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Fabrication and characterization of Yb/MoO3/(C,Yb) devices
S.E. Al Garni,A.F. Qasrawi 한국물리학회 2019 Current Applied Physics Vol.19 No.4
In this study we have explored some of the properties of Yb/MoO3/(C, Yb) thin films as a multifunctional optoelectronic device. While the MoO3 films which are deposited onto glass substrate are found to be of amorphous nature, the Yb metal induced the growth of orthorhombic phase of MoO3. The films are high transparent and exhibit energy band gap value of 3.0 eV which make it sensitive to light signals in the near ultraviolet range of light. In addition, the frequency dependent capacitance-voltage characteristics of Yb/MoO3/ (C,Yb) structure display pronounced accumulation, depletion and inversion regions that nominate it for use as tunable metal-oxide-semiconductor MOS device. The physical parameters including the built in voltage, barrier height, flat band and threshold voltages of the MOS capacitors are also determined. Furthermore, the currentvoltage characteristics displayed high rectification ratio that could reach 1.26×104 at biasing voltage of 0.5 V nominating the Yb/MoO3/C device for use as electronic switches. On the other hand, the impedance spectroscopy analysis in the frequency domain of 0.01–1.80 GHz, have shown that the Yb/MoO3/Yb structures are more appropriate for microwave applications than Yb/MoO3/C device. The microwave cutoff frequency for the Yb sandwiched MoO3 exceeds 140 GHz. The return loss for the Yb/MoO3/Yb reaches 26 dB at 1.8 GHz. These values are attractive as they suit microwave low/high pass band filters.
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Design and performance of Yb/ZnS/C Schottky barriers
Najla M. Khusayfan,S.E. Al Garni,A.F. Qasrawi 한국물리학회 2017 Current Applied Physics Vol.17 No.1
In this work, ZnS thin films are deposited onto glass and transparent ytterbium substrates under vacuum pressure of 105 mbar. The effects of the Yb substrate on the structural, mechanical, optical, dielectric and electrical performance of the ZnS are explored by means of the energy dispersion X-ray analyzer, X-ray diffraction, UVeVIS spectroscopy, current-voltage characteristics and impedance spectroscopy techniques. The techniques allowed determining the lattice parameters, the grain size, the degree of orientation, the microstrain, the dislocation density, the optical and the excitonic gaps, the energy band offsets and the dielectric resonance and dispersion. The (111) oriented planes of glass/ZnS and Yb/ZnS exhibited 2.06% lattice mismatch between Yb and ZnS and degree of orientation values of 63% and 51.6%, respectively. The interfacing of the ZnS with Yb shrunk the energy band gap of ZnS by 0.50 eV. On the other hand, the electrical analysis on the Yb/ZnS/C Schottky device has revealed a rectification ratio of 3.48 104 at a biasing voltage of 0.30 V. The barrier height and ideality factor was also determined. Moreover, the impedance spectroscopy analysis have shown that the Yb/ZnS/C device is very attractive for use as varactor devices of wide tunability. The device could also be employed as microwave resonator above 1337 MHz.
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Quantum Confinement Observation of Milled Potassium Chloride
M. Rashad,E. F. M. El-Zaidia,S. E. AL Garni,A. A. A. Darwish 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2019 NANO Vol.14 No.6
Potassium chloride (KCl) nanoparticles were synthesized by ball milling technique with different milling time. The e®ect of milling time on structural and optical properties was investigated. The structural properties of the purchased samples are characterized by Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction techniques. The Raman spectroscopy of the KCl hints at an excellent alloying behavior of those compounds and a preferred crystal structure for certain composition. The optical band is calculated by analyzing the spectral behavior of the absorption cofficient in the absorption region which revealed direct transitions. The value optical band increases (4.02–5.11 eV) with increasing milling time (0–15 h) due to quantum confinement after the ball milling process. The refractive and absorption indices were calculated for all samples. The model of Wemple–DiDomenico was used to calculate the dispersion parameters. The nonlinear susceptibility of the third order and the nonlinear refractive index were calculated by linear optical parameters using the generalized Miller rule.
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Saleh A. Mohamed,Abdulrahman L. Al-Malki,Jalaluddin A. Khan,Saleh A. Kabli,Saleh M. Al-Garni 한국미생물학회 2013 The journal of microbiology Vol.51 No.5
Different solid state fermentation (SSF) sources were tested such as cantaloupe and watermelon rinds, orange and banana peels, for the production of polygalacturonase (PG) and xylanase (Xyl) by Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma virens. The maximum production of both PG and Xyl were obtained by T. harzianum and T. virnes grown on cantaloupe and watermelon rinds, respectively. Time course, moisture content, temperature, pH, supplementation with carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized to achieve the maximum production of both PG and Xyl of T. harzianum and T. virens using cantaloupe and watermelon rinds, respectively. The maximum production of PG and Xyl of T. harzianum and T. virens was recorded at 4–5 days of incubation, 50–66%moisture, temperature 28–35°C and pH 6–7. The influence of supplementary carbon and nitrogen sources was studied. For T. harzianum, lactose enhanced PG activity from 87 to 120 units/g solid, where starch and maltose enhanced Xyl activity from 40 to 55–60 units/g solid for T. virnes. Among the nitrogen sources, ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate,yeast extract and urea increased PG activity from 90to 110–113 units/g solid for T. harzianum. Similarly, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulphate and yeast extract increased Xyl activity from 45 to 55–70 units/g solid for T. virens.
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