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The Retrospective Study of Closed Reduction of Nasal Bone Fracture
Park, Han-Kyul,Lee, Jae-Yeol,Song, Jae-Min,Kim, Tae-Seup,Shin, Sang-Hun Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Re 2014 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.36 No.6
Purpose: This study was conducted in order to investigate the therapeutic effect of closed reduction according to a classification in patients with nasal bone fracture. Methods: The study was conducted retrospectively on 186 patients with a mean age of 38 years (range: 7 to 80 years). All patients were diagnosed by clinical and radiologic examination, and then classified according to Hwang's classification by computed tomography. The patients were further classified by their age, gender, causes of fracture, operation timing after fracture, concurrent facial bone fracture, and complications. All patients underwent the same reduction and treatment protocol and were then followed up regularly for at least three months. Results: The cause of the fracture was slip down, and the highest prevalence was shown in the 20s. The mean operation timing after fracture was 4.1 days (range: 1 to 14 days), and it tended to be longer in the case of defected septal bone or more severe fracture. The most common concurrent facial bone fracture was orbital blow-out fracture, and zygomaticomaxillary complex and maxillary fracture occured frequently. The largest number of complications occurred in class III and IIBs patients, and the main complication was postoperative pain. Conclusion: Results of nasal bone closed reduction on the 186 patients showed that serious complications rarely occurred. Closed reduction is generally an effective treatment for nasal bone fracture. However, in the case of severe concurrent septal bone fracture or comminuted fracture with depression, open reduction should be considered. Further study with a larger number of patients and further classification is required.
노년기 정신장애 환자의 기본적 일상생활 기능에 영향을 미치는 우울 및 인지 요인에 대한 예비연구
박한결(Han-Kyul Park),왕성근(Seong-Keun Wang),이종범(Jong-Bum Lee),김진성(Jin-Sung Kim),배대석(Dai-Seok Bai),구본훈(Bon-Hoon Koo) 대한생물치료정신의학회 2010 생물치료정신의학 Vol.16 No.1
노년기 정신장애 환자들의 우울증상과 인지기능장애의 특성이 일상생활 기능에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 114명을 대상으로 노인 우울증 집단, 알쯔하이머형 치매 집단, 신경증적 장애 집단으로 구분하여 서울신경심리검사를 시행한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 일상생활 기능에 영향을 미치는 우울증상과 인지기능 장애의 구체적 요인을 살펴보면, 노인 우울증 집단에서는 인지기능 요인보다는 우울증상 요인, 특히 초조감이 일상생활 기능에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 알쯔하이머형 치매 집단의 경우 일상생활 기능에 영향을 미치는 인지기능 요인은 전두엽/실행기능과 연관된 범주 또는 의미 유창성이었고, 우울증상 요인은 사회적 철수 경향과 불행감이었다. 신경증적 장애 집단은 결혼 상태와 질환의 이환기간, 그리고 우울증상 중 초조감이 일상생활 기능에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 노인성 정신장애 환자에서 우울증상과 인지기능장애가 일상생활에 영향을 미치는 정도나 특정요인은 각 질환마다 다양하며 이에 따른 개입방법 및 향후 대책이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Objectives:The purpose of this study is to investigate specific factors of depression and cognitive dysfunction that affect on basic activities of daily living among psychiatric disorders in elderly patients. Methods:Groups with geriatric depression, Alzheimer’s disease and neurotic disorders in elderly patients were selected, and were performed Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery(SNSB). Results:In group with geriatric depression, agitation can affect on activities of daily living rather than factors of cognitive dysfunction. Factor of cognitive dysfunction that affect on activities of daily living in group with Alzheime'r’s disease is category/semantic fluency relation to frontal/executive function, and factors of depression that affect on activities of daily living in group with Alzheimer’s disease are social withdrawal tendency and feeling of unhappiness. And, factor that affect on activities of daily living in group with neurotic disorders in elderly patients is agitation rather than factors of cognitive dysfunction. Conclusion:The degrees and specific factors of depression and cognitive dysfunction that affect on basic activities of daily living among psychiatric disorders in elderly patients are variable in each specific illness. Clinicians should consider these kind of specific factors in the treatment of elderly patients.
Lee, Jae Hoon,Park, Jong-Hyung,Nam, Tae-Wook,Seo, Sun-Min,Kim, Jun-Young,Lee, Han-Kyul,Han, Jong Hyun,Park, Song Yi,Choi, Yang-Kyu,Lee, Han-Woong Chapman & Hall 2018 Transgenic research Vol.27 No.3
<P>Immunodeficient mice are widely used for pre-clinical studies to understand various human diseases. Here, we report the generation of four immunodeficient mouse models using CRISPR/Cas9 system without inserting any foreign gene sequences such as Neo<SUP>R</SUP> cassettes and their characterization. By eliminating any possible effects of adding a Neo<SUP>R</SUP> cassette, our mouse models may allow us to better elucidate the in vivo functions of each gene. Our FVB-<I>Rag2</I><SUP>−/−</SUP>, B6-<I>Rag2</I><SUP>−/−</SUP>, and BALB/c-<I>Prkdc</I><SUP>−/−</SUP> mice showed phenotypes similar to those of the earlier immunodeficient mouse models, including a lack of mature B cells and T cells and an increase in the number of CD45<SUP>+</SUP>DX-5<SUP>+</SUP> natural killer cells. However, B6-<I>Il2rg</I><SUP>−/−</SUP> mice had a unique phenotype, with a lack of mature B cells, increased number of T cells, and decreased number of natural killer cells. Additionally, serum immunoglobulin levels in all four immunodeficient mouse models were significantly reduced when compared to those in wild-type mice with the exception of IgM in B6-<I>Il2r</I>g<SUP>−/−</SUP> mice. These results indicate that our immunodeficient mouse models are a robust tool for in vivo studies of the immune system and will provide new insights into the variation in phenotypic outcomes resulting from different gene-targeting methodologies.</P><P><B>Electronic supplementary material</B></P><P>The online version of this article (10.1007/s11248-018-0069-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</P>