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G.P의 初期許容解에 관한 새로운 接近方法 : 라그란쥬 승수의 결정을 중심으로 Lagrangian Multiplier Determination
金建中 충남대학교 공업교육연구소 1984 論文集 Vol.7 No.2
In this paper, a new approach of the optimization with equality constraints is presented. The Lagrangian method is used for the equality constraints and the Projection theorem is treated as the Kuhn-Tucker condition, which leads to the another way of the determination of the Lagrangian multipliers using optimization technique.
金建中 충남대학교 공업교육연구소 1981 論文集 Vol.4 No.2
In this paper, a new exponential combined-type Penalty Function is presented which is of the form -ge^-rg and applies to the E.L.D. problem. Experiment shows a good result and stable convergence.
金建中 충남대학교 공업교육연구소 1982 論文集 Vol.5 No.2
In this paper an efficient algorithm of optimal control in dynamic systems with terminal constraints is developed. The Fletcher-powell method is used as an optimization technique which improves convergence characteristics. Terminal constraints are treated as a penalty function combined with a Hestenes algorithm. Test example shows a stable and good convergence characteristics.
工業敎育大學의 實驗實習施設 共同活用 및 運營에 關한 硏究
尹錫天,牟相榮,權五憲,千炳善,周赫鍾,李永臣,金健中,羅聲雄,洪錫雨,吳德成,盧泰天 충남대학교 공업교육연구소 1983 論文集 Vol.6 No.2(A)
The College of Engineering was specialized to have a sole function for supplying technical high school teachers in 1977 and referred to as the College of Industrial Education according to the Government's policy. The economic impact mainly due to the oil-crises caused a severe problem to this college, namely discrepancy of supply to demand scale. Accordingly the number of student enrollment was to be fluctuated from 479 in 1979 through 800 in 1979 and 900 in 1980 to 430 in 1981. And the engineering departments have been attached to this Engineering Education College since 1981. These circumstanses met singnificant inefficiency in facility operation. This program aims at providing an overall relocation of the college facilities and preparing the practical system to make the joint-operation possible taking into account circulation, academic stream, budget, maintenance, etc. However this study could not get optimal spacing but some trade-off, considering the current situation.
Kim, Jin Hee,Park, Hyunkyung,Lee, Jangwoo,Cho, Geumjoon,Choi, Sooran,Choi, Gyuyeon,Kim, Su Young,Eun, So-Hee,Suh, Eunsook,Kim, Sung Koo,Kim, Hai-Joong,Kim, Gun-Ha,Lee, Jeong Jae,Kim, Young Don,Eom, So BMJ Publishing Group 2016 Journal of epidemiology & community health Vol.70 No.5
<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Several studies have suggested potential links of phthalates to obesity in children and adults. Limited evidence, however, has been available for the relations between diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and obesity-related markers or body mass change in early life.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>128 healthy pregnant women were recruited and, after delivery, their newborns’ first urine and umbilical cord blood samples were collected. We measured urinary levels of two DEHP metabolites, mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) and mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP). We also measured the levels of leptin, total cholesterol and triglyceride (TG) in cord serum, and used them along with weight, length, head circumference and ponderal index (PI, 100 g/cm<SUP>3</SUP>) at birth, as obesity-related markers, and estimated the relations between DEHP metabolites and obesity-related markers using generalised linear models. For the evaluation of body mass increase by early life DEHP exposure, body mass index (BMI) z-score change during 3 months after birth by DEHP metabolites in the first urine samples of the newborns were evaluated using logistic regression.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>DEHP exposure was associated with decrease of PI and increase of TG (PI, β=−0.11, p=0.070 and TG, β=0.14, p=0.027), especially for boys (PI, β=−0.13, p=0.021; and TG, β=0.19, p=0.025). Moreover, DEHP exposure was positively associated with body mass increase during 3 months after birth (change of BMI z-scores, OR=4.35, p=0.025).</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Our findings suggest that DEHP exposure may affect body mass change in early life through changes of obesity-related markers.</P>
Kim, Sunmi,Eom, Soyong,Kim, Hai-Joong,Lee, Jeong Jae,Choi, Gyuyeon,Choi, Sooran,Kim, Sungjoo,Kim, Su Young,Cho, Geumjoon,Kim, Young Don,Suh, Eunsook,Kim, Sung Koo,Kim, Seunghyo,Kim, Gun-Ha,Moon, Hyo-B Elsevier 2018 Science of the Total Environment Vol.624 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Exposure of the developing fetus and infants to toxic substances can cause serious lifelong health consequences. Several chemicals have been associated with adverse neurodevelopmental disorders in the early life stages of humans. However, most epidemiological studies have focused on a limited number of chemicals, and hence may exclude important chemicals from consideration or result in conclusions built on associations by chance. In the present study, we investigated the chemical exposure profile of the women, and associated these with the early neurodevelopmental performance of their offspring at 13–24months of age. The chemicals assessed include four phthalates, bisphenol A, three heavy metals, 19 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 19 organochlorine pesticides, and 19 polybrominated diphenyl ethers, which were measured from urine, whole blood, serum, and/or breastmilk of the pregnant or lactating women. For neurodevelopmental performance, the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II (BSID-II), Social Maturity Scale (SMS), and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) were measured from a total of 140 toddlers. Among the measured chemicals, monoethyl phthalate (MEP) in maternal urine was significantly associated with early mental, psychomotor, and social development. In addition, breast milk di-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) metabolite and blood lead concentrations were inversely associated with mental and psychomotor development indices, respectively. Maternal blood PCB153, heavy metals, and urinary MEP levels were also higher among the children with behavioral problems, as indicated by the CBCL range. Taken together, maternal exposure to several EDCs such as PCBs and DEHP was associated with adverse neurodevelopmental performances among the children aged 1–2years. Confirmation of these association in larger populations, as well as longer-term consequences of such exposure warrant further investigation.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Prenatal Hg, Pb, BPA, or DEP exposures were associated with neurodevelopmental delay. </LI> <LI> DEHP exposure through lactation showed negative association with mental index. </LI> <LI> Prenatal Hg, DEP, or PCB exposures showed positive associations on CBCL scores. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Kim, Sunmi,Lee, Jangwoo,Park, Jeongim,Kim, Hai-Joong,Cho, Geum Joon,Kim, Gun-Ha,Eun, So-Hee,Lee, Jeong Jae,Choi, Gyuyeon,Suh, Eunsook,Choi, Sooran,Kim, Sungjoo,Kim, Sung Koo,Kim, Young Don,Kim, Su You Elsevier 2017 The Science of the total environment Vol.607 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Phthalates are important group of endocrine disruptors. Infants and young children are susceptible to phthalate exposure. However, information on the phthalate exposure during the early stages of life is very limited. This study was conducted to understand the temporal trend of exposure to major phthalates among infants of Korea during the first 15months after birth, and to estimate associated risks. A total of 286 urine samples were collected from 171 children at 3, 9, 12, or 15months of age, with 77 children sampled for two or more times. Four phthalates, i.e., di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), di-isobutyl phthalate (DiBP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), and diethyl phthalate (DEP) were chosen, and their major metabolites were analyzed in the urine. The DEHP metabolites were detected in 100% of the urine samples at relatively higher levels compared to those reported in other countries. The levels of mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP) were generally lower. Urinary concentrations of most phthalate metabolites, especially DEHP metabolites, increased as children grew older. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) calculated for DEHP metabolites over time were high (0.7–0.8), suggesting persistence of consistent exposure sources during this sensitive period of life. Hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) were calculated from daily intake estimates divided by recommended toxicity thresholds. Among the study population, 4, 16, and 26% of the children showed HI >1 at 9, 12, and 15months of age, respectively. DEHP exposure explained most of the risk estimates. Considering vulnerability of young children to endocrine disruption, efforts to identify sources of exposure and to develop appropriate mitigation options are warranted.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Multiple urines were collected at 3, 9, 12, or 15months of age from 171 children. </LI> <LI> High intra-individual correlation and age-dependent increase were observed. </LI> <LI> Up to 26% of children showed hazard index >1 by exposure to target phthalates. </LI> <LI> Estimated risks are mostly due to the exposure to DEHP and DnBP. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>