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Satoshi FUTAI,Kazuto SETO,Ryo WATANABE,Yuichi IWASAKI,Mitsuru MIYAZAKI,Toru WATANABE 대한기계학회 2015 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.춘계 No.-
This paper proposes a new type of active seismo-meter measuring vibration possessing long period and wide dynamic range. In order to lower the natural frequency and expand the detectable amplitude, the sensor with the low natural frequency is realized by using feedback control. Besides, analog feedback control circuit consisted of resistors, capacitors and operational amplifiers possess temperature dependency, while digital feedback control circuit consisted of computer and digital signal processor is temperature independent. In this report, a novel digital feedback control circuit is developed and tested to avoid temperature dependency. It has been demonstrated that the detectable frequency range and the dynamic range of that is expanded.
Ryota Kataoka,Zaki Anwar Siddiqui,Junichi Kikuchi,Masaki Ando,Rina Sriwati,Ai Nozaki,Kazuyoshi Futai 한국미생물학회 2012 The journal of microbiology Vol.50 No.2
The fungus Tricholoma matsutake forms an ectomycorrhizal relationship with pine trees. Its sporocarps often develop in a circle, which is commonly known as a fairy ring. The fungus produces a solid, compact, white aggregate of mycelia and mycorrhizae beneath the fairy ring, which in Japanese is called a ‘shiro’. In the present study, we used soil dilution plating and molecular techniques to analyze the bacterial communities within, beneath, and outside the T. matsutake fairy ring. Soil dilution plating confirmed previous reports that bacteria and actinomycetes are seldom present in the soil of the active mycorrhizal zone of the T. matsutake shiro. In addition, the results showed that the absence of bacteria was strongly correlated with the presence of T. matsutake mycorrhizae. The results demonstrate that bacteria, especially aerobic and heterotrophic forms, and actinomycetes,are strongly inhibited by T. matsutake. Indeed, neither bacteria nor actinomycetes were detected in 11.3% of 213 soil samples from the entire shiro area by culture-dependent methods. However, molecular techniques demonstrated that some bacteria, such as individual genera of Sphingomonas and Acidobacterium, were present in the active mycorrhizal zone, even though they were not detected in soil assays using the dilution plating technique.
Muscarinic receptors induce LTD of NMDAR EPSCs via a mechanism involving hippocalcin, AP2 and PSD-95
Jo, Jihoon,Son, Gi Hoon,Winters, Bryony L,Kim, Myung Jong,Whitcomb, Daniel J,Dickinson, Bryony A,Lee, Youn-Bok,Futai, Kensuke,Amici, Mascia,Sheng, Morgan,Collingridge, Graham L,Cho, Kwangwook Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2010 NATURE NEUROSCIENCE Vol.13 No.10
Although muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) and NMDA receptors (NMDARs) are important for synaptic plasticity, learning and memory, the manner in which they interact is poorly understood. We found that stimulation of muscarinic receptors, either by an agonist or by the synaptic release of acetylcholine, led to long-term depression (LTD) of NMDAR-mediated synaptic transmission. This form of LTD involved the release of Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> from IP<SUB>3</SUB>-sensitive intracellular stores and was expressed via the internalization of NMDARs. Our results suggest that the molecular mechanism involves a dynamic interaction between the neuronal calcium sensor protein hippocalcin, the clathrin adaptor molecule AP2, the postsynaptic density enriched protein PSD-95 and NMDARs. We propose that hippocalcin binds to the SH3 region of PSD-95 under basal conditions, but it translocates to the plasma membrane on sensing Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>; in doing so, it causes PSD-95 to dissociate from NMDARs, permitting AP2 to bind and initiate their dynamin-dependent endocytosis.