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      • Detecting Sinkhole Attack in Wireless Sensor Network using Enhanced Particle Swarm Optimization Technique

        G. Keerthana,G. Padmavathi 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.10 No.3

        Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a collection of tiny sensor nodes capable of sensing and processing the data. These sensors are used to collect the information from the environment and pass it on to the base station. A WSN is more vulnerable to various attacks. Among the different types of attacks, sinkhole attack is more vulnerable because it leads to a variety of attacks further in the network. Intrusion detection techniques are applied to handle sinkhole attacks. One of effective approach of intrusion detection mechanism is using Swarm Intelligence techniques (SI). Particle Swarm Optimization is one of the important swarm intelligence techniques. This research work enhances the existing Particle Swarm Optimization technique and the proposed technique is tested in a simulated environment for performance. It is observed that the proposed Enhanced Particle Swarm Optimization (EPSO) technique performs better in terms of Detection rate, False Alarm rate, Packet delivery ration, Message drop and Average delay when compared to the existing swarm intelligence techniques namely, Ant Colony Optimization and Particle Swarm Optimization.

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        VLSI Implementation of Forward Error Control Technique for ATM Networks

        G. Padmavathi,R. Amutha,S.K. Srivatsa 한국전자통신연구원 2005 ETRI Journal Vol.27 No.6

        length cells of 53 bytes are transmitted. A cell may be discarded during transmission due to buffer overflow or a detection of errors. Cell discarding seriously degrades transmission quality. The quality degradation can be reduced by employing efficient forward error control (FEC) to recover discarded cells. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of decoding equipment for FEC in ATM networks based on a single parity check (SPC) product code using very-large-scale integration(VLSI) technology. FEC allows the destination to reconstruct missing data cells by using redundant parity cells that the source adds to each block of data cells. The functionality of the design has been tested using the Model Sim 5.7cXE Simulation Package. The design has been implemented for a 5 × 5 matrix of data cells in a Virtex-EXCV 3200E FG1156 device. The simulation and synthesis results show that the decoding function can be completed in 81 clock cycles with an optimum clock of 56.8 MHz. A test bench was written to study the performance of the decoder, and the results are presented.

      • An Enhanced Cooperative Spectrum Sensing with Wavelet Denoising and Softened Hard Decision for Cognitive Radio Networks

        G. Padmavathi,S. Shanmugavel 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.7 No.6

        Cognitive Radio (CR) is a novel technology that can improve the utilization efficiency of the radio spectrum and also address the spectrum scarcity problem by opportunistically using the unused channels (spectrum holes / white spaces) in the Licensed Spectrum of Primary Users. Spectrum sensing is the primary function of CR which determines the spectrum holes for opportunistic usage by Secondary Users. Spectrum sensing plays a critical role in Cognitive Radio. The development of a reliable and accurate spectrum sensing is very essential to propound quick and accurate detection of white spaces for better throughput of Secondary User network under the constraint of the specified Primary System protection. In this paper, a Cooperative Spectrum Sensing using Wavelet Denoising along with Soften Hard Decision technique has been proposed to improve the performance of spectrum sensing. Simulation result shows an improvement of nearly 15% in the Probability of Missed Detection for a target Probability of False Alarm of 0.1 and SNR of -10 dB. Also 50% improvement in error probability has been achieved with 1-D one level wavelet denoising.

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        Experimental Analysis and Mechanical Properties of Fly-ash Loaded E-Glass Fiber Reinforced IPN (Vinylester/polyurethane) Composite

        R. Ganesamoorthy,G. Suresh,K.R. Padmavathi,J. Rajaparthiban,R. Vezhavendhan,G. Bharathiraja 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.10

        The influence of lignite flyash into the interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) matrix is thoroughly investigatedin this study. The standard weight ratio of E-Glass fiber have been chosen as the reinforcement into the IPN (vinylester/polyurethane) matrix, along with the varying loading of flyash as 0 %, 1 %, 3 %, 5 %, 7 %, 9 % (wt. ratio) respectively,fabricated through the hand lay-up technique. In order to completely understand the physical properties of the flyash loadedIPN composite (E-glass fiber reinforcement) specimen’s tests like differential thermal analysis (DTA), Tensile, Flexural,Compression, Impact, HDT (Heat Deflection Test), and wear test is performed. It was interesting to note that, upon loadingthe flyash into the matrix, the test result confirms that, there was a precipitous increase in the physical strength of all thespecimens’ up to the level of 5 % flyash loading except compressive and Barcoal hardness. Moreover to completely knowabout the bonding and de-bonding strength (flyash & matrix) of the fractured surfaces scanning electron microscope (SEM)analysis has been carried out. Out of all, the 5 % flyash loaded specimens have showed unique characteristics in physicalstrength, wear resistance and enhanced thermal stability as compared with the remaining set of flyash loaded samples.

      • Clone Detection Using Enhanced EDD (EEDD) with Danger Theory in Mobile Wireless Sensor Network

        Ms. L. S. Sindhuja,Dr. G. Padmavathi 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.9 No.4

        In the recent years, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are widely used to reap the benefits of sensing capacity of mobile nodes and its wireless mode of communication. Sensor network architectures can be used for various applications that include intrusion detection, military patrols, border monitoring, etc. The security of nodes in a sensor network is a challenging issue as they are easy targets for attacks. The node replication attack is one among those attacks. The adversary can capture security credentials from a node by compromising the node. The adversary can replicate the node using the same ID. To rectify this problem in a sensor network, various replica node detection techniques have been proposed. These techniques do not work well when multiple replicas are introduced in the network against genuine nodes. Subsequently, the detection capability of the network is degraded. To overcome these problems, this paper proposes Enhanced Efficient Distributed Detection (EEDD) algorithm. It combines the best features of EDD and danger theory of artificial immune system. This hybrid approach EEDD detects the clones. This method prevents multiple replicas in the WSN. The advantages of the proposed method include (i) increased detection rate, (ii) decreased overheads, (iii) high Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) and (iv) low energy consumption. The proposed method is tested in a simulated environment.

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