Canonical transient receptor potential channels and their modulators: biology, pharmacology and therapeutic potentials

Yuan-Yuan Gao,Wen Tian,Hui-Nan Zhang,Yang Sun,Jing-Ru Meng,Wei Cao,Xiao-Qiang Li 대한약학회 2021 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.44 No.4

Canonical transient receptor potential channels(TRPCs) are nonselective, high calcium permeability cationicchannels. The TRPCs family includes TRPC1, TRPC2,TRPC3, TRPC4, TRPC5, TRPC6, and TRPC7. These channelsare widely expressed in the cardiovascular and nervoussystems and exist in many other human tissues and celltypes, playing several crucial roles in the human physiologicaland pathological processes. Hence, the emergenceof TRPCs modulators can help investigate these channels’applications in health and disease. It is worth noting that theTRPCs subfamilies have structural and functional similarities,which presents a signifi cant diffi culty in screening anddiscovering of TRPCs modulators. In the past few years,only a limited number of selective modulators of TRPCswere detected; thus, additional research on more potent andmore selective TRPCs modulators is needed. The presentreview focuses on the striking desired therapeutic eff ectsof TRPCs modulators, which provides intel on the structuralmodifi cation of TRPCs modulators and further pharmacologicalresearch. Importantly, TRPCs modulators cansignifi cantly facilitate future studies of TRPCs and TRPCsrelated diseases.

Combined pre-detection and sleeping for energy-efficient spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks

Gao, Yuan,Deng, Zhixiang,Choi, Dongmin,Choi, Chang Elsevier 2018 Journal of parallel and distributed computing Vol.114 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this paper, we propose a cooperative spectrum sensing scheme including a combined pre-detection and sleeping policy. In the scheme, the designed pre-detection sub-phase is applied at the beginning of the detection of the presence of a primary user, where all sensing nodes are involved to improve the detection performance. The sleeping policy is applied for each sensing node respectively at the end of the pre-detection sub-phase and the beginning of the transmission of the local detection results, in order to decrease sensing energy consumption. We formulate the problem of minimizing the maximum average energy consumption per sensing node in Rayleigh fading channels, considering the constraints of the required global detection and false alarm probabilities and the tolerable interference caused to the primary user. Numerical results show that the scheme achieves significant energy saving as compared to a scheme that includes only a sleeping policy and does not consider pre-detection.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We propose a combined pre-detection and sleeping scheme for spectrum sensing. </LI> <LI> The sensing performance is not affected by a high sleeping rate of secondary relays. </LI> <LI> An analytical framework is based on more practical channel conditions. </LI> <LI> A search algorithm is studied to obtain low complexity for solving the optimal problem. </LI> <LI> The proposed scheme achieves significant energy saving for spectrum sensing. </LI> </UL> </P>

The use of fluorescent techniques in combination with flow cytometry for fast counting of Bifidobacterium longum ATCC BAA-2753 in BIFICO capsule

Yuan Gao,Hong-jing Yu,Bin Wen 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.5

BIFICO is a main microecological drug that the main ingredient is Bifidobacterium longum ATCC BAA- 2753. It’s necessary to detect the number of Bifidobacterium longum ATCC BAA-2753 for quality control during the production of BIFICO. Plate count assay (PCA) is the most commonly used method for counting microbial cells. However, not all microorganisms can be counted by PCA. (e.g. uncultured microorganisms under specific growth conditions). In this study, a method of fluorescent techniques in combination with flow cytometry (FCM) was established for the counting of Bifidobacterium longum BAA-2753. Using SYTO9 and PI stain, flow cytometric analysis could easily differentiate live bacteria and dead bacteria. The number of live bacteria determined by FCM was about fourfold higher than that counted by PCA. Therefore, the FCM method could be a practical tool for the quality control of Bifidobacterium longum BAA-2753 in the industrial production of BIFICO.

A green ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction method for efficient extraction of total polyphenols from Empetrum nigrum and determination of its bioactivities

Yuan Gao,Yutong Shi,Na Miao,Wenxin Xing,Cholil Yun,Shengfang Wang,Wenjie Wang,Huimei Wang 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.109 No.-

In this study, a green and efficient ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction (UAEE) method was establishedfor total polyphenols (TPP) extraction from E. nigrum aerial parts. Fractional Factorial design (FFD)was initially implemented for the selection of significant parameters affecting TPP yield and then Box-Behnken design-response surface methodology (BBD-RSM) was employed to optimize the parameters. The optimum extraction conditions for UAEE were as follows: incubation temperature of 38.39 ℃, incubationtime of 3.39 h, tannase of 386.53 U/g of sample (U/g), and cellulase of 224.42 U/g. Under the optimumconditions, the TPP yield was 52.17 ± 0.39 mg/g, which was 1.62 and 1.73 times those of themethods of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE), respectively. The crude extract was purified by HPD-600 microporous resin, and the purity was improved from8.11% to 22.56%. In addition, the results of antioxidant and antibacterial activity assays showed thatthe purified extract has stronger bioactivities in contrast with the crude extract. This study indicated thatUAEE was an effective technique for the extraction of TPP from the aerial parts of E. nigrum, and TPPextracted by this extraction method could be applied in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food industries.

Adaptive Cooperation for Bidirectional Communication in Cognitive Radio Networks

( Yuan Gao ),( Changping Zhu ),( Zhixiang Deng ),( Yibin Tang ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2017 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.11 No.3

In the interweave cognitive networks, the interference from the primary user degrades the performance of the cognitive user transmissions. In this paper, we propose an adaptive cooperation scheme in the interweave cognitive networks to improve the performance of the cognitive user transmissions. In the proposed scheme for the bidirectional communication of two end-source cognitive users, the bidirectional communication is completed through the non-relay direct transmission, the one-way relaying cooperation transmission, and the two-way relaying cooperation transmission depending on the limited feedback from the end-sources. For the performance analysis of the proposed scheme, we derive the outage probability and the finite-SNR diversity multiplexing tradeoff (f-DMT) in a closed form, considering the imperfect spectrum sensing, the interference from the primary user, and the power allocation between the relay and the end-sources. The results show that compared with the direct transmissions (DT), the pure one-way relaying transmissions (POWRT), and the pure two-way relaying transmissions (PTWRT), the proposed scheme has better outage performance. In terms of the f-DMT, the proposed scheme outperforms the full cooperation transmissions of the POWRT and PTWRT.

Spectrum Hole Utilization in Cognitive Two-way Relaying Networks

( Yuan Gao ),( Changping Zhu ),( Yibin Tang ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2014 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.8 No.3

This paper investigates the spectrum hole utilization of cooperative schemes for the two-way relaying model in order to improve the utilization efficiency of limited spectrum holes in cognitive radio networks with imperfect spectrum sensing. We propose two specific bidirectional secondary data transmission (BSDT) schemes with two-step and three-step two-way relaying models, i.e., two-BSDT and three-BSDT schemes, where the spectrum sensing and the secondary data transmission are jointly designed. In the proposed cooperative schemes, the best two-way relay channel between two secondary users is selected from a group of secondary users serving as cognitive relays and assists the bi-directional communication between the two secondary users without a direct link. The closed-form asymptotic expressions for outage probabilities of the two schemes are derived with a primary user protection constraint over Rayleigh fading channels. Based on the derived outage probabilities, the spectrum hole utilization is calculated to evaluate the percentage of spectrum holes used by the two secondary users for their successful information exchange without channel outage. Numerical results show that the spectrum hole utilization depends on the spectrum sensing overhead and the channel gain from a primary user to secondary users. Additionally, we compare the spectrum hole utilization of the two schemes as the varying of secondary signal to noise ratio, the number of cognitive relays, and symmetric and asymmetric channels.

Optimization the extraction of anthocyanins from blueberry residue by dual-aqueous phase method and cell damage protection study

Yuan Gao,Yubin Ji,Fuling Wang,Wenlan Li,Xiaomeng Zhang,Zhihui Niu,Zhuo Wang 한국식품과학회 2021 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.30 No.13

Blueberry residue is usually discarded as waste,but has a high anthocyanins content. The extraction methodof anthocyanins from blueberry residue with ultrasonicassisted dual-aqueous phase system was optimized. Interms of the principle of central group and design (CCD)experimental design, three-factor and five-level responsesurface analysis was adopted to optimize the extractionconditions with the extraction rate of anthocyanins. Theoptimum extraction rate of anthocyanin was12.372 ± 0.078 mg/g. Anthocyanin extract could protectthe pBR322 DNA oxidative damage induced by Fentonreagent, increase the superoxide dismutase(SOD) and glutathioneperoxidase (GSH-Px) enzyme activities, anddecrease the H2O2-induced cell apoptosis of human normalliver cell (LO2 cell). The study indicates that the extractionrate of anthocyanin was increased by optimized ultrasonicassisted dual-aqueous phase system. The anthocyaninextract could protect DNA and LO2 cell from oxidativedamage.

Kinesin Family Member 11 Enhances the Self-Renewal Ability of Breast Cancer Cells by Participating in the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway

Yuan-yuan Pei,Gao-chi Li,Jian Ran,Xin-hong Wan,Feng-xiang Wei,Lan Wang 한국유방암학회 2019 Journal of breast cancer Vol.22 No.4

Purpose: Our previous studies have shown that kinesin family member 11 (KIF11) is markedly overexpressed in human breast cancer cells or tissues and positively correlated with distant metastasis and prognosis in patients with breast cancer, suggesting an important role in the regulation of cancer stem cells. Herein, we examined the role of KIF11 in breast cancer stem cells. Methods: In the current study, we validated our previous findings through analysis of data collected in The Cancer Genome Atlas. Endogenous KIF11 was stably silenced in MCF-7 and SKBR-3 cells. Flow cytometry was used to measure the proportion of side-population (SP) cells. Mammosphere culture and tumor implantation experiments in immunodeficient mice were used to assess the self-renewal ability of breast cancer cells. Real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blot, immunofluorescence staining, luciferase reporter assays and Wnt agonist treatment were conducted to investigate the signaling pathways regulated by KIF11. Results: We found that the expression level of KIF11 was positively correlated with stem cell-enrichment genes. The proportion of SP cells was significantly reduced in KIF11-silenced cells. Silencing endogenous KIF11 not only reduced the size and number of mammospheres in vitro, but also reduced the ability of breast cancer cells to form tumors in mice. Simultaneously, we found that KIF11 was involved in regulating the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Conclusion: Endogenous KIF11 enhances the self-renewal of breast cancer cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, thereby enhancing the characteristics of breast cancer stem cells.

An Optimization Method for Designing LDPC Analog Decoders Based on Frequent Subgraph Mining Algorithm

Yuan Gao,Yujie Lin,Jibo Dai 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.9 No.10

To lower the mapping complexity of designing analog decoders, a method to optimize the design of low-density parity-check (LDPC) analog decoders is proposed in this paper. Based on factor graphs and the sum-product algorithm, the LDPC decoding process on the factor graph and the construction of analog decoders are exploited. Then the frequent subgraph mining algorithm is introduced to search the isomorphic subgraphs in factor graphs. According to the output of the frequent subgraph mining algorithm which enumerates all the subgraphs in factor graphs, the mapping complexity of a LDPC analog decoder can be significantly reduced. Finally, a (40, 16) LDPC analog decoder is constructed using the proposed method. Simulation results show that the need to place gates and connections can be reduced 90% and 23%, respectively, and the ideal performance is obtained by carefully choosing unit currents and decoding time.

454 Pyrosequencing Analysis of Bacterial Diversity Revealed by a Comparative Study of Soils from Mining Subsidence and Reclamation Areas

( Yuan Yuan Li ),( Long Qian Chen ),( Hong Yu Wen ),( Tian Jian Zhou ),( Ting Zhang ),( Xia Li Gao ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2014 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.24 No.3

Significant alteration in the microbial community can occur across reclamation areas suffering subsidence from mining. A reclamation site undergoing fertilization practices and an adjacent coal-excavated subsidence site (sites A and B, respectively) were examined to characterize the bacterial diversity using 454 high-throughput 16S rDNA sequencing. The dominant taxonomic groups in both the sites were Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Betaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Firmicutes. However, the bacterial communities` abundance, diversity, and composition differed significantly between the sites. Site A presented higher bacterial diversity and more complex community structures than site B. The majority of sequences related to Proteobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Chloroflexi, Nitrospirae, Firmicutes, Betaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, and Anaerolineae were from site A; whereas those related to Actinobacteria, Planctomycetes, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, Gammaproteobacteria, Nitriliruptoria, Alphaproteobacteria, and Phycisphaerae originated from site B. The distribution of some bacterial groups and subgroups in the two sites correlated with soil properties and vegetation due to reclamation practice. Site A exhibited enriched bacterial community, soil organic matter (SOM), and total nitrogen (TN), suggesting the presence of relatively diverse microorganisms. SOM and TN were important factors shaping the underlying microbial communities. Furthermore, the specific plant functional group (legumes) was also an important factor influencing soil microbial community composition. Thus, the effectiveness of 454 pyrosequencing in analyzing soil bacterial diversity was validated and an association between land ecological system restoration, mostly mediated by microbial communities, and an improvement in soil properties in coalmining reclamation areas was suggested.