常用詞“甘”、“甜”歷時演變與興替研究

?玉君(Gan Yeechin),朴敏浚(Park, Min-jun) 중국어문학연구회 2017 중국어문학논집 Vol.0 No.105

It is important to study the diachronic change and replacement of old words by new ones in Chinese etymology as the process does not happen and complete within a short span of time. This paper propose an in-depth study on gan (甘) and tian (甜) by investigating a number of historical documents of various registers from the Pre-Qin to the Ming and Qing dynasties. Based on the diachronic perspective, we conduct a quantitative analysis to show the lexical development and replacement process of gan (甘) and tian (甜) in its original and extended meanings. In the meantime, we also describes usage pattern and competition process of the two words in different periods, by comparing them in terms of usage frequency, semantic expression and syntactic distribution. Because gan (甘) is a polysemy with multiple meanings since the Pre-Qin dynasty, a new word tian (甜) with a single meaning of sweet taste emerged in the Western Han dynasty, which is subsequently commonly used in oral literature in the Wei and Jin dynasties. Afterwards, tian (甜) went into competition with gan (甘) in the Tang and Song dynasties, whose meaning was in turn further extended to psychological and sensory domains in the Ming and Qing dynasties. In modern Chinese, gan (甘) came to only function as a morpheme through semantic bleaching whereas tian (甜) often appeared in sentential structure. The semantic and syntactic functions of the two words remain stable and still in use.

Low Resistance and Transparent Ag/AZO Ohmic Contact to p-GaN

T. Han,T. Wang,X. W. Gan,H. Wu,Y. Shi,C. Liu 한국물리학회 2014 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.65 No.1

Silver (Ag)/ aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) films were deposited on p-GaN by using electronbeamevaporation. After the annealing process, current -voltage (I-V) measurements were carriedout to determine the characteristic of the contacts. The Ag/AZO films annealed at 600 C werefound to present an ohmic contact behavior. The specific contact resistance was calculated tobe 9.76 × 10−4cm2 and the transmittance was over 80% for visibly light. The atomic forcemicroscope was used to measure the aggregation of Ag grains which may have been the main factorin the formation of the Ag/AZO ohmic contact to p-GaN.

Spectrally narrowed edge emission from leaky waveguide modes in organic light-emitting diodes

Gan, Zhengqing,Tian, Yun,Lynch, David W.,Kang, Ji-hun,Park, Q-Han,Shinar, Joseph American Institute of Physics 2009 JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS - Vol.106 No.9

Finite Element Analysis and Experimental Research on Mechanical Performance of Bolt Connections of Corrugated Steel Plates

Gan Tang,Lingfeng Yin,Xiaoming Guo,Jin Cui 한국강구조학회 2015 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.15 No.1

Fabricated corrugated steel silos are widely used for grain storage, and the corrugated steel plates with bolt lap connectionsare often used as the silo wall. This paper aims to research the mechanical performance of bolt connections of corrugated steelplates. Experiments were conducted for eight groups of specimens subjected to various parameters. The finite element modelstook into account the material nonlinearities, geometry nonlinearities and contact nonlinearities. The major factors (platethickness and wave height) were selected, and parametric studies were performed. It is found that the ultimate bearing capacitiesof corrugated steel plate specimens are smaller than those of the flat steel plate specimens, and the ultimate displacements ofthe former are larger than those of the latter. The attaching degree between the nuts and the steel plates is a primary factor ofthe difference. The finite element results are in good agreement with the experimental results. The ultimate bearing capacityof single-bolt connections of corrugated steel plates shows an increasing trend with the increase in plate thickness, and theultimate displacement and ultimate bearing capacity both increase as the wave height decreases. When the wave height of thespecimen decreases to 0 mm, the ultimate bearing capacity and ultimate displacement increase significantly.

A Revisit to the Design of Switched Observers for Switched Linear Systems with Unknown Inputs

Gan-Ji Huang,Wu-Hua Chen 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2014 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.12 No.5

This paper revisits the problem of designing switched observers for switched linear systems with unknown inputs. By performing a state and output coordinates transformation that decouples the unknown input, a novel piecewise time-varying Lyapunov function is introduced to analyze the stabil-ity of the switched error dynamics. Compared with the existing time-invariant Lyapunov function method, the proposed time-varying Lyapunov function method is more suitable to exploit the structural characteristics of switched linear systems. New conditions are derived that guarantee the exponential stability of the switched error dynamics. These conditions are formulated in term of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). By solving a set of LMIs, the switched observers can be designed. Two numerical examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

인간 · 지구 · 문화를 존중하는 창의성 새천년 건설환경디자인 세계대회 2000. 11. 9 ~ 2000. 11. 21

Gan Hock Beng 현대건축사 2000 월간 CONCEPT Vol.- No.21

External Shocks and Business Cycle Fluctuations in Mongolia: Evidence from a Large Bayesian VAR

Gan-Ochir Doojav,Davaajargal Luvsannyam 한국국제경제학회 2019 International Economic Journal Vol.33 No.1

This paper examines macroeconomic effects of external shocks and their transmission mechanisms in one of the most commodityabundant countries-Mongolia using a large Bayesian vector autoregression (BVAR) based on the approach proposed by Bańbura, Giannone, and Reichlin [(2010). Large Bayesian Vector Auto Regressions. Journal of Applied Econometrics,25, 71–92]. Nine structural shocks (five external and four domestic shocks) are identified using a recursive ordering. Results show that external shocks are important sources of macroeconomic volatility in Mongolia. Commodity price shocks affect the economy through exchange rate and budget expenditure channels, while China’s growth and FDI shocks are primarily transmitted through the real sector and bank lending channels.

Geopolitics and Regionalism : China`s New Silk Road: Where Does It Lead?

( Gan Jun Xian ),( Mao Yan ) 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2016 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.40 No.1

We analyze the driving forces behind China’s New Silk Road (NSR) initiative and find that they not only included short-term factors, such as the US “rebalance” of forces in Asia and China’s economic slowdown since 2012, but also long-term factors such as China’s ambition to recover its past glory and integrate itself still further into the global economy. We then look at the external challenges facing China’s initiative, such as geopolitical competition, fear of overdependence, and political instabilities along the old silk routes. We highlight China’s policy dilemmas and discuss the sustainability of China’s NSR initiative and its implications for the world. Our conclusion is that China’s initiative could be in for a rocky road, but if it strikes a good balance between its diplomatic objectives and means and its values and actions, the NSR could speed up regional integration. KEYWORDS: China, the New Silk Road, geopolitical conflicts, regional integration.

煤低温气化废水的净化与资源化工艺研究

GAN Zhong xue(甘中学),LIU Zhen xue(刘振学),GU Jun jie(谷俊杰),SONG Qing feng(宋庆峰) 대전대학교 환경문제연구소 2015 환경문제연구소 논문집 Vol.19 No.-

A large amount of effluent water would be produced from low temperature coal catalytic gasification (LTCCG) developed by ENN Co, Ltd, which located at Langfang, Hebei Province. Many phenol homologous compounds and a large amount of other organic compounds were contained in this effluent water, but the overall concentration of the organic compounds was not very high (CODCr value was about several thousands mg/L). Too high cost would occur if treating it with a traditional liquid-liquid extraction process, and it was a waste of resources if the effluent water was directly purified with biochemical technology. In this paper, a decontaminating and recycling technique was developed for an effluent water, and a two-step technique includes flocculation-recycling and ion exchange adsorption-elution processes. By this two-step process, the CODCr value of the final outlet water was decreased to meet the related national standards, and at least 90% of the organics in the effluent water could be recovered. 正在开发的河北廊坊新奥集团煤低温气化过程中产生大量废水,其中含有多种苯酚同系物及大量其它有机物,但其有机物总浓度并不是很高(CODCr为几千mg/L)。用传统的液液萃取技术进行处理成本太高,直接用生化法处理又有些资源浪费。本文针对其特点开发的净化加资源化技术包括絮沉回收和吸附-洗脱两段工艺,使最终废水CODCr降到符合废水排放的国家标准,并可将废水中90%以上的有机物加以回收。

Application of UV Photocatalytic Degradation of Benzene

Gan, Yi,Liu, Ruiqi,Yu, Zhimin Urban Science Institute 2019 도시과학 Vol.8 No.2

Benzene pollution is becoming increasingly serious, and the treatment technology of benzene has attracted much attention. In this paper, a self-made photocatalytic reactor was used to explore the removal rate of benzene under the ultraviolet light with the wavelength of 253.7nm. The results showed that the degradation rate of benzene decreased from 64.29% to 16.26% when the concentration increased from 43mg/㎥ to 256mg/㎥ under the condition of 28W UV light intensity and 50s residence time. Under the condition of 28W UV light intensity and 103mg/㎥ concentration, the residence time increased from 16.5s to 50s, and the benzene removal rate increased from 13.23% to 42.72%.Under the condition of benzene concentration 103mg/㎥ and residence time of 50s, the removal rate of benzene increased from 29.34% to 52.58% in the process of UV light intensity rising from 28W to 48W.It is concluded that decreasing the concentration and increasing the residence time of gas were beneficial to the removal of benzene and increasing the light intensity can improve the removal rate of benzene.