Expansion Analysis of Subsea Pipe-In-Pipe Due to High Temperature and High Pressure Product

HAN­SUK CHOI(최한석),HYUN-MO SON(손현모),SI-YOUNG KIM(김시영) 한국해양공학회 2002 韓國海洋工學會誌 Vol.16 No.5

본 논문은 고온 고압의 유류 수송용 이중배관의 팽창에 대한 해석적 방법에 대한 결과고찰과 해석, 그리고 설계시 응용이 가능한 현상에 대해 논하였다. 고온의 유류수송시 온도를 유지할 목적으로 내부의 수송 배관과 외부의 케이싱 배관사이에 절연체가 쓰여진다. 이런 이중배관의 팽창을 조사할 수 있는 간단한 해석적 방법이 개발되었다. 본 논문에서는 온도의 분포, 압력, 토질의 저항, 수송배관과 케이싱배관과의 상호작용 등이 고려되어졌으며, 이 해석적 방법은 심해의 이중배관 해석에 적합하게 개발되었다. 계산의 결과 분석에서 고온의 영향이 고압보다 현저한 것이 밝혀졌다.

흰쥐의 발치아에 이식된 태아 치아싹의 발육

최병재,장석철,정한성,이제호,김성오 大韓小兒齒科學會 2006 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.33 No.1

정상적인 치열의 형성 및 치아의 생성과정을 분석하고 실제로 임상에 적용하기 위해 치아의 발생과정을 연구하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 본 연구는 이식된 태아 치아싹의 석회화가 가능하고 정상적인 구조로 발육할 수 있는지 밝히기 위해, 그리고 악골 자체가 새로운 이식 공여부로 사용가능한지 알기 위해 흰쥐의 발치와에 치아싹을 이식하여 치아의 형성을 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 성숙한 흰쥐의 상악 제 1구치를 발거한 발치와에 13.5일된 태아쥐의 치아싹을 이식한 후 4,8주 후에 희생하여 조직학적 및 방사선학적으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 이식된 치아싹에서 상아질과 백악질, 치수, 치주인대의 소견을 갖는 석회화된 조직이 형성되었다. 2. 형성된 경조직 및 연조직은 정상적인 치아형성과정에 비해 발육이 늦었으며 유착 및 골양상아질(osteodentin)과 같은 비정상적 조직이 관찰되었다. 3. 석회화된 조직은 8주내에 악궁으로 맹출하는 소견이 관찰되지 않았다. The developmental process of a tooth is being presented as an important study subject to analyze formation of normal dental arch and tooth. The purpose of this study was to see the formation of tooth from a tooth bud transplanted in a white rat regarding that the jawbone could be used as a new donor site of a trasplant. The first molar of a matured white rat was extracted and the tooth bud of a 13.5 day rat embryo was transplanted. The histological and radiographical results after 4 and 8 weeks respectively are as the following. 1. Calcification in dentin, cementum, pulp and periodontal ligament was formed from the tooth bud transplanted in the alveolar socket. 2. The development of hard and soft tissue was delayed compared to the normal tooth formation and abnormal histologic features such as ankylosis and osteodentin were found. 3. The formed hard tissue did not erupt into the jaw within 8 weeks.

하천폭의 국부적 축소 및 확대에 따른 수리특성 연구

최한규,김주석,백효선 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2007 産業技術硏究 Vol.27 No.B

This research investigated the way of generating the flowing of water in case of artificial fluctuation of river width by the unidimensional numerical analysis in order to reconstruct vertical and expanse features of flowing, and the problem of existing numerical analysis in accordance with local enlargement and reduction of river through hydraulic model experiments with results of numerical analysis. The result revealed that when the local section change in the same river is exist, it showed 0.93m in the case of no change of local section in the hydraulic model experiments and numerical analysis, however, it presented 1.645m on the occasion of local section changes in the hydraulic model experiments and numerical analysis, In other words, there was a significant difference in the existing numerical analysis, when there was a local section change. As a result of the experimental section for the enlargement and reduction of local river width, due to the sensitive change for fluctuation of flood discharge, there was a significant difference between numerical analysis and hydraulic model experiments. In addition, the result of comparison between the enlargement and reduction of local river width confirmed that the result of numerical analysis with hydraulic model experiments showed larger generation of deviation in case of enlargement of section than in case of reduction of section.

경북지역 주부들의 전통 부엌 세간의 보유 현황 및 이용실태 조사 연구

한재숙,최영희,조연숙,변재옥,한경필,김현옥,정종기,최석현 동아시아식생활학회 2002 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Housewives residing in the Kyongsang-Buk-do area were surveyed to determine their ownership of Korean traditional kitchen appliances and their usages. A breakdown of the appliances for the survey was as follows: 16 tableware, 17 household utensils, 15 heating utensils, 14 ceramic and earthen pottery, 6 stone utensils, 9 cooking utensils, 9 utensils made of the dried bamboo and bush clover, and 13 dining tables ("sang"). The types of the appliances with the largest ownerships and most frequently used were as follows: The jeopsi was most frequently owned, followed by the daejeop and the jaengban. The most frequently used item was the jubal,, followed by the daejeop and the jeopsi. Among the wooden utensils, bangmangi was most frequently owned, followed by the chanjang, the che, the doe, mal and hop. The most frequently used household utensil was the chanjang, followed by the takjasang and the doe, mal and hop. The utensil the most people owned for heating was the jujeonja, followed by the seoksoe, the musoesot and the siru. The most frequently used utensil for heating was the jujeonja, the musoesot and the seoksoe, in the order. As for the ceramic and earthen pottery, hangari and dok were owned and used most frequently. The maetdol and the jeolgu, though very low in their ownership rate, were most frequently owned items among the stoned utensils. The kal and the doma were the most frequently owned and used cooking utensils. The sokuri, and the chaeban and the baguni were the most frequently owned among the utensils made of the dried bamboo, bush clover and straw, while the sokuri was used the most frequently, followed by the chaeban and the jori. Among the dining tables, the kyojasang was the item most frequently owned, followed by the seonban and the chaeksangban, while the wonban was the most frequently used, followed by the kyojasang and the chaeksangban.

50% 아세토니트릴 수용액에서 p-Nitrotoluene의 전기화학적 환원

최석남,박병빈,한명종 공주대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1998 과학교육연구 Vol.29 No.1

순환전압전류법과 조절전위전기분해법을 이용하여 50% 아세토니트릴 수용매에서 p-nitrotoluene의 전기화학적 거동을 연구하였다. p-nitrotoluene은 50% 아세토니트릴 수용매에서 1전자 2단계 환원 반응을 나타내었다. 순환 전압 전류법으로 전극전위, 산화봉우리와 환원봉우리 전류, 전류함수값, 봉우리전위를 살펴본 결과 p-nitrotoluene의 환원반응에서 1 환원파는 확산지배적인 반응이나 2 환원파는 약간의 반응성 전류가 포함된 반응으로 나타났다. 순환전압전류법에서 제 1 환원파는 유사 가역적이었으며, 제 2 환원파는 가역성에서 벗어나 비가역적임이었다. 정전위 분해 결과와 생성물 분석을 통하여 p-nitrotoluene 1전자 2단계 환원을 하며 환원생성물은 4, 4´-dimethylazobenzene이 되는 것을 알 수 있다. The electrochemical behaviors of p-nitrotoluene in 50% acetonitrile aqueous solution were studied by using a cyclic voltammetry and a controlled potential coulometry. In 50% acetonitrile aqueous solution, the reduction of p-nitrotoluene proceeded two one-electron step. In order to investigate of the type of reduction current at every reduction step, dependencies of peak current on the scan rate and concentration of p-Nitrotoluene have been examined. The results were shown that the 1st reduction wave was considerably diffusion controlled reaction and the 2nd one contained a little kinetic current. From the cyclic voltammetry it was investigated peak current and peak potential, it found that the 1st reduction wave was quasi-reversible and the 2nd one was irreversible. In orther to explain the reduction mechanism, the number of the electrons for each reduction step was measured by controlled potential coulometric techanique and the electrolysis products were identified by UV spectroscopy. The result was shown that the reduction of p-nitrotoluene proceeds to give the corresponding azo compound, 4, 4´-dimethylazobenzene

소수성 촉매를 이용한 수소동위원소 교환 반응 측정을 위한 순환 반응기

최희주,이한수,안도희,강희석,김광락 한국공업화학회 2002 응용화학 Vol.6 No.2

The catalytic rate constants of hydrophobic catalysts developed for the removal of tritium mainly generated in the pressurized heavy water reactors should be measured. A recycle reactor was designed and built for characterzing the long-term behavior of the catalyst performance at the various temperatures and gas velocities.The catalytic rate constants were measured at the apparent gas velocity of 0.5 m/s and the temperature of 60℃. The initial catalytic constant was 8.44×10^-4mol/g.sec. This value is much greater than that considered in the design of Wolsong Tritium Removal Facility.

남성 알코올 의존 환자의 삶의 질과 정신-사회-영적 특성과의 관계

최삼욱,나란희,김한오,최성빈,최영숙 大韓神經精神醫學會 2006 신경정신의학 Vol.45 No.5

Objectives : This study was designed to evaluate the relationship between quality of life (QOL) and psycho-socio-spiritual characteristics in male patients with alcohol dependence. Methods : The sample consisted of 109 men with alcohol dependence defined by DSM-IV criteria. We assessed QOL by the WHO QOL assessment instrument-BREF (WHOQOL) and SmithKline Beecham QOL (SBQOL). Sociodemographic and alcohol related data were collected, and 7 questionnaires were administered : MAST, BDI, STAI, Drinker Inventory of Consequences (DrInC), Scale of Social Support (SSS), Religious Beliefs and Behaviors (RBB) and Spiritual Well-being Scale (SWBS). The correlations between each QOL score and other variables were examined, and stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed. Results : The WHOQOL score positively correlated with education level, SSS (support) and RBB and negatively correlated with MAST, DrInC, BDI, STAI (trait) and SSS (conflict) scores. In stepwise regression analysis, the scores on the STAl and BDI contributed to the score on the WHOOOL. The SBQOL score correlated with the income level, and negatively correlated with BDI and STAI score. STAI score was a weak predictor of SBQOL score. Conclusion : The significant predictors of QOL in patients with alcohol dependence were psychological factors such as anxiety and depression.

개선된 진동 모델을 이용한 온라인 서명검증에 관한 연구

최한석,박상배,장옥배 木浦大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1994 基礎科學硏究誌 Vol.12 No.-

In this study an improved dynamic oscillatory model is proposed and implemented for online signature verification. This proposed model has been improved to the oscillatory model which is based on human handwriting model. This model could be acquired the spatial and temporal features from dynamic signatures. The experimental result shows 97% of the successful signature verification. The experimental result shows that the proposed verification method is more adaptive than the preexisting verification methods.

대구, 경북지역 대학생의 식사행동 및 일본음식에 대한 인상 및 기호도 조사 연구

한재숙,이연정,최석현,최수근,권상용,최영희 동아시아식생활학회 2004 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.14 No.1

본 연구는 대구, 경북지역의 대학생(570명)을 대상으로 식사내용, 식사관습, 식사예절, 일본음식에 대한 인상과 시식경험 및 기호도를 조사한 것으로 그 분석결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 음식은 항상 일인분씩 담는다’의 경우는 전체응답자의 15.5%에 불과하였고, ‘음식을 큰 접시에 모아서 담는다’의 경우는 ‘가끔 한다’가 44.8%, ‘항상 한다’가 35.8%로 나타나 큰 접시에 모아서 담는 가정이 많았다. ‘저녁은 가끔 가족이 함께 모여서 먹는다’가 59.9%로 가장 많았고, ‘항상 가족이 모여 같은 음식을 먹는다’는 끼니는 아침이 42.3%, 저녁이 23.3%, 점심이 3%로 나타나 아침에 가족이 모여 같은 음식을 먹는 경우가 가장 많았다. 2. ‘식사시 가족의 자리가 정해져 있다’고 한 경우는 전체응답자의 53.5%였고, ‘가족이 모여 식사할 경우, 연장자가 수저를 들기 전에는 먹지 않는다’는 전체의 56.4%였으며, ‘가장에게는 음식의 양이나 수가 많다’는 30.9%였다. 3. 식사예절에 대해 가장 자주 주의를 받는 것은 ‘TV를 보지 않고 먹기’(13.4%), 남기지 않고 먹기(11.5%), ‘수저사용법’(8.0%)의 순으로 나타났다. 반면 ‘식기 부딪히는 소리’(76.9%), ‘입 다물고 먹기’(76.6%), ‘씹는 소리’(74.6%), ‘밥 먹는 모양’(71.4%), ‘수저 사용법’(69.7%)등은 전체응답자의 70% 이상이 ‘주의를 받지 않는다’고 하였다. 4. 음식 만들기에 대한 선호도는 5점 만점에 3.48점으로‘보통 이상’으로 나타났고 국가별 요리에 대한 기호도는 한국요리(4.39점)가 가장 높았고, 그 다음이 중국요리 (3.76점), 이태리요리(3.45점), 일본요리(3.32점) 순이었으며 프랑스요리(3.16점)가 가장 낮은 기호도를 보였다. 음식 만드는 빈도는 한달에 1∼2회 정도로 나타나 대학 생들이 직접 음식을 만드는 빈도는 매우 낮음을 알 수 있었다. 5. 일본 방문경험은 조사대상자의 93.8%가 없었으며, 그중 92.6%가 일본방문을 희망하였고 일본음식에 대한 이미지는 ‘가격이 비싸다’(4.15점), ‘장식이 아름답다’(4.05점), ‘색채가 예쁘다’(3.98점) 등은 높은 점수를 보인 반면에 ‘맵다’(2.21점), ‘기름기가 많다'(2.51점), ’깊은 맛이 있다‘(2.56점) 등은 낮은 점수를 보였다. 6. 일본음식 중 가장 높은 시식경험을 가진 것은 우동(95.3%)이었고 그 다음은 스시(93.1%), 덴뿌라(81.9%)순 이었고, 반면에 니쿠자가(6.4%), 오차즈께(9.3%), 오코 노미야끼(11.1%), 다코야끼(16.0%) 등은 매우 낮은 시식경험을 보였다. 7. 일본음식에 대한 기호도는 우동(3.98점), 스시(3.85점), 덴뿌라(3.69점), 소바(3.43점), 스키야끼(3.12점)는 대체로 높은 기호도를 나타낸 반면 낫또(2.68점), 오차즈께(2.76점), 오코노미야끼(2.87점), 미소시루(2.88점), 다코 야끼(2.88점) 등은 낮은 기호도를 보였다. 이상의 연구결과로 변모해 가는 우리전통 식사예절의 동향 파악이 가능하였고 가족간의 화목과 건강한 사회를 이루기 위한 가족 단란의 식사지침이 요구되었다. 한편 일본음식중에는 우동과 스시가 한국대학생들에게 가장 인기가 높은 음식임을 알 수 있었고 대부분의 일본요리에 대해 장식이 예쁘고 색채가 아름답지만 값이 비싸다는 이미지를 가지고 있어서 가격을 좀 더 낮춘다면 그 이용이 더욱 늘어날 것으로 기대되었다. 또한 낫또, 오차즈께, 오코노미야끼 등 이용도가 낮은 음식에 대해서는 한국인의 입맛에 맞는 요리법을 가미한다면 대중화가 가능하리라고 여겨진다. This study was conducted to investigate the dietary behavior and image and preference of Japanese foods. The Subjects were consisted of 570 university students(243 males and 327 females) in Daegu and Kyungbuk area, Korea. The students responses to the 10 questions about image of Japanese foods were also measured on 5 point Likert scale. Data were presented by using frequency, percentage, chi-square test and T-test. The results of this study were as follows: (1) On the eating habits, 'the whole family has breakfast together with same foods everyday' scored high as 42.3% and 'foods put in a big platter by gathering everyday' as 35.8%. (2) About the eating customs, 53.5% of the subjects responded that the seat was fixed at meal time, 56.4% didn't start to eat before the patriarch started a meal and 30.9% responded that the head of a family had more foods in number and quantity. (3) On the table manners, 13.4% of the subjects were scolded about 'watching TV on eating', 11.5% about 'making left-over foods', 8.0% about 'misuse of spoon and chopsticks'. (4) The preferred ethnic foods by University students was in other of Korean, Chinese, Italian, Japanese and French foods. (5) Among subjects, 93.8% had no experience of visiting Japan and 92.6% wanted to visit Japan. Images on the Japanese foods were 'the price is too expensive' (mean 4.15) and 'the decoration is wonderful'(mean 4.05). But the subjects did not think Japanese foods as 'hot'(mean 2.21) and 'greasy'(mean 2.51). (6) The favorite Japanese food of subjects was Udon(mean 3.98), Sushi(mean 3.85) and Tempura(mean 3.69). So Udon turned out to be the most popular Japanese foods by university students in Daegu and Kyungbuk area, Korea. But they did not prefer Natto(mean 2.68), Ochazuke(mean 2.76), Okonomiyaki(mean 2.87) and Misosirn and did not eat. From the above results, Korean university students preferred Udon to Natto among Japanese traditional foods, and they estimated Japanese foods as 'too expensive'. Therefore, lowering the price and developing the cooking method for Korean taste were needed to increase the intake of Japanese traditional foods by Korean university students and.

LED배열을 이용한 광Vector-Matrix 곱셈에 관한 연구

최평석,박한규 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1984 논문집 Vol.16 No.2

인코히어런트광은 이용하여 vector-matrix 곱셈기를 LED 배열 및 lens계, mask 등으로 구성하였다. 입력 vector 는 LED 배열로 나타내었으며 matrix 는 mask 상에 면적변조방식으로 부호화 하였다. 곱셈의 결과는 lens계를 통하여 photodiode 배열로 검출하였으며 하나의 채널로 출력을 관찰하기 위해 analog multiplexer를 사용하였다. vector 및 matrix의 원소가 양의 실수 및 복소수일 경우에 대하여 출력파형을 관찰하였으며 특히 복소수 data일 경우 mask 상에 부호화 하는 방법을 제시하였다. The vector-matrix multiplier using incoherent optical illumination is constructed with a LED array, lens system and mask. The input vector is represented by a LED array and the matrix is encoded on a film by the mask modulation method. The result of multiplication is detected by a photodiode array through the lens system, and an analog multiplexer is used for looking at output signal on the channel. When the elements of a vector and matrix are positive number and complex number, the output signal is observed. Finally an encoding method in case of complex data is suggested.