HELLENISTIC PALACES : ORIGINS OF THE PLAN AND ARCHITECTURAL COMPONENTS (GREECE, TURKEY)

GRIFFIN KUTBAY, BONNIE LEA University of Toronto 1991 해외박사

POINTING GESTURES IN MEDIEVAL MINIATURES : A STUDY BASED ON ILLUSTRATED MANUSCRIPTS OF THE TERENCE COMEDIES

GRIFFIN, JOCELYN CRANE New York University 1991 국내박사

THOMAS ANSHUTZ : A STUDY OF HIS ART AND TEACHING

GRIFFIN, RANDALL CHARLES University of Delaware 1994 국내박사

"(The) East Asian country of propriety" : Confucianism in a Korean village

Dix, Mortimer Griffin University Microfilms International 2014 국내박사

A Phenomenological Case Study of Four Black Males Exposed to Cumulative Trauma that Attended a 'No Excuses' Charter School

Griffin, Ramon Michigan State University ProQuest Dissertations & 2018 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

Zero tolerance discipline policies like 'No Excuses' have been scrupulously crafted, packaged and sold to low income people of color as the prescription for academic proficiency, social and emotional consciousness and career excellence by staunch urban education reformers. However, there has been heavy backlash regarding its efficacy from former 'No Excuses' school teachers, parents and educational researchers. Researchers contend that the policies are racist, discriminatory, harsh, ineffective, and closely linked to the prison pipeline. Ironically, many of the students who attend schools with strict zero tolerance discipline policies like 'No Excuses' happen to be young Black males who have faced or are facing an inordinate amount of cumulative trauma. Yet, few research studies exist questioning if the sophisticated discipline structure carries not only intellectual and ethnic identity related hazards, but psychological and emotional ones as well. These lines of inquiry are significant and urgent, especially for historically hyper-racialized and over criminalized populations like Black boys. Therefore, this manuscript is dedicated to examining how prolonged exposure to cumulative trauma impacts the ways in which Black males navigate schools that utilize 'No Excuses' discipline policies and whether that exposure inhibits or enhances their ability to achieve academically in school. First, I discuss my personal narrative and interdisciplinary career experiences that provide significant background for which this dissertation study emanated. After that, I critically analyze research on the history of zero tolerance discipline policies in K-12 schools, keeping in mind how administrators (e.g., deans of students, principals, superintendents) and government officials contribute to the formulation of legislation and implementation of these policies. Then, I contextualize the 'No Excuses' charter school culture by reviewing the literature from the perspectives of school discipline, student outcomes and long-standing media debates, mostly from highly regarded charter management organizations (CMOs), like Knowledge is Power Program (KIPP). Next, I discuss the varied effects of cumulative trauma on Black males and how 'No Excuses' school cultures might unconsciously trigger and exacerbate some symptoms of trauma, consequently stymieing normal adolescent development. Afterwards, I detail why qualitative research and specifically, a phenomenological case study method helped me to sustain the integrity of the participants' sensitive data (Glesne, 2011), and uphold the individual insight of participants as it related to the phenomenon of cumulative trauma and not a regurgitated account from a divergent perspective (Smith & Osborn, 2007). The case study approach provided me ample space to inspect the cumulative trauma phenomenon through various lenses. Once I thoroughly explain the methodologies that undergird this very sensitive study, I critically highlight Black males' perceptions of traumas and stressors, 'No Excuses' school culture and discipline, and whether the 'No Excuses' environment prepared them for college careers and successful lives. I also conduct a cross case analysis and break the findings into five emergent themes: (a) adaptation, comprehension and exposure to trauma, (b) preparation for prison, (c) triggers, identities and masculinities, (d) shell shocked, and (e) posterity. Last, I proffer a discussion of the key findings and how they contribute to various bodies of literature and provide recommendations and implications for both policy and practice in rethinking 'No Excuses' discipline policies.

Immigrant schoolgirl: Making the American dream the Hmong way

Griffin, Lisa Anne Stanford University 2004 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

This dissertation presents a case study of the adolescent schoolgirls of one group of new immigrants to the U.S.---the Hmong. This case sought to understand how Hmong schoolgirls have successfully stayed in school, despite more than the usual barriers to completing school, including cultural practices of early marriage and early childbearing. It addresses how the historical and present day construction of gender in Hmong culture affects girls' experience of schooling and their aspirations. The narratives of 54 Hmong schoolgirls in California help to describe and understand their motivation and sense-making of their experience. As with other tight-knit "traditional" communities, this is not solely an individual endeavor, but one that involves a greater sense of Kai Erickson's term "communality." Two areas of finding addressed in greater detail include: (1) the role and expectations for girls and women in Hmong culture (traditionally and today) and (2) the existence of role models in the schoolgirls' lives or lack thereof. Three interpretive schemes emerged from the girls' narratives. Some girls who present a non-strategic integrationist scheme seem to be not fully aware of the potential dissonance between the stated expectations of them in Hmong culture and their educational and future aspirations. Other girls who adopt a strategic integrationist scheme seem to be practically navigating along mutually acceptable paths between their aspirations and the gender expectations of them. They were aware of the dissonance and were prepared to adapt to make both mutually possible in tandem. Still others, the challengers, both question their cultural norms and seek to advance the Hmong culture through their achievement by redefining Hmong female roles and identify new pathways, e.g., to be the "first Hmong" to accomplish a particular achievement. These interpretive schemes suggest a different and "insider's" approach than the assimilationist frames typically portrayed in the literature. This case does make use of the theory of segmented assimilation augmented by selective acculturation proposed by Ruben G. Rumbaut and Alejandro Portes. The implications of the Asian American "model minority" myth for the Hmong are also discussed. A background section provides historical and cultural background on the Hmong.

Genetic analysis by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Griffin, Timothy Jon The University of Wisconsin - Madison 1999 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

This dissertation describes the work involved in the development of two novel, high-throughput approaches to analyzing single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in DNA using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The first of these approaches involved the use of peptide nucleic acid (PNA) allele-specific hybridization probes. These probes were hybridized to immobilized PCR amplicons under stringent conditions, permitting hybridization discrimination of SNP alleles. The annealed PNA probes were then dissociated from the DNA target and detected by MALDI-TOF MS. Each PNA probe was uniquely mass labeled, facilitating their unambiguous detection by mass, with each unique peak present in the resulting mass spectra corresponding to one of the specific SNP alleles present in the DNA target. Four different single-nucleotide substitution mutations located in the human tyrosinase exon 4 gene were successfully analyzed by this approach. In the course of this work, it was discovered that the thermal stabilities of the PNA:DNA duplexes formed were highly variable and sequence dependent. In order to facilitate the design of PNA probes of different sequences that have similar duplex stabilities, a thermodynamic algorithm for predicting the stabilities of PNA:DNA duplexes from the sequence was developed. This algorithm involved the modification of an existing thermodynamic method for predicting DNA:DNA duplex stabilities, by introducing free-energy correction terms to account for the unique hybridization characteristics of PNA:DNA duplexes. This algorithm accurately predicted the duplex stabilities of the PNA:DNA duplexes investigated in the study. The second SNP analysis approach developed employed the Invader assay, a novel signal amplification method for analyzing SNPs. The Invader assay enables analysis of SNPs directly from genomic DNA, thus obviating the need for initial target amplification by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The Invader assay was modified to allow for efficient sample preparation of the allele-specific signal molecules, for subsequent detection by MALDI-TOF MS. Twelve separate SNPs were successfully analyzed directly from human genomic DNA by this approach. Capitalizing on the speed and accuracy of MALDI-TOF MS, while eliminating the need for a PCR amplification step, represents a significant advance in high-throughput SNP analysis technology.

African-American organized crime in Philadelphia, 1968--1984: On exploitation and urban politics (Pennsylvania)

Griffin, Sean Patrick The Pennsylvania State University 2000 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

A thorough review of the scholarly organized crime literature reveals a dearth of research dealing with African-Arnerican organized crime, although the literature does feature numerous evaluations and depictions of ethnic, predominantly Italian-American, organized crime. It is clear, nevertheless, that research concerning African-American organized crime was both feasible and likely to be important for historians, criminologists, and policy makers, particularly as organized crime served as a means of upward mobility for some portion of the African-American community. Many researchers maintained (and still do) that African-Americans were (and continue to be) ill-equipped to function outside the orbit of larger Italian syndicate structures, thus depriving them of “real” or “true” organized crime status. This dissertation provides the first comprehensive sociological analysis to date of Philadelphia's infamous “Black Mafia” of the 1960's and 1970's. Moreover, I analyze a range of similar social phenomena in other American cities, including the influence of urban politics on criminal activity, and thus public policy, in the hopes of providing an investigative template for future researchers. This dissertation also includes a brief examination of the false claims and historical inaccuracies which plague research on African-American organized crime, and is thus the first step in developing both data and sophisticated theoretical propositions germane to the ongoing study of organized crime.

Protease-activated receptors in embryonic development

Griffin, Courtney Timmons University of California, San Francisco 2001 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

The blood coagulation cascade is best known as a sensor of vascular injury. The coagulation protease thrombin signals through protease-activated receptors (PARs) to achieve platelet aggregation, endothelial cell activation, and other important cellular responses to vascular leakage in the adult. However, coagulation factor knock-outs have also demonstrated an unexplained role for the cascade in the developing mouse embryo. Approximately half of PAR1-deficient embryos die at midgestation with massive hemorrhage due to defective vascular integrity. The receptor is expressed in embryonic endothelial cells, and we rescued death of <italic>Par1</italic>−/− embryos with an endothelial-specific PART transgene. Our results highlighted a novel role for coagulation factor signaling in vascular development rather than in clot formation in the developing embryo. When PAR1 was targeted for deletion in combination with factor V, a cofactor necessary for thrombin production, virtually all doubly-deficient embryos died at midgestation, indicating the existence of other targets of coagulation proteases in embryonic development. We found that double-deficiency of PAR1 and PAR4, another thrombin receptor expressed in embryonic vasculature, resulted in 88% lethality. This result suggests that PAR4 provides “back-up” signaling for PAR1 during embryonic development. The PARs are expressed throughout development, and <italic>LacZ</italic> knock-in technology allowed us to detect their expression in a number of novel tissues during late-gestation. This new information about the temporal and spatial expression of the PARs will potentially help us better understand the functional overlap and specificity of PAR signaling in both embryos and adults.

Ex vivo gene therapy for lysosomal storage disease using IPSC-derived neural stem cells

Griffin, Tagan Aaron University of Pennsylvania 2015 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

Diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS) pose a formidable obstacle to the delivery of effective therapeutics. A tight-knit collection of cells and macromolecules known as the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) prevents most substances from entering the brain. One intriguing approach to overcoming this obstacle involves transplanting neural stem cells (NSCs), the precursor cells to neurons and glia in the brain, as vehicles for the delivery of therapeutic proteins in their native environment. Notably, this strategy has already been successfully applied to several lysosomal storage diseases caused by genetic deficiencies in one of the many lysosomal hydrolases expressed throughout the body. A major drawback to this approach is that foreign NSCs, e.g. immortalized cell lines and primary fetal NSCs can be tumorigenic and immunogenic. Recently developed induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technologies, combined with pluripotent stem cell differentiation techniques, have the potential to overcome these obstacles. This approach was evaluated using a comprehensive strategy targeting a prototypical lysosomal storage disease, Sly disease (MPS VII). MPS VII patient fibroblasts were transduced with retroviral vectors expressing the transcription factors Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc. Patient fibroblasts were reprogrammed into embryonic stem cell-like iPSCs that demonstrated hallmarks of pluripotency. Patient iPSCs, alongside iPSCs derived from an unaffected individual, were subjected to a stepwise differentiation protocol, yielding a relatively homogenous population of NSCs. Following in vitro characterization, patient iPSCs were genetically corrected using a DNA transposon-based vector. Transplantation of NSCs into neonatal MPS VII mice revealed that these cells could migrate long distances and survive for several months. However, corrected grafts expressing physiological levels of the missing enzyme, ?-glucuronidase, were too sparse to significantly ameliorate pathology. In contrast, the same cells transplanted into the post-symptomatic adult MPS VII striatum were restricted to the injection site. Corrected, but not uncorrected patient iPSC-NSCs, were able to restore pathologically activated microglia to a normal quiescent state in a zone surrounding the graft. Together, these results provide evidence that ex vivo NSC gene therapy may be a viable option for many lysosomal storage diseases using easily attainable, non-neural patient tissue.