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内地-外地を結ぶ書物のネットワークと朝鮮半島の小売書店 :日配時代を中心に
HIBI Yoshitaka 한림대학교 일본학연구소 2015 翰林日本學 Vol.0 No.27
This paper presents an investigation into the book distribution network to connect the in and outside of Japan before the World War II with a special focus on the distribution network to connect Japan with the Korean Peninsula after the foundation of Japanese Publishing and Distribution Corporation. The study also mentioned the forms of retail bookstores around the Korean Peninsula during those days. The activities of Japanese Publishing and Distribution Corporation are recorded in History of Japanese Publishing and Distribution Corporation, which depicts its detailed history sorted out by the persons concerned later. As its title indicates, it records the overall affairs and organizational changes of the Corporation in a chronological order and makes it difficult to grasp the outlines of certain themes and areas due to the scattered information about them throughout the material. Consulting its records, the present study crossed it with publications issued by it including Communication of Japanese Publishing and Distribution Corporation, Publishing and Distribution, Promotion of New Books, Promotion of Publication, and others, looked into the actual state of book distribution around the Korean Peninsula, and examined the actual state of retail bookstores in Joseon. Those investigative efforts helped to understand an aspect of distribution process for books written in Japanese around the Korean Peninsula at the end of Japanese Empire. The findings about the progress of book sales were also expected to reveal the contacts, symbiosis, and clash patterns between Japanese and Korean people. During the war, the Japanese imperialists tried to control every aspect of society. The publishers belonging to an organization had to transform their businesses to follow the national power. The organizations of publishers had themselves in line with the national 50 한림일본학 27집policies and deteriorated into the tools of power, which was forced and, at the same time, voluntary as members of organization. It is a piece of history and the past that is accompanied by criticism and reflection, offering a lesson for modern Koreans. It cannot help being limited, however, to look into only the power and control aspects. The movements of culture moving inside a social device are diverse, and a social system itself can exist and function separate from ideology. The central book distribution system realized by the Japanese Publishing and Distribution Corporation, for instance, developed into a relay system in Japan after the war. 本論文では、第二次世界大戦以前における日本内地と外地を結んだ書物流通ネットワークの考察を行った。とりわけ、重点的に検討したのが日本出版配給株式会社(日配)成立以降における内地と朝鮮半島とを結んだ流通網である。また関連して、この時期の朝鮮半島における小売書店のあり方についても言及した。日配の活動については、関係者が後年まとめた詳細な歴史『日配時代史』が存在する。ただしこの資料は名前の示す通り、日配全体の業務や組織の変遷を、おおむね編年体で追いかけるものであり、特定のテーマや地域については情報が分散していて輪郭が掴みにくい。今回は、『日配時代史』の記述を参考にしながら、そこに日配が刊行していた冊子『日配通信』『出版普及』『新刊弘報』『出版弘報』他を交差させ、朝鮮半島を舞台とした書物流通の実態に迫り、また日配関連資料である『日配通信』や『出版普及』『新刊弘報』なども取り扱った。また、朝鮮半島の小売書店の実態についても、報告を行い、これらの作業により、日本帝国主義時代末期の朝鮮半島における日本語書物の流通過程の一端が明らかになるとともに、書物の売買を通した日本人、朝鮮人の接触と共棲、衝突のありさまが浮かび上がっていくものと考えている。 戦時国家は、社会を隅から隅まで統制しようとした。出版人たちは、組織に所属していればいるほど、国家権力に沿うかたちに自からと、自からの所属する組織を変えていかなければならなかった。かくして、出版業の諸団体は国策と一体化し、権力の手先と化した。彼らはそれを強制されて行ったが、しかし同時に組織人としてそれを自主的にも行った。それは批判されるべき歴史であり、反省を引き継ぐべき過去である。そして、現代においてなお顧みるべき教訓でもある。だが、そうした権力と統制の側だけみるのは、時代の一部分でしかあるまい。社会装置の上で駆動する文化の動態は、より多様であり、社会装置そのものはイデオロギーとは別に存続し機能しうる。たとえば、日配が実現した書物の一元配給システムは、戦後日本の高度な取次システムへと引き継がれた。
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특집논문 : 내지와 외지를 잇는 서적 네트워크와 한반도의 소매 서점 -일본출판배급주식회사 시대를 중심으로-
히비요시타카 ( Yoshitaka Hibi ) 한림대학교 일본학연구소 2015 翰林日本學 Vol.0 No.27
이 논문에서는 제2차 세계대전 이전 일본 내지와 외지를 연결한 서적 유통네트워크에 대해 고찰하였다. 특히 중점적으로 검토한 것은 일본출판배급주식회사(일배) 성립 이후의 내지와 한반도를 연결하는 유통망이다. 또한 이와 관련해서 이 시기 한반도의 소매서점의 존재형태에 대해서도 언급하였다. ‘일본출판배급주식회사’의 활동에 대해서는 관계자들이 후년 정리한 상세한 역사인 『日配時代史』가 있다. 단, 이 자료는 제목이 나타내는 바와 같이 일배 전체의업무나 조직의 변천을 대체로 편년체로 서술한 것이며, 특정한 테마나 지역에 대해서는 정보가분산되어 있어 윤곽을 파악하기 곤란하다. 여기서는 『日配時代史』의 기술을 참고로 하면서,거기에 일본출판배급주식회사가 간행하고 있던 책자 『日配通信』, 『出版普及』, 『新刊弘報』,『出版弘報』, 기타를 교차시켜 한반도를 무대로 한 서적유통의 실태를 파악하고, 조선반도 소매서점의 실태에 대해서도 고찰하였다. 이러한 조사고찰에 의해 일본 제국주의시대 말기 한반도에 있어 일본어서적의 유통과정의 한 단면을 밝힐 수 있었으며, 아울러 서적 판매에 대한추이를 살펴봄으로써 일본인과 조선인의 접촉과 공생, 충돌 양상이 드러날 것으로 기대한다. 전시국가는 사회전반을 통제하려고 했다. 출판인들은 조직에 소속되어 있을수록 국가 권력에 따르는 형태로 조직을 바꿔 나가야했다. 이리하여 출판산업의 단체들은 국책과 일체화하여 권력의 하수인으로 전락했다. 그것은 강제적이었지만 동시에 조직인으로서 자주적이기도 했다. 그것은 비판과 반성을 동반하는 역사이자 과거이다. 그리고 현대에도 돌아봐야 할교훈이기도 하다. 하지만 권력과 통제의 측면만을 보는 것은 제한적일 수밖에 없다. 사회장치에서 움직이는 문화의 동태는 보다 다양하며, 사회 시스템 자체는 이데올로기와는 별도로 존속, 기능 할 수 있다. 예를 들어 일배(日配)를 실현한 서적의 중앙배급 시스템은 전후일본의 중개 시스템으로 발전하였다. This paper presents an investigation into the book distribution network to connect the in and outside of Japan before the World War II with a special focus on the distribution network to connect Japan with the Korean Peninsula after the foundation of Japanese Publishing and Distribution Corporation. The study also mentioned the forms of retail bookstores around the Korean Peninsula during those days. The activities of Japanese Publishing and Distribution Corporation are recorded in History of Japanese Publishing and Distribution Corporation, which depicts its detailed history sorted out by the persons concerned later. As its title indicates, it records the overall affairs and organizational changes of the Corporation in a chronological order and makes it difficult to grasp the outlines of certain themes and areas due to the scattered information about them throughout the material. Consulting its records, the present study crossed it with publications issued by it including Communication of Japanese Publishing and Distribution Corporation, Publishing and Distribution, Promotion of New Books, Promotion of Publication, and others, looked into the actual state of book distribution around the Korean Peninsula, and examined the actual state of retail bookstores in Joseon. Those investigative efforts helped to understand an aspect of distribution process for books written in Japanese around the Korean Peninsula at the end of Japanese Empire. The findings about the progress of book sales were also expected to reveal the contacts, symbiosis, and clash patterns between Japanese and Korean people. During the war, the Japanese imperialists tried to control every aspect of society. The publishers belonging to an organization had to transform their businesses to follow the national power. The organizations of publishers had themselves in line with the national policies and deteriorated into the tools of power, which was forced and, at the same time, voluntary as members of organization. It is a piece of history and the past that is accompanied by criticism and reflection, offering a lesson for modern Koreans. It cannothelp being limited, however, to look into only the power and control aspects. The movements of culture moving inside a social device are diverse, and a social system itself can exist and function separate from ideology. The central book distribution system realized by the Japanese Publishing and Distribution Corporation, for instance, developed into a relay system in Japan after the war.
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