Alternatives for a Future Relationship between the UK and the EU

Gö,zde Kaya 서울대학교 국제학연구소 2020 Journal of International and Area Studies Vol.27 No.1

It is not much surprising that the right of withdrawal introduced by the Lisbon Treaty in 2009 has first been exercised by the UK. However, no one could predict that Brexit could have been such a longstanding and energy consuming process for both the UK and the EU. This paper seeks to identify the possible likely scenarios that might take effect in terms of the future trade relationship between the two parties from a comparative approach by focusing on the advantages and the disadvantages of these models as well as the parties’ benefits and red lines. The paper tries to demonstrate that all these scenarios bring forward serious negative effects in comparison to preserving the EU membership.

Accuracy of 14 intraoral scanners for the All-on-4 treatment concept: a comparative in vitro study

Gözde Kaya,Caglar Bilmenoglu 대한치과보철학회 2022 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.14 No.6

PURPOSE. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of 14 different intraoral scanners for the All-on-4 treatment concept. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Four implants were placed in regions 13, 16, 23, and 26 of an edentulous maxillary model that was poured with scannable Type 4 gypsum to imitate the All-on-4 concept. The cast was scanned 10 times for each of 14 intraoral scanners (Primescan, iTero 2, iTero 5D, Virtuo Vivo, Trios 3, Trios 4, CS3600, CS3700, Emerald, Emerald S, Medit i500, BenQ BIS-I, Heron IOS, and Aadva IOS 100P) after the polyether ether ketone scanbody was placed. For the control group, the gypsum model was scanned 10 times with an industrial scanner. The first of the 10 virtual models obtained from the industrial model was chosen as the reference model. For trueness, the data of the 14 dental scanners were superimposed with the reference model; for precision, the data of all 14 scanners were superimposed within the groups. Statistical analyses were performed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Shapiro-Wilks, and Dunn’s tests. RESULTS. Primescan showed the highest trueness and precision values (P < .005), followed by the iTero 5D scanner (P < .005). CONCLUSION. Some of these digital scanners can be used to make impressions within the All-on-4 concept. However, the possibility of data loss due to artifacts, reflections, and the inability to combine the data should be considered.

Experiences with Nausea and Vomiting During Pregnancy in Turkish Women Based on Roy Adaptation Model: A Content Analysis

Gözde Gökçe İsbir,Samiye Mete 한국간호과학회 2013 Asian Nursing Research Vol.7 No.4

Purpose: This qualitative study aimed to explore how Turkish women experience nausea and vomiting in pregnancy based on the Roy Adaptation Model. Methods: To collect data, in-depth interviews were undertaken with 35 pregnant women who had nausea and vomiting. The sample of the study included pregnant women who were in their first 12 weeks of gestation, did not have medical problems and had nausea, retching and/or vomiting for at least the last 3 days. Data were collected in semi-structured interview form based on the Roy Adaptation Model and with a background data sheet. Data were analyzed using direct content analysis. Results: Data were classified into four adaptive modes according to the Roy Adaptation Model. The behaviors in the physiological mode were nausea, vomiting, fatigue, changes in sleep patterns, inadequate nutrition, inguinal pain, burning sensation and irritation in the throat, ketosis, and urinary incontinence. The behaviors in the self-concept mode were feeling weak, crying, inadequate self-care, changes in sexual intercourse, and social isolation. The behaviors in the role function mode were being unable to fulfill the responsibilities at home and work. The behaviors in the interdependence mode were dissatisfaction with relationships. Conclusion: The study findings help nursing staff detect the stimuli and the behaviors of pregnant women with nausea and vomiting. Further research may evaluate the impact of a counseling program prepared under the guidance of a nursing model on nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. Purpose: This qualitative study aimed to explore how Turkish women experience nausea and vomiting in pregnancy based on the Roy Adaptation Model. Methods: To collect data, in-depth interviews were undertaken with 35 pregnant women who had nausea and vomiting. The sample of the study included pregnant women who were in their first 12 weeks of gestation, did not have medical problems and had nausea, retching and/or vomiting for at least the last 3 days. Data were collected in semi-structured interview form based on the Roy Adaptation Model and with a background data sheet. Data were analyzed using direct content analysis. Results: Data were classified into four adaptive modes according to the Roy Adaptation Model. The behaviors in the physiological mode were nausea, vomiting, fatigue, changes in sleep patterns, inadequate nutrition, inguinal pain, burning sensation and irritation in the throat, ketosis, and urinary incontinence. The behaviors in the self-concept mode were feeling weak, crying, inadequate self-care, changes in sexual intercourse, and social isolation. The behaviors in the role function mode were being unable to fulfill the responsibilities at home and work. The behaviors in the interdependence mode were dissatisfaction with relationships. Conclusion: The study findings help nursing staff detect the stimuli and the behaviors of pregnant women with nausea and vomiting. Further research may evaluate the impact of a counseling program prepared under the guidance of a nursing model on nausea and vomiting in pregnancy.

Neopterin Levels and Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Activity as Biomarkers of Immune System Activation and Childhood Allergic Diseases

Songül Ünüvar,Duygu Erge,,Bilge Kılıçarslan,,Harika Gözde Gözükara Bağ,Ferhat Çatal,,Gözde Girgin,,Terken Baydar, 대한진단검사의학회 2019 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.39 No.3

Background: Although Th2 immune activation is predominant in allergic diseases, neopterinlevels and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO)-1 activity (kynurenine:tryptophan ratio), which reflect Th1 immune activity, increase with interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) stimulation. We investigated neopterin, tryptophan, and kynurenine levels as biomarkersof the Th1 immune system activation and changes in IDO-1 activityin children with asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis, as well as the relationship between these biomarkers and the total IgE level, age, and disease severity. Methods: We divided 205 children (80 girls and 125 boys, four months to 17 years old) into four groups: controls, patients with asthma, patients with allergic rhinitis, and patients with atopic dermatitis. Peripheral venous blood samples were collected. Neopterin levels were determined by an enzyme immunoassay. Tryptophan and kynurenine levels were analyzed using HPLC. IDO-1 enzyme activity was calculated using tryptophan and kynurenine levels. IgE levels were measured. The Mann–Whitney U test, Kruskal–Wallis test, and Conover post-hoc method were used for statistical analysis. Results: Neopterin, tryptophan, and kynurenine levels were higher and IgE levels and IDO-1 enzyme activity were lower in patients with asthma and allergic rhinitis than in controls (P<0.05). Patients with atopic dermatitis showed higher neopterin, tryptophan, and kynurenine levels, higher IDO-1 activity, and lower IgE levels thancontrols (P<0.05). Conclusions: The Th1/Th2 balance is disrupted in children with allergic diseases, concomitant with increased Th1-mediated immune response activation and reduced IgEproduction, which is promoted by Th2-type cytokines.

Impact of root canal curvature and instrument type on the amount of extruded debris during retreatment

Serefoglu Burcu,Kandemir Demirci Gözde,Miçooğulları Kurt Seniha,Kaşıkçı Bilgi İlknur,Çalışkan Mehmet Kemal 대한치과보존학회 2021 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.46 No.1

Objectives: The aim of the current study was to assess whether the amount of extruded debris differs for straight and severely curved root canals during retreatment using H-files, R-Endo, Reciproc and ProTaper Universal Retreatment (PTU-R) files. Additionally, the area of residual filling material was evaluated. Materials and Methods: Severely curved (n = 104) and straight (n = 104) root canals of maxillary molar teeth were prepared with WaveOne Primary file and obturated with gutta-percha and AH Plus sealer. Root canal filling materials were removed with one of the preparation techniques: group 1: H-file; group 2: R-Endo; group 3: Reciproc; group 4: PTU-R (n = 26). The amount of extruded material and the area of the residual filling material was measured. The data were analyzed with 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and 1-way ANOVA at the 0.05 significance level. Results: Except for Reciproc group (p > 0.05), PTU-R, R-Endo, and H-file systems extruded significantly more debris in severely curved canals (p < 0.05). Each file system caused more residual filling material in severely curved canals than in straight ones (p < 0.05). Conclusions: All instruments used in this study caused apical debris extrusion. Root canal curvature had an effect on extruded debris, except for Reciproc system. Clinicians should be aware that the difficult morphology of the severely curved root canals is a factor increasing the amount of extruded debris during the retreatment procedure.

Evaluation of neopterin levels and kynurenine pathway in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Kember Ibrahim,Sanajou Sonia,Kilicarslan Bilge,Girgin Gözde,Baydar Terken 대한중환자의학회 2023 Acute and Critical Care Vol.38 No.3

Background: Coronary atherosclerosis is the leading cause of coronary artery disease. Several investigations have indicated that tear-sensitive plaques contain macrophages and T cells. Neopterin is an essential cellular immune response biomarker. The main goal of this study was to see if there were any changes in biomarkers like unconjugated pteridines, neopterin, and biopterin, as well as kynurenine pathway enzymes like indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), which catalyzes the rate-limiting step in tryptophan degradation, in patients with the acute coronary syndrome (ACS) caused by angiographic atherosclerosis.Methods: High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the amounts of neopterin, biopterin, and creatinine in urine samples, as well as tryptophan and kynurenine in serum samples. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to assess the amounts of neopterin in serum samples. The measured parameters were evaluated between ACS patients and controls.Results: The measured levels of neopterin, biopterin and the kynurenine to tryptophan ratio reflecting IDO activity, and the specifically known biomarkers such as cardiac troponin, creatine kinase, myoglobin, and natriuretic peptides are statistically higher in ACS patients compared to control subjects. On the other hand, the measured parameters are inadequate to classify the conventional kinds of ACS, ST-elevation- and non-ST-elevation- myocardial infarction.Conclusions: The study found that determining and using neopterin and IDO parameters as biomarkers in individuals with the ACS can support traditional biomarkers. However, it can be concluded that evaluating pteridine biomarkers solely have no privilege to clinical findings in ACS diagnosis and classification.

ON THE GEOMETRY OF RATIONAL BÉZIER CURVES

( Ayşe Yilmaz Ceylan ),( Tunahan Turhan ),( Gözde Özkan Tükel ) 호남수학회 2021 호남수학학술지 Vol.43 No.1

The purpose of this paper is to assign a movable frame to an arbitrary point of a rational Bézier curve on the 2-sphere S² in Euclidean 3-space R³ to provide a better understanding of the geometry of the curve. Especially, we obtain the formula of geodesic curvature for a quadratic rational Bézier curve that allows a curve to be characterized on the surface. Moreover, we give some important results and relations for the Darboux frame and geodesic curvature of a such curve. Then, in specific case, given characterizations for the quadratic rational Bézier curve are illustrated on a unit 2-sphere.

Evaluation of Vancomycin Resistance 3 Multiplexed PCR Assay for Detection of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci from Rectal Swabs

Yesim Cekin,Aylin Erman Daloğlu,Dilara Öğünç,Betil Özhak Baysan,Duygu Dağlar,Dilara İnan,Derya Mutlu,Gözde Öngüt,Dilek Çolak 대한진단검사의학회 2013 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.33 No.5

Background: Active screening for vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) using rectal specimens is recommended to limit the spread of antimicrobial resistance within certain high-risk populations. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of Vancomycin Resistance 3 Multiplexed Tandem PCR assay (AusDiagnostics, Australia), a rapid multiplex realtime PCR assay that detects vanA and/or vanB. Methods: Two-hundred-and-eleven rectal swabs from Hematology and Oncology unit were submitted for VRE surveillance via direct detection of vanA and/or vanB by culture and by using Vancomycin Resistance 3 Multiplexed Tandem PCR assay. Enterococci were identified to the species level by using standard biochemical tests and BD Phoenix Automated Microbiology System (BD Diagnostic Systems, USA). Vancomycin susceptibility of enterococci was determined using Etest (BioMerieux, France). Results: Compared to the culture method, Vancomycin Resistance 3 Multiplexed Tandem PCR assay had a sensitivity of 84.0%, specificity of 98.8%, positive predictive value (PPV)of 91.3%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 97.6%. The assay failed to detect 18(8.5%) specimens because of the presence of PCR inhibitors; of the remaining 193 specimens,25 (12.9%) were positive, 23 for vanA, and 2 for vanB. Although both sensitivity and specificity for vanA VRE was 100% compared to the culture method, all vanB-positive specimens tested negative by VRE culture. Conclusions: Vancomycin Resistance 3 Multiplexed Tandem PCR assay is a rapid and laborsaving option for VRE surveillance for direct use on rectal swabs. However, the high rate of PCR failure owing to the inhibitors in the specimens and the low specificity for vanB should be considered when interpreting the results.