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Solids and Voids in the Rock Monasteries of Kucha
Giuseppe VIGNATO 동국대학교 불교학술원 2023 International Journal of Buddhist Thought & Cultur Vol.33 No.1
This paper interprets the relationship between built masses, “solids,” and “voids.” Through a biography of the rock monasteries analyzed from the perspective of “voids,” it intends to reach a deeper understanding of the monastery territory and the activities carried out within it. Several facets will be taken into consideration, starting with the reason why a monastery was built in a certain location and the extent of its “territory,” that is, the domain enclosed by the monastery’s boundaries. Then, the fact that natural features were manipulated to simplify the layout of the monastery and reach an intended result will be analyzed. The layout was certainly deemed very important because it had to answer the needs of a small community of monks as well as welcome large crowds during festive days; it required careful planning since it needed to be easily navigable. In a monastery, empty spaces were used to enhance specific areas of crucial buildings, link or separate particular areas, and smooth the use of some of its parts. The monastery was a place that aimed at fostering religious experiences and impressing vivid “memories of place” in the mind of the person living there or visiting it. To reach this goal, the monastery planners used their skills to stimulate all sensorial experiences. Among them, we consider hearing, since sound could be measured. In fact, archaeoacoustics studies have been carried out in archaeological contexts. I will argue that sound—and its opposite, silence—were conceivably reckoned in the planning of a rock monastery. In sum, in this paper, a rock monastery is understood as the summation of caves, free-standing buildings, as well as the unbuilt spaces around and between them.
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Giuseppe Barraco,Isabelle Sylvestre,Giovanni Iapichino,Florent Engelmann 한국식물생명공학회 2013 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.7 No.2
In this study, we investigated the possibility ofusing the droplet-vitrification technique for cryopreservingnodal segments of in vitro plantlets of the endangered plantspecies Lithodora rosmarinifolia. Among the three vitrificationsolutions tested, only solutions B1, containing (w/v)50 % glycerol and 50 % sucrose, and B3, containing 40 %glycerol and 40 % sucrose, were able to induce cryotolerancein nodal explants, resulting in intermediate survivaland recovery after cryopreservation. A three-step vitrificationprotocol, including an additional dehydration treatmentwith half-strength vitrification solution for 30 minbefore the treatment with full-strength vitrification solution,did not lead to any improvement in survival andrecovery compared with the two-step protocol. The optimalprotocol was the following: preculture of nodal segments inliquid medium with 0.3 M sucrose for 16 h and 0.7 Msucrose for 5 h, treatment for 20 min in loading solutioncontaining 1.9 M glycerol ? 0.5 M sucrose, dehydrationwith vitrification solution B1 (glycerol 50.0 %, sucrose50.0 %, w/v) for 60 min at room temperature, rapid coolingin minute droplets of vitrification solution, and rapidrewarming by immersion of nodal segments for 20 min inunloading solution containing 1.2 M sucrose. Under theseconditions, 33 % recovery of cryopreserved nodal explantswas achieved. Regrowth of cryopreserved samples wasrapid and direct. These results indicate that long-termstorage of L. rosmarinifolia by means of cryopreservationof nodal segments is possible, thereby contributing tosecuring the diversity of this rare and endangered plantspecies.
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Ni-Ti actuators and genetically optimized compliant ribs for an adaptive wing
Giuseppe Mirone 국제구조공학회 2009 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.5 No.6
Adaptive wings are capable of properly modifying their shape depending on the current aerodynamic conditions, in order to improve the overall performance of a flying vehicle. In this paper is presented the concept design of a small-scale compliant wing rib whose outline may be distorted in order to switch from an aerodynamic profile to another. The distortion loads are induced by shape memory alloy actuators placed within the frame of a wing section whose elastic response is predicted by the matrix method with beam formulation. Genetic optimization is used to find a wing rib structure (corresponding to the first airfoil) able to properly deforms itself when loaded by the SMA-induced forces, becoming as close as possible to the desired target shape (second airfoil). An experimental validation of the design procedure is also carried out with reference to a simplified structure layout.
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INTERACTION EFFECT OF MONITORING ON INTERNATIONAL STRATEGIC ALLIANCES’ PERFORMANCE
Giuseppe Musarra,Constantine S. Katsikeas,Mathew Robson 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2016 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2016 No.7
We argue that a novel dark personality trait—the focal firm’s desire for control—may drive key decisions pertaining to how to monitor strategic alliances, which in turn can deter performance outcomes. Our conceptual model was tested based on a survey of 197 international strategic alliances. Results demonstrate that the firm’s use of process monitoring to oversee the counterpart drives its performance outcomes only if there is a low level of information exchange between alliance partners; as such, information exchange norms substitute for process monitoring. Whereas, the focal firm’s use of outcome monitoring enhances its performance outcomes only if it is reinforced by a high level of information exchange; that is, these two monitoring mechanisms complement each other in alliances.
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Gallbladder agenesis: A case report and brief review
Giuseppe Bianco,Francesco Frongillo,Salvatore Agnes,Erida Nure,Nicola Silvestrini 한국간담췌외과학회 2018 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.22 No.3
Agenesis of the gallbladder and cystic duct represents one of the rarest anomalies of the biliary system, with a reported incidence of 0.007% to 0.027%. Almost half of the patients develop common duct stones and 23% of them manifest signs and symptoms that mimic biliary colic. We present the case of a woman presenting with symptoms of biliary colic. Based on the clinical findings and after abdominal ultrasonography, which showed hyperechoic material in the gallbladder fossa, a laparoscopic cholecystectomy was planned. Laparoscopy failed to reveal either gallbladder or cystic duct. The procedure was continued to further search for ectopic sites of gallbladder. A condition of gallbladder agenesis was hypothesized and the procedure was aborted without dissection of hepatic pedicle or conversion to laparotomy. Agenesis of gallbladder and cystic duct was confirmed via pos-operative magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. We report our experience with regard to the challenges associated with the diagnosis and management, and a brief review of the literature of this rare pathology.
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Giuseppe Mirone 국제구조공학회 2007 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.3 No.1
Two aspects of the design of a small-scale smart wing are addressed in this work, related to the ability of the wing to modify its cross section assuming the shape of two different airfoils and to the possibility of deflecting the profiles near the trailing edge in order to obtain hingeless control surfaces. The actuation is provided by one-way shape memory alloy wires eventually coupled to springs, Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) being among the most promising materials for this kind of applications. The points to be actuated along the profiles and the displacements to be imposed are selecetd so that they satisfactorily approximate the change from an airfoil to the other and to result in an adequate deflection of the control surface; the actuators and their performances are designed so that an adequate wing stiffness is guaranteed, in order to prevent excessive deformations and undesired airfoil shape variations due to aerodynamic loads. The effect of the pressure distributions, calculated by way of the XFOIL software, and of the actuators loads, is estimated by FE analyses of the loaded wing. Two prototypes are then realised incorporating the variable airfoil and the hingeless aileron features respectively, and the verification of their shapes in both the actuated and non-actuated states, supported by image analysis techniques, confirms that interesting results are achievable with the proposed lay out and design considerations.
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Giuseppe Caruso,Innocenza Palaia,Giorgio Bogani,Federica Tomao,Giorgia Perniola,Pierluigi Benedetti Panici,Ludovico Muzii,Violante Di Donato 대한부인종양학회 2022 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.33 No.5
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of systematic lymph node dissection (SyLND) at the time of interval debulking surgery (IDS) for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (AEOC). Methods: Systematic literature review of studies including AEOC patients undergoing SyLND versus selective lymph node dissection (SeLND) or no lymph node dissection (NoLND) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Primary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Secondary endpoints included severe postoperative complications, lymphocele, lymphedema, blood loss, blood transfusions, operative time, and hospital stay. Results: Nine retrospective studies met the eligibility criteria, involving a total of 1,660 patients: 827 (49.8%) SyLND, 490 (29.5%) SeLND, and 343 (20.7%) NoLND. The pooled estimated hazard ratios (HR) for PFS and OS were, respectively, 0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI]=0.65–1.20; p=0.43) and 0.80 (95% CI=0.50–1.30; p=0.37). The pooled estimated odds ratios (ORs) for severe postoperative complications, lymphocele, lymphedema, and blood transfusions were, respectively, 1.83 (95% CI=1.19–2.82; p=0.006), 3.38 (95% CI=1.71– 6.70; p<0.001), 7.23 (95% CI=3.40–15.36; p<0.0001), and 1.22 (95% CI=0.50–2.96; p=0.67). Conclusion: Despite the heterogeneity in the study designs, SyLND after NACT failed to demonstrate a significant improvement in PFS and OS and resulted in a higher risk of severe postoperative complications.
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On the Betti numbers of three fat points in $\mathbb{P}^1 \times \mathbb{P}^1$
Giuseppe Favacchio,Elena Guardo 대한수학회 2019 대한수학회지 Vol.56 No.3
In these notes we introduce a numerical function which allows us to describe explicitly (and nonrecursively) the Betti numbers, and hence, the Hilbert function of a set $Z$ of three fat points whose support is an almost complete intersection (ACI) in $\mathbb{P}^1 \times \mathbb{P}^1.$ A nonrecursively formula for the Betti numbers and the Hilbert function of these configurations is hard to give even for the corresponding set of five points on a special support in $\mathbb P^2$ and we did not find any kind of this result in the literature. Moreover, we also give a criterion that allows us to characterize the Hilbert functions of these special set of fat points.
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