Production of Hypoallergenic Cocoa Beans by a Pregermination Treatment Method

Handoyo, Tri,Mitsugu, Akagawa,Kim, Kyung-Min The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2015 식물생명공학회지 Vol.42 No.2

Pregermination treatment of cocoa beans either with the testa, group PCB (+T), or without the testa, group PCB (-T), was studied here to determine whether this treatment (incubation up to 120 h at $25^{\circ}C$) has any effect on the levels of allergenic proteins or on chemical composition. Our proximate analysis included carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. We used western blotting to measure changes in the amounts of allergenic proteins in the cocoa beans during the pregermination treatment. The protein and carbohydrate content of both groups (with or without the testa) decreased slightly during this treatment, whereas lipid content increased. Group PCB (-T) showed more rapid metabolic processes than did group PCB (+T) during the pregermination treatment. Western blot analysis showed that the cocoa beans contained an allergenic protein of ~28 kDa. Removal of the testa strongly reduced the amount of this allergenic protein after 72 h of the pregermination treatment. Generally, the pregermination treatment increased antioxidant activity in both groups. Significant differences in the antioxidant activity were observed between groups PCB (-T) and PCB (+T). Particularly, group PCB (-T) showed high antioxidant activity at 72 h of the pregermination treatment. Thus, the combination of cocoa beans without the testa and pregermination treatment (72 h) seems to be the optimal method for production of hypoallergenic cocoa beans rich in antioxidants for patients with allergic disorders.

Production of Hypoallergenic Cocoa Beans by a Pregermination Treatment Method

Tri Handoyo,Akagawa Mitsugu,김경민 한국식물생명공학회 2015 식물생명공학회지 Vol.42 No.2

Pregermination treatment of cocoa beans either with the testa, group PCB (+T), or without the testa, group PCB (-T), was studied here to determine whether this treatment (incubation up to 120 h at 25°C) has any effect on the levels of allergenic proteins or on chemical composition. Our proximate analysis included carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. We used western blotting to measure changes in the amounts of allergenic proteins in the cocoa beans during the pregermination treatment. The protein and carbohydrate content of both groups (with or without the testa) decreased slightly during this treatment, whereas lipid content increased. Group PCB (-T) showed more rapid metabolic processes than did group PCB (+T) during the pregermination treatment. Western blot analysis showed that the cocoa beans contained an allergenic protein of ~28 kDa. Removal of the testa strongly reduced the amount of this allergenic protein after 72 h of the pregermination treatment. Generally, the pregermination treatment increased antioxidant activity in both groups. Significant differences in the antioxidant activity were observed between groups PCB (-T) and PCB (+T). Particularly, group PCB (-T) showed high antioxidant activity at 72 h of the pregermination treatment. Thus, the combination of cocoa beans without the testa and pregermination treatment (72 h) seems to be the optimal method for production of hypoallergenic cocoa beans rich in antioxidants for patients with allergic disorders.

Sarcasm Detection in Twitter - Performance Impact While Using Data Augmentation: Word Embeddings

Alif Tri Handoyo,Hidayaturrahman,Derwin Suhartono,Criscentia Jessica Setiadi 한국지능시스템학회 2022 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of FUZZY LOGIC and INTELLIGE Vol.22 No.4

Sarcasm is the use of words commonly used to ridicule someone or for humorous purposes. Several studies on sarcasm detection have utilized different learning algorithms. However,most of these learning models have always focused on the contents of expression only, thusleaving the contextual information in isolation. As a result, they failed to capture the contextualinformation in the sarcastic expression. Moreover, some datasets used in several studies havean unbalanced dataset, thus impacting the model result. In this paper, we propose a contextualmodel for sarcasm identification in Twitter using various pre-trained models and augmentingthe dataset by applying Global Vector representation (GloVe) for the construction of wordembedding and context learning to generate more sarcastic data, and also perform additionalexperiments by using the data duplication method. Data augmentation and duplication impactis tested in various datasets and augmentation sizes. In particular, we achieved the bestperformance after using the data augmentation method to increase 20% of the data labeledas sarcastic and improve the performance by 2.1% with an F1 Score of 40.44% compared to38.34% before using data augmentation in the iSarcasm dataset.

QTL mapping related to grain shattering using DH population in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Gyu-Ho Lee,Hyun-Suk Lee,Tri Handoyo,Fika Ayu Safitri,A Ra Cho,Kyung-Min Kim 한국육종학회 2014 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2014 No.07

The seed shattering played a key role in the crucial step of rice domestication. Because it has been important to increase the yield human had to select the rice varieties and species with low shattering degree. The shattering habit of rice is considered to be under the relatively simple genetic control compared with other characteristics related to domestication. Several recessive genes associated with the formation of an abscission layer, sh2, sh4 and sh-h on chromosomes 1, 3 and 7, have been reported. In addition, the grain shattering of rice is considered to be caused by seed abscission. The morphology of the abscission layer can differ in many different rice varieties that show varying degrees of shattering. Accordingly, it is important to elucidate the molecular mechanism to determine why some varieties do not have abscission layers and have an easy-shattering trait. In this study, analysis of QTL for grain shattering was performed to determine the location of QTLs on the whole chromosomes of rice. Also, we tried to construct a physical map for qPs6

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Indonesian Aromatic Rice Varieties (Oryza sativa L.) Using RAPD

Nur Meili Zakiyah,Tri Handoyo,김경민 한국작물학회 2019 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.22 No.1

In this research, we investigated genetic diversity of 21 rice genotypes (Oryza sativa L.) assessed using 38 decamer RAPD primers. A total of 405 bands were produced from 38 primers, which revealed that 84.44% was polymorphic and 15.56% was monomorphic. From the first cluster, Batang Gadis separated from 14 other genotypes. The second cluster consisted of six genotypes which all had awn in the seed except Gogo Fatuk Masin. The high number of amplified polymorphism bands showed that the markers can be used to distinguish the rice genotype well. RAPD markers can show differences in individual fingerprint patterns, since genetic variation is important for the maintenance and development of the organism's potential. The information about the genetic diversity in this study was useful for plant breeders in the selection of elders and processing of plant cultivation.

Impact of transgenic sugarcane overexpressing SoSPS1 gene on bacterial diversity, enzyme activity and minerals content in soil rhizosphere

Fitria Ekawati Wulandari,Suherman,Tri Handoyo,김경민,Bambang Sugiharto 한국작물학회 2021 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.24 No.1

The transgenic sugarcane overexpressing SoSPS1 gene increased sugar content which may alter the root exudation that interact with soil rhizosphere microorganism. The microbial plays an important role in biochemical cycling and nutrient transformation in the soil. Therefore, it is important to investigate the potential risk of the transgenic sugarcane on soil ecosystem. This study is designed to evaluate the impact of overexpressing gene for sucrose-phosphate synthesis ( So SPS1) on the bacterial diversity, enzyme activity and nutrient contents. The transgenic sugarcane showed no signifi cant difference in the population of culturable bacteria in the soil rhizosphere compared to non-transgenic counterpart. The populations of total, nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria were similar in transgenic and non-transgenic sugarcane, although the bacterial population tends to increase at later sugarcane growth stage may due to the rise in nutrition from the root exudation. The PCR analysis showed no detection of horizontal gene fl ow in the bacteria. However, urease activity was significantly decreased in the transgenic sugarcane concomitant with lower nitrogen content in the soil rhizosphere at a later growth stage might due to the transgenic sugarcane lines increased nitrogen absorption for higher growth rate. Furthermore, the nutrient contents, such as organic carbon, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and calcium, slightly varied in the soil rhizosphere but did not affected by the transgenic sugarcane. The results suggested that the transgenic sugarcane overexpressing SoSPS1 gene may not aff ect the bacterial diversity, nutrient contents and soil ecosystem.

Analysis of Rice Grain Quality-Associated Quantitative Trait Loci by Using Genetic Mapping

Yun, Byung-Wook,Kim, Min-Gyu,Handoyo, Tri,Kim, Kyung-Min 'Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.' 2014 American journal of plant sciences Vol.5 No.9

Genetic and phytochemical analysis of Indonesian black rice cultivars

Irza Guari Syah Fitri,Nurhasanah,Handoyo Tri 한국작물학회 2021 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.24 No.5

There are many local black rice cultivars spread throughout Indonesia and are only a few of these which formally describe their genetic diversity and phytochemical properties. It has not been reported that some local black rice has contained higher secondary metabolic, including phenolic, favonoid, anthocyanin, and antioxidant capacity than other colored rice and which contributes to the source of functional food. Genetic diversity analysis of 18 colored and 3 white rice genotypes using microsatellite and inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers, morphological characters and phytochemical properties (TPC, TFC, TAC, and antioxidant activity) were observed in this study. The amylose, phenolic, favonoid and anthocyanin contents of the ffteen local black rice cultivars had approximately 8.50–27.74%, 171.32–405.20 mg GAE/100 g dry weight, 90.36–187.94 mg QE/100 g dry weight, and 11.23–103.22 mg CYE/100 g dry weight, respectively. While IC50 of DPPH radical scavenging activity is approximately 24.46–62.81 µg/mL. All cultivars were clustered into two clusters and four sub-cluster based on amylose, phytochemical properties, and antioxidant capacity named hierarchical cluster. Hierarchical clustering indicates that two clusters showed diferent properties, of which cluster (I) (Hitam Banjarnegara) has the greatest phytochemical properties; cluster (II) (Inpari 23) has the lowest phytochemical properties. The genetic diversity of all cultivars was assessed using twenty microsatellite and ISSR markers. Genetic clustering showed two clusters and four subclusters, the genetic distance values ranged from 0.581 to 0.983 for all cultivars. Genetic analysis separates Indonesian local rice into two clusters which showed the diferent types of rice, in which cluster I was divided into sub-cluster (IA) (white and red rice) and sub-cluster (IB) (black rice); cluster (II) consisted of the twelve black rice cultivars.

Expression of somatic embryogenesis-related genes in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.)

Ahdatu Uli Khikamil Maulidiya,Bambang Sugiharto,Parawita Dewanti,Tri Handoyo 한국작물학회 2020 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.23 No.3

The low frequency of plantlet regenerates from the somatic embryogenesis (SE) callus in sugarcane becomes a problem to produce its seed. Plant growth regulators were able to increase the regeneration frequency of SE to normal plantlets, such as 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) as promoting callus induction. Since molecular mechanisms involved SE in sugarcane have not been reported, expression of Baby Boom (BBM) and Leafy Cotyledon (LEC) genes related to SE had investigated. The effect of diff erence concentration of 2,4-D on callus induction and expression of somatic embryogenesis-related genes (BBM and LEC) in sugarcane were important information for the increasing quantity and quality of seed production. The percentage of callus formation and embryogenic callus in the Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium contained 4 mg/L 2,4-D after 6 weeks cultivation were 76% and 86%, respectively. The MS + 4 mg/L 2,4-D medium was recommended for the large-scale embryogenic callus production from sugarcane explant. The high-level expression of BBM and LEC was shown in the embryogenic callus, which suggested that the expressions of both genes were believed to play on the somatic embryogenesis regulation in sugarcane.

Callus Induction and Regeneration from Anther Cultures of Indonesian Indica Black Rice Cultivar

Anisa Maharani,Wahyu Indra Duwi Fanata,Faida Nur Laeli,김경민,Tri Handoyo 한국작물학회 2020 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.23 No.1

The assembly of superior varieties and collection of rice germplasm involves the process of selecting and storing elders that have superior genotypic properties and phenotypes. The anther culture techniques on indica black rice cultivar have a high difficulty factor to get plants, because of the low regeneration ability at the plant formation phase from the anther callus. This study aimed to investigate the influence of the cold-pretreatment time on anther, the combination of plant growth regulators (PGR’s) concentrations, and putrescine concentrations in media for the increase callus induction and plant regeneration of indica black rice. The optimization of the cold pre-treatment time was important to obtain the high-frequency callus induction, which showed that anther at the 4°C for 8 days formed the high callus induction (20%). To accelerate the callus induction, the application of 20 µM putrescine in the MS medium could produce more friable embryogenic callus for 24 days with 27% of callus formation. Generally, the optimal medium for the high frequency of callus induction contained 2 mgL-1 NAA+0.5 mgL-1 Kinetin+20 µM putrescine. Especially indica black rice cultivars, the best media to get a high plant regeneration frequency were N6 media containing the combination of 2 mgL-1 IAA and 2,5 mgL-1 Kinetin. The total callus regenerated to plantlet about 12.5%. The study of the callus induction and in-vitro plant regeneration medium for indica black rice were still important to develop to get the best result for other cultivars.