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- 저자 : Garry Sali (검색결과 2 건)
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Papua New Guinea State University Students in Conflict with Social Morality and the Rule of Law
Garry Sali 아시아교정포럼 2017 교정담론 Vol.11 No.1
This paper examines the students’ criminal and deviant behaviors including violence at the Papua New Guinea (PNG) state universities, and attempts to connect how young students are usually in conflict with both the social morals and the criminal laws of PNG. Using the author’s own observations of campus crime and deviance as a student for six years (1987-1992) at the University of Papua New Guinea (UPNG) and then as an academic for 15 years at both UPNG (1997-2001) and Papua New Guinea University of Technology (PNGUoT) (2007–current) plus relevant literature reviews and anecdotal evidences available through the various media channels, this paper presents an explicit accounts of the occurrence, character and magnitude of the student conflicts at the PNG state universities. In the discussion, the paper carefully draws attention to how the students at the state universities break social mores and state and university laws. The paper maintains that the student conflicts at the state universities are not only an isolated university problem but a product of a broader and complex socio-economic, cultural, and political dynamics in a rapidly evolving society. The state universities should learn to accept that student conflicts have existed on their campuses for many years and these problems cannot be eradicated overnight. However, the key point maintained throughout this discussion is that because human behaviors are flexible, students are capable and have the ability of changing their attitudes (mindsets) and behaviors responding to sets of strong rules and incentives. It is, therefore, concluded that the state universities need to carefully work towards developing a clear road-map that targets not only students’ behavioral problems but establish capacities that help students to change and shift their mindsets as well. At the core of this drive, a long-term positive institutional culture based on the key virtues of respect, tolerance, responsibility, and obedience to legitimate authority, is to be harnessed through collective, committed, and sustained efforts.
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Raskols and Crime in Lae, Papua New Guinea, Thwarting Sustainable Development
Sali, Garry 아시아교정포럼 2015 교정담론 Vol.9 No.2
이 논문은 파푸아뉴기니의 레이시(市)의 범죄와 ‘라스콜(raskol)’ 갱단의 활동 2012년에서 2013년까지 분석하였다. 이 논문은 레이시(市)에서 라스콜에 의해 발생한 범죄를 연구하였다. 총 68명의 라스콜 단원이 눈덩이표집(snowball sampling method)을 사용하여 선정되었다. 수집된 데이터에 따르면 라스콜 단원들은 젊고 학업수준이 낮은 단원만 있는 것이 아닌, 중·고등교육을 받은 성인단원도 있었다. 조사된 라스콜 단원들은 레이시(市) 전 지역에 분포하여 살인, 성폭행, 무장 강도 등 다양한 범죄를 저지르고 있었다. 흥미로운 점은 라스콜 단원들이 소수의 현직 경찰관들의 도움을 받고 있으며 심지어 권총도 지원을 받고 있었다. 이는 라스콜 단원들이 일반 시민들처럼 지역사회에 기반을 두는 소외된 사람들이고 어쩔 수 없이 범죄를 저지르고 있음을 나타낸다. 따라서 레이시(市)의 범죄율을 줄이기 위해서는 가난, 실직, 형사사법부의 무능과 부정부패를 치료해야할 필요가 있다. 파푸아뉴기니 정부가 이러한 문제점들에 대해 적극적으로 대응하지 않는 한, 인구 148,000이 넘는 레이시(市)의 미래는 지속가능하지 못할 것이다. This study on ‘raskols’ (rascals) and crime in Lae, Papua New Guinea (PNG) was conducted between 2012 and 2013. The aim of the study is to examine the occurrences of crime in Lae committed by the raskols. There were a total of 68 raskols who participated in this research (identified through a snowball sampling method). The data collected was analyzed and it revealed that these raskols are not only young and lowly educated, but also adults who have completed secondary and tertiary education in PNG. Both demographics belong to raskol groups which are widely spread over the entire city of Lae; they have been responsible for committing all range of serious crimes including murder, rape, and armed robberies. Ironically, it is interesting to note that these raskols and their criminal activities in Lae are being supported by a minority of law officers, a few of whom even supply firearms to equip and aid the thugs’ criminal acts. It is concluded that the raskols are from the same community that law abiding citizens dwell within, but because of socio-economic hardship, they are marginalized and forced to commit crime. Therefore, it is important to properly deal with dysfunctional issues like poverty, unemployment, ineffective criminal justice system, and corruption in our efforts to minimize crime in Lae. Unless the PNG Government makes rigorous and committed efforts to seriously address these dysfunctional issues appropriately, raskol and crime problems in Lae will continue to thwart sustainable development in this key city with over 148,000 people.
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