the cumulative variance. In addition, the nonnative data for all of the CAT subtests were obtained. Conclusion: The computerized CAT can be used as a reliable and valid tool in both clinical and research settings for Korean children and adolescents with or without neuropsychiatric conditions such as attention deficit.
국내 제주지역 초등학생 읽기 및 수학 학습장해 유병률 연구
유한익(Hanik K. Yoo),허한나(Han-nah Huh),홍인화(In Hwa Hong),김중훈(Jung Hun Kim),김희정(Hee-Jung Kim),조성진(Seong-jin Cho),양수진(Su-Jin Yang),정재석(Jae-suk Jung) 대한신경정신의학회 2018 신경정신의학 Vol.57 No.4
Objectives This study investigated the prevalence of reading and mathematical learning disabilities of students at primary schools in Jeju Island, South Korea. We examined major causes of learning disabilities including reading disorder, mathematical disorder, attention deficit, and other causes including socioemotional factors. Methods We conducted screening processes to 659 participants (340 male, 51%) in 4 elementary schools in Jeju Island. To identify the causes of learning problems, 84 children were administered tests such as the Korean-Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-fourth edition, the Comprehensive Learning Test-Reading/Math, and the Comprehensive Attention Test. Results This study found that 13% of elementary school students in the Jeju region had learning disabilities. Among learning disabilities, specific reading and mathematical disorders accounted for 9% of study subjects. In addition, 2% of participants had intellectual impairment and 1% had other causes such as socioemotional factors. 65% of children with learning disabilities and 74% of children with reading or mathematic disorders had concurrent attention deficit disorder. 68% of children with reading disorders also had comorbid mathematical disorder. Conclusion The prevalence, causes, and comorbidity of reading and mathematical learning disabilities of students in Jeju Island, South Korea did not differ from those in foreign countries. Because most learning disabilities are complex, comprehensive evaluations and tailored interventions are necessary to help children with learning disabilities.
국내 아동 및 청소년 난독증 진단을 위한 종합학습능력평가도구-읽기의 표준화 연구
유한익(Hanik K. Yoo),정재석(Jaesuk Jung),이은경(Eun Kyung Lee),강성희(Sung Hee Kang),박은희(Eun Hee Park),최인욱(InWook Choi) 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2016 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.27 No.2
Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop the computerized Comprehensive Learning Test-Reading (CLT-R) to evaluate the cognitive processes and achievements related to their basic reading ability and identify dyslexia in children and adolescents in South Korea. We also obtained the normative data and evaluated the reliability and validity of the test. Methods: We developed the CLT-R, including the word attack/nonword decoding, paragraph reading, sound blending, nonword repetition, rapid automatized naming, letter-sound matching, visual attention, orthography awareness, and digit span tests, for the purpose of diagnosing dyslexia. We investigated the reliability and validity of the tests and gathered the normative data from 399 subjects (male 48.9%), aged 5-14 years, from the last grade in kindergarten to middle school, dwelling in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. Results: No statistical differences were observed between the means of the tests and retests of the CAT. The mean of the correlation coefficient of the test-retest scores was 0.85. According to the construct validity test calculated by principal constant analysis using the oblique rotation method, 4 factors explained 70.0% of the cumulative variances. In addition, the normative data were obtained for all of the CLT-R subtests. Conclusion: The computerized CLT-R can be used as a reliable and valid tool to evaluate the reading achievement and reading related cognitive process in Korean children and adolescents in schools, clinics, and research institutes.
국내 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 아동 및 청소년에서 메타데이트CD의 임상증상 및 신경인지기능 개선 효과에 대한 개방 연구
유한익(Hanik K. Yoo),김봉석(Bongseog Kim),정유숙(Yoo Sook Joung),반건호(Geon Ho Bahn),송동호(Dong Ho Song),안동현(Dong Hyun Ahn),이영식(Young Sik Lee) 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2011 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.22 No.4
Objectives:This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of Metadate CD (MCD) when given to Korean children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We also explored the effects of the drug on diverse neurocognitive functions. Methods:Ninety-one subjects with ADHD (mean age 8.6±2.2 years) were recruited at 6 outpatient clinics in Seoul, Korea. We used the ADHD Rating Scale (ARS), Clinical Global Impression (CGI), and comprehensive attention test (CAT) to measure the drug?s effects. Results: After 0.92±0.32mg/kg/day of MCD were administered for 57.4±7.6 days, there was a 48.5% reduction in the mean total ARS scores (p<.001). Fifty-seven subjects (64.8%) showed either much improved or very much improved outcomes on the CGI-Improvement scale. The CGI-Severity scale also decreased from an average of 4.7 to an average of 2.9 (p<.001). Errors and response time standard deviations of the CAT, sustained attention test-to-response tasks, the flanker test, and divided attention test scores decreased after treatment (p<.05). The forward memory span of the spatial working memory test scores increased (p<.05). Thirty-five patients (39.8%) experienced side effects, of which the most common were headache (14.8%), nausea (12.5%), and anorexia (9.1%). Conclusion:This open-label study suggests that MCD is effective and safe in improving the symptoms and neurocognitive functions of Korean children and adolescents with ADHD.