http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Polymorphisms of the MDR1 and MIF genes in children with nephrotic syndrome.
Choi, Hyun Jin,Cho, Hee Yeon,Ro, Han,Lee, So Hee,Han, Kyung Hee,Lee, Hyunkyung,Kang, Hee Gyung,Ha, Il Soo,Choi, Yong,Cheong, Hae Il Springer International 2011 Pediatric nephrology Vol.26 No.11
<P>Oral steroid treatment is the first line of therapy for childhood nephrotic syndrome (NS). Nonetheless, some patients are resistant to this treatment. Many efforts have been made to explain the differences in the response to steroid treatment in patients with NS based on the genetic background. We have investigated single nucleotide polymorphisms of the MDR1 [C1236T (rs1128503), G2677T/A (rs2032582), and C3435T (rs1045642)] and MIF (G-173C, rs755622) genes in 170 children with NS. Of these children, 69 (40.6%) were initial steroid non-responders, and 23 (13.5% of total) developed chronic kidney disease. Renal biopsy findings, which were available for 101 patients, showed that 35 patients had minimal change lesion and 66 had focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. The frequencies of the MDR1 1236 CC (18.8 vs 7.2%) or TC (53.5 vs 43.5%) genotype and C allele (45.5 vs 29.0%) were significantly higher in the initial steroid responders than in the non-responders. Analysis of MDR1 three-marker haplotypes revealed that the frequency of the TGC haplotype was significantly lower in the initial steroid responders than in the non-responders (15.8 vs 29.0%). There was no association between the MIF G-173C polymorphism and clinical parameters, renal histological findings, and steroid responsiveness. These data suggest that the initial steroid response in children with NS may be influenced by genetic variations in the MDR1 gene.</P>
Hee Gyung Lee,Kyung Mo Kim,Seak Hee Oh,Yeoun Joo Lee,Jae Seung Kim,Kyoung Hyo Choi,Young Ah Cho 대한소아소화기영양학회 2012 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.15 No.3
Purpose: To compare the abilities of radionuclide salivagrams (RS) and videofluoroscopic swallow studies (VFSS) to diagnose aspiration in children with aspiration pneumonia. Methods: The records of children who were referred to the Asan Medical Center between April, 2006 and April, 2012 and who underwent both VFSS and RS to evaluate their recurrent aspiration pneumonia were reviewed (n=67). The aspiration positivity rates of the two tests were determined. The agreement between the tests was assessed by using the kappa statistic. Results: VFSS was more frequently positive (n=26, 39%) than RS (n=23, 34%) (p=0.68). In the 11 children who repeat two test, Repeated examination increased positive rate in each tests (n=11), repeated RS (54%, p=1) is more frequent positive than repeated VFSS (46%, p=0.37). If a cumulative positive test had been defined as at least one positive result, the positive rate of two test was 56% (p<0.05). There was a fair agreement between RS and VFSS (kappa=0.26). Conclusion: The RS and VFSS positivity rates in children with aspiration pneumonia were similar but there was fair agreement between the two tests. This result suggests that these investigations to demonstrate aspiration are not interchangeable but complementary.
The grammar of logical meaning and its implications for Korean 〈-〉 English translator training
Gyung Hee Choi 인문사회과학기술융합학회 2018 예술인문사회융합멀티미디어논문지 Vol.8 No.5
This paper explores the grammar of logical meaning in Korean and English as realised through clause combination, informed by Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), and to apply the findings to translator training. The main idea of this paper forms part of an ongoing collaborative project on SFL-based Korean grammar, with the object of publishing a monograph with an envisaged readership that includes translation scholars and students, as well as language teachers [1]. This larger project undertakes to describe a grammar realising four modes of meaning. This paper examines one of these, the grammar that manifests logical meaning, on the basis of and by further developing the findings of my PhD thesis [2]. The paper analyses how clauses are combined in a clause complex that comprises two or more clauses, with the focus on ‘logico-semantic relations’ (e.g. elaboration, addition, cause and effect). With respect to translator training, comparisons are made between Korean clause combination and English clause combination, wherever possible, in an attempt to help inform clause combination-related translation decisions. The result of the analysis shows that, unlike English, Korean tends to realise elaboration and enhancement relations hypotactically, rather than paratactically.
Choi, Nam-Hee,Choi, Gyung-Ja,Jang, Kyoung-Soo,Choi, Yong-Ho,Lee, Sun-Og,Choi, Jae-Eul,Kim, Jin-Cheol The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2008 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.24 No.3
In a search for plant extracts with in vivo antifungal activity for plant diseases, we found that the methanol extract of Myristica malabarica fruit rinds effectively suppressed the development of several plant diseases. The methanol extract exhibited potent 1-day protective activity against rice blast, tomato late blight, wheat leaf rust and red pepper anthracnose. It also showed 7-day and 4-day protective activities against the plant diseases. Three antifungal resorcinols were isolated from the methanol extract of M. malabarica fruit rinds and identified as malabaricones A(MA), B(MB), and C(MC). Inhibitory activity of the three resorcinols against mycelial growth of plant pathogenic fungi varied according to compound and target species. All three compounds effectively reduced the development of rice blast, wheat leaf rust and red pepper anthracnose. In addition, MC was highly active for reducing the development of tomato late blight. This is the first report on the antifungal activities of malabaricones against filamentous fungi.
Gyung Hee Choi 한국외국어대학교 통번역연구소 2021 통번역학연구 Vol.25 No.2
The aim of this paper is to explore some of the resources of written language (as opposed to spoken language) in English-Korean translation with a view to assisting trainee translators in delivering ‘translationese’-free natural translation in different types of texts. Trainee translators in their transition from the ‘general language (GL)’ translation phase to the ‘special language (SL)’ one (terms used following Snell-Hornby, 1990: 33) tend to confuse translation strategies for the two different phases. Consequently, they may inadvertently apply the translation skills they have developed in the former to the latter, often producing ‘awkward’ translation. In English-Korean translation, this is particularly true in terms of how much written-ness their translated text should involve in comparison with translations rendered by professional translators. In this paper, written-ness is measured using the concept of ‘grammatical metaphor’ whose central contributor is nominalisation (Halliday, 2004), along with two other criteria: number of clauses per sentence and lexical density. The main data of this pilot study includes two GL texts and two SL texts and their translations by trainees (TT1) and professional translators (TT2). The results of the analysis indicate that TT1 of GL texts should be more spoken than as is while that of SL texts needs to be considerably more written.
Choi, Gyung Hee 이화여자대학교 통역번역연구소 2013 T&I review Vol.3 No.-
The goal of this paper is to analyse patterns used in scientific texts for the purpose of assisting trainee translators to better deal with the translation challenges stemming from the linguistic aspects of ‘special language translation’ as well as ‘general language translation’ (Snell-Hornby 1990: 33). As a kind of special language text, scientific texts are packed with information that often leaves non-expert readers, including trainee translators, feeling distanced and excluded. The difficulty originates not just from the technical terms and subject knowledge, but the ‘favourite clause type’ inherent in the scientific texts (Halliday 1998/2004: 74). Using Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), this paper elaborates upon the favourite clause type used in scientific texts and now also widely used in most other forms of adult writing including special language texts (e.g. business, legal) and general language texts (e.g. some administrative texts) (Halliday 1999/2004: 104). The outcome of my research shows that trainee translators struggle in rendering the favourite clause type both in a scientific text and a visa application text, due to their partial understanding of the grammatical structure.