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- 저자 : Flaig, T. W. (검색결과 4 건)
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Dorothee Flaig,Jared Greenville 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 2021 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.36 No.2
Global value chains (GVCs) a re an increasingly important driver of world t rade, and they are relevant in analyzing border policies and trade agreements. Combining methods of value added decomposition and a computable general equilibrium model, we show how tariff liberalization in APEC impacts on measures of integration. The trade agreement increases GVC integration worldwide irrespective of membership. The effects differ by type of integration, namely, forward or backward, depending on the source of intermediate inputs, the membership of countries up- and downstream the supply chain, and the border protection in the base. The analysis reveals some limitations of the presented integration measures in a dynamic context. First, value added incorporates income related to policy measures, and decreasing integration can reflect a lower tax burden and a more efficient network. Second, changes do not allow interpreting the size of effects of underlying variables, and similar changes can result from various underlying developments.
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Trade Restrictions in Brazil : Who Pays the Price?
( Sonia Araujo ),( Dorothee Flaig ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 2017 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.32 No.2
This study finds that a unilateral reduction in Brazil`s relatively high barriers to trade would increase its integration into the world economy and expand production and jobs. Using a multi-region Computable General Equilibrium model that is particularly well-suited to gauge the impact of trade policy shocks in global value chains, this study documents the effects of reducing important barriers to trade in Brazil: reducing import tariffs and local content requirements, and eliminating indirect taxes levied on exports. The largest gains in production and exports would accrue to manufacturing sectors, contradicting the widespread perception in Brazil that lifting trade protection would reduce the share of manufacturing in production. Moreover, deeper integration into global value chains would raise economic efficiency, and the higher share of foreign intermediate goods used in production would lead to lower prices, boost international competitiveness, and also benefit Brazilian households.
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GNSS Double Differences Used as Beacon Landing System for Aircraft Instrument Approach
Thomas Dautermann,Bernd Korn,Karin Flaig,Maarten Uijt de Haag 한국항공우주학회 2021 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.22 No.6
When using GNSS navigation for final approach guidance of aircraft to a landing site, the only systems currently available are differential GNSS with additional integrity data called augmentation systems. These work well when the landing site is fixed in space and well surveyed. In all other cases, augmentation systems are difficult to use. Here, we propose relative navigation based on GNSS double difference measurement to accomplish the same task, but also onto moving landing platforms or at unsurveyed locations. We call this the Beacon Landing System. Furthermore, we show long term measurement data confirming the sub-meter accuracy and results from flight tests. During the flight test we successfully used the relative navigation for aircraft guidance.
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Knox, J. J.,Barrios, C. H.,Kim, T. M.,Cosgriff, T.,Srimuninnimit, V.,Pittman, K.,Sabbatini, R.,Rha, S. Y.,Flaig, T. W.,Page, R. D.,Beck, J. T.,Cheung, F.,Yadav, S.,Patel, P.,Geoffrois, L.,Niolat, J.,B Oxford University Press 2017 ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY Vol.28 No.6
<P><B>Background</B></P><P>RECORD-3 compared everolimus and sunitinib as first-line therapy, and the sequence of everolimus followed by sunitinib at progression compared with the opposite (standard) sequence in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). This final overall survival (OS) analysis evaluated mature data for secondary end points.</P><P><B>Patients and methods</B></P><P>Patients received either first-line everolimus followed by second-line sunitinib at progression (<I>n = </I>238) or first-line sunitinib followed by second-line everolimus (<I>n = </I>233). Secondary end points were combined first- and second-line progression-free survival (PFS), OS, and safety. The impacts of neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and baseline levels of soluble biomarkers on OS were explored.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>At final analysis, median duration of exposure was 5.6 months for everolimus and 8.3 months for sunitinib. Median combined PFS was 21.7 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 15.1–26.7] with everolimus-sunitinib and 22.2 months (95% CI 16.0–29.8) with sunitinib-everolimus [hazard ratio (HR)<SUB>EVE-SUN/SUN-EVE</SUB>, 1.2; 95% CI 0.9–1.6]. Median OS was 22.4 months (95% CI 18.6–33.3) for everolimus-sunitinib and 29.5 months (95% CI 22.8–33.1) for sunitinib-everolimus (HR<SUB>EVE-SUN/SUN-EVE</SUB>, 1.1; 95% CI 0.9–1.4). The rates of grade 3 and 4 adverse events suspected to be related to second-line therapy were 47% with everolimus and 57% with sunitinib. Higher NLR and 12 soluble biomarker levels were identified as prognostic markers for poor OS with the association being largely independent of treatment sequences.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Results of this final OS analysis support the sequence of sunitinib followed by everolimus at progression in patients with mRCC. The safety profiles of everolimus and sunitinib were consistent with those previously reported, and there were no unexpected safety signals.</P><P><B>Clinical Trials number</B></P><P>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT00903175</P>
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