LULC analysis of urban spaces using Markov chain predictive model at Ranchi in India

Firoz Ahmad,Laxmi Goparaju,Abdul Qayum 대한공간정보학회 2017 Spatial Information Research Vol.25 No.3

Monitoring of land use and land cover (LULC) change is one important drivers of global change, which plays a decisive role on the management and sustainable developmental planning for urban spaces. The study aims to develop series of LULC maps of urban areas of Ranchi, India and was studied during the years 1989 and 2015. It predicts LULC changes using geospatial tools such as remote sensing and GIS. Various satellite imagery datasets such as Landsat TM, ETM? and Landsat 8 OLI of years 1989, 2002 and 2015 were used to analyze urban LULC, which was later used to predict for 2015 and 2028 using Markov transition matrix and was cross-validated with true LULC of 2015. The urban area growth was found 11% more than the predicted value. Slope map was also generated from digital elevation model and urban expansion in 2015 was 67% and with respect to roads it was 60% within 1 km road buffer in 2015 over 2002. Regression equation was developed over decadal population of 1961–2011 to estimate it for years 1989, 2002, 2015 and 2028. The population has increased 102% in 2015 over 1989. However, Markov predicted 43% more urban expansion for year 2028 over 2015. Coarse resolution temporal satellite data can be effectively harnessed to assess LULC change whereas prediction can be done with accuracy as high as 89.02% based on Markov transition matrix. An effective coordination between governments agencies are solicited to achieve sustainable development to be implemented systematically.

A geospatial analysis of climate variability and its impact on forest fire: a case study in Orissa state of India

Firoz Ahmad,Laxmi Goparaju 대한공간정보학회 2018 Spatial Information Research Vol.26 No.6

The dynamic changes of forest fire events are due to the swing of climate parameter. Geospatial technology has strong capability to analyze various thematic datasets towards visualization of spatial/temporal pattern and plays a vital role in fire management efforts. This paper aims to analyze the climate and forest fire trend using Geospatial technology in the state of Orissa of India. The 84.5% of forest fire events are observed in the month of March and April and it is significantly high in the south of Kandhamal, east of Kalahandi, north of Rayagada and north of Gajapati district. The parameters which favour the forest fire events in the month of March onwards were observed. The Maximum temperature is showing an increasing trend from February to June whereas the increase is significantly high during March and April. The solar radiation increased to 144% in the month of March when compared with preceding month whereas relative humidity was decreased to 64% in the same month. The evaluation of Cramer V coefficient values of minimum temperature, solar radiation, maximum temperature and relative humidity are found to be 0.302, 0.327, 0.366 and 0.482 respectively. The relative humidity shows strong relationship with fire events. Such data analysis would help in safeguarding the forest.

Molecular Evaluation of DNMT3A and IDH1/2 Gene Mutation: Frequency, Distribution Pattern and Associations with Additional Molecular Markers in Normal Karyotype Indian Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients

Ahmad, Firoz,Mohota, Rupali,Sanap, Savita,Mandava, Swarna,Das, Bibhu Ranjan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.3

Mutations in the DNMT3A and IDH genes represent the most common genetic alteration after FLT3/NPM1 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We here analyzed the frequency and distribution pattern of DNMT3A and IDH mutations and their associations with other molecular markers in normal karyotype AML patients. Fortyfive patients were screened for mutations in DNMT3A (R882), IDH1 (R132) and IDH2 (R140 and R172) genes by direct sequencing. Of the 45 patients screened, DNMT3A and IDH mutations were observed in 6 (13.3%) and 7 (15.4%), respectively. Patients with isolated DNMT3A mutations were seen in 4 cases (9%), isolated IDH mutations in 5 (11.1%), while interestingly, two cases showed both DNMT3A and IDH mutations (4.3%). Nucleotide sequencing of DNMT3A revealed missense mutations (R882H and R882C), while that of IDH revealed R172K, R140Q, R132H and R132S. Both DNMT3A and IDH mutations were observed only in adults, with a higher frequency in males. DNMT3A and IDH mutations were significantly associated with NPM1, while trends towards higher coexistence with FLT3 mutations were observed. This is the first study to evaluate DNMT3A/IDH mutations in Indian patients. Significant associations among the various molecular markers was observed, that highlights cooperation between them and possible roles in improved risk stratification.

Geospatial application for agroforestry suitability mapping based on FAO guideline: case study of Lohardaga, Jharkhand State of India

Firoz Ahmad,Md Meraj Uddin,Laxmi Goparaju 대한공간정보학회 2018 Spatial Information Research Vol.26 No.5

In view of climate change scenario, the increasing population, higher food demand and deteriorating land productivity are the key issues which need to be addressed in present time frame because it will be more critical in the future. The scientific evaluation of land for agroforestry is a step towards sustainability for achieving the socio-economic and environmental goal of the community. The objective of the present study was to investigate the suitability of land use/land cover of Lohardaga district of state of Jharkhand, India for agroforestry use based on FAO land suitability criteria utilizing Landsat-8 images (NDVI/wetness), ASTER DEM (elevation/slope/ drainage and watershed), ancillary data source (rainfall/ organic carbon/pH and nutrient status). The analysis of our study for agroforestry suitability reveals that 50.5% area as highly suitable (S1), 28.2% area as moderately suitable (S2), 20% area as marginally suitable (S3) and 1.3% area as not suitable (NS). Only 2.9% of the total land area is dominated by two season crop which is a matter of serious concern. The statistical analysis of the results reveals that the lands have huge potentiality for harnessing agroforestry crops if utilized scientifically. Such results will greatly help to the state level policymakers for achieving the national agroforestry policy goal for extending it to the new areas in the districts of Jharkhand.

Geo-spatial perspective of vegetation health evaluation and climate change scenario in India

Firoz Ahmad,Laxmi Goparaju,Abdul Qayum 대한공간정보학회 2019 Spatial Information Research Vol.27 No.5

Vegetation health of any ecosystem and changes in it are vital in global change in ecology and it is delicately linked to climate change. This study evaluated the spatial patterns of significant negative change trend using composite NOAA-AVHRR data time series (1982–2006), long term forest fire point data, invasive hotspot data and predicted climate anomalies data over the different harmonized landcover categories of India. Around 65% of Indian forest shows the trend of negative change. Significant negative change were found to be highest (203,026 km2) over ‘Tropical mixed deciduous and dry deciduous forests’ category, followed by ‘Tropical lowland forests, broadleaved, evergreen’ (81,555 km2) and ‘Evergreen shrubland & regrowth/Abandoned shifting cultivation/Extensive shifting cultivation’ (55,811 km2). Around 85% of Indian biodiversity hotspot showed the negative change. The analysis of forest fire revealed the ‘Tropical mixed deciduous and dry deciduous forests’ retained the highest forest fire percentage (40%). The prediction of temperature anomalies for the year 2030 using RCP 4.5 model showed the increase in the temperature in the range of 0.58–1.32 C and was found highest in northern part of India. Similarly, the rainfall prediction for the year 2030 showed rainfall deficit in several states of India. The outcomes of the present study would help in prioritization of various vegetation types suffering from anthropogenic and natural disturbances and will guide the policymakers to safeguard, prioritized forest areas for effective conservation, scientific protection and climate change mitigation endeavors.

Himalayan forest fire characterization in relation to topography, socio-economy and meteorology parameters in Arunachal Pradesh, India

Firoz Ahmad,Laxmi Goparaju,Abdul Qayum 대한공간정보학회 2018 Spatial Information Research Vol.26 No.3

Monitoring and management of forest fire is imperative in India where 50% of forest cover is prone to the fire. The study aims for applying the geospatial technology towards forest fire characterization and evaluation of relationship with meteorological thematic layers. Spatial analysis of forest fires in the state of Arunachal Pradesh was carried out based upon the decadal (2008–2016) forest fire count datasets, which was assessed for spatial variability over the known Himalayan biodiversity hotspot in diverse geographical and socio-economic gradients. Result suggested that Kameng districts had maximum fire incidences (25.2%) whereas it has 15.2% of state forest, established the districts as ‘forest fire hotspot’ in the state. Maximum number of incidences (88%) occurred in areas of low elevation (\1500 m). There was high correlation with socio-economy where 42.3% forest fire points falls in high poverty index areas and 73% of fire incidences in the areas having population density 6–50. All districts showed high fire incidences, therefore an urgent intervention is greatly required by the policy makers towards conservation and management of forest fire prevention and control by adopting focused intervention, strategic allocation of limited resources in potent areas in order to safeguard Himalayan region of highest biodiversity.

Geospatial understanding of climate parameters within watershed boundaries of India

Firoz Ahmad,Laxmi Goparaju 대한공간정보학회 2020 Spatial Information Research Vol.28 No.6

We have analyzed the geospatial datasets such as precipitation, runoff, soil moisture, aridity, soil degradation, and future (2050) climate of India and investigated the spatial distribution pattern at the watershed level. Furthermore, we have investigated the long-term TerraClimate present decadal (2006–2015) trend with 20 years back decadal (1976–1985) data for evaluating temporal change in precipitation, runoff, and soil moisture at the watershed level of India. The long term decadal precipitations, as well as soil moisture deficit trend, are found very significant in the watersheds of the Ganga and Brahmaputra basin. The decadal runoff increase (%), when compared with 20 years back decadal runoff showed a high percent ([50%) increase in the majority of Sabarmati river basin in Gujarat state of India. The three villages Milkipur, Bikapur, and Bantikalan (Faizabad district of Uttar Pradesh) have shown a maximum reduction of soil moisture. The analysis of predicted (2050) temperature and precipitation anomaly showed the precipitation deficit in the majority of watersheds of Indus river basin and their subbasin. Similarly, the temperature increase in the year 2050 is found very significant in almost all watersheds of India with a range of 0.8 to 1.9 』C but it is more crucial for some of the northern parts of Indus river basin and Brahmaputra basin. Such analysis highlights the need for an adequate management plan with robust soil and water conservation at a watershed level for achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs).

Analysis of forest health and socioeconomic dimension in climate change scenario and its future impacts: remote sensing and GIS approach

Firoz Ahmad,Md Meraj Uddin,Laxmi Goparaju 대한공간정보학회 2019 Spatial Information Research Vol.27 No.4

The present study examined the relationship among various diversified datasets using remote sensing and GIS. About 72% of the total forest area of Chhattisgarh state (59,935 km2) has shown a trend of negative change between the periods (1982 and 2006). Around 50% of the total forest fires of the state were found in the two tehsils of Narayanpur and Bijapur with two major forest fire hotspots. Approximately 86% of the total forest fire event of the state occurred in the category of ‘‘tropical mixed deciduous and dry deciduous forests’’ whereas the intensity of forest fire events was found 2.2 times in the category ‘‘tropical lowland forests, broadleaved, evergreen,\ 1000 m’’ when it was compared with the category of ‘‘tropical mixed deciduous and dry deciduous forests.’’ The highest poverty percent was found in the tehsil of Bijapur (65.9%) which retains a significantly high percentage of the tribal population (73.1%). The adaptive capacity of Raipur tehsil (state capital) is high whereas it reduces significantly towards north and south from the state capital. The climate anomaly data evaluation for the year 2030 showed variation such as reduction in rainfall and increase in temperature will significantly maneuver the forest fire regime in future is a matter of serious concern. The outcomes of the present study would certainly guide the policymakers of the state of Chhattisgarh to prepare a meaningful, transparent and robust plan for the betterment of people keeping in mind of future climate change impact.

Cancer initiating properties of erythrosine supplemented with sub necrotic dose of diethyl nitrosamine: potential effects on biochemical parameters of liver, Vitamin C and E

Firoz Anwar,Rajbala Singh,Gohar Mushtaq,Abdul Rehman Al-Maliki,Abdullah Sabih,F. A. Al-Abbasi,Aftab Ahmad,Muhammad Afzal,Imran Kazm,Ruqaiyah Kha 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2015 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.11 No.3

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth and third most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Erythrosine, a commonly used coloring agent in tablet preparation was studied for its role when supplemented with sub necrotic dose of DENA (n-diethyl nitrosamine) to induced HCC in Wistar rats. Single dose of chemical carcinogen DENA with intraperitoneal injection (20 mg/kg) administered before Erythrosine at a dose 0.014 mg/kg by p.o, DENA treated rats and alone. Exposure of DENA and Erythrosine alters the levels of Serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGO T), Serum glutamate pyrophosphate transaminase (SGPT), Alkaline phosphate (ALP), Total Bilirubin (TBR), Blood uric acid, urea, lipid profile and Serum alpha-feto protein (AFP) in Wistar rats, with further alteration in intracellular antioxidant enzyme profile Lipid Per oxidation (LPO), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx), Melanoaldehyde (MDA), Glutathione Reductase (GR), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione (GSH), Glutathione- S-Transferase (GST), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) along with Vit. C and Vit. E conc.. Moreover Histopathological examinations of the liver tissue showed marked effect of DENA and Erythrosine exposure on liver structure. The results concluded that Erythrosine used as coloring agent for tablet coating as well as food colorant in India, was found to be an inducer as liver proliferating agent and promoter of HCC.

Effect of temperature on the performance of Cesium formamidinium lead mixed halide perovskite solar cells

Ahmad Vakeel,Alshahrani Thamraa,Balobaid Awatef Salem,Khan Firoz 한국물리학회 2023 Current Applied Physics Vol.53 No.-

For the practical application of the Cesium formamidinium lead mixed halide (FA0.83Cs0⋅17PbI3-xBrx) perovskite solar cells, the impact of the operating temperature (T) on the solar cell performance parameters (Jsc, Voc, fill factor FF, and η) was investigated using SCAPS-1D simulation. The Br content varied from 0.5 to 2.5. The Jsc increased linearly with a rise in T, but on contrary, the Voc decreased linearly. Though the temperature coefficient of Jsc was enhanced with the rise of Br content. The lowest temperature coefficient of Voc was obtained for x = 2.5 for the cell of the two defect layers. The cells with a Br content of 0.5 shows the highest degradation due to Voc loss. The η of the cell without defect and with one defect layer slightly improved with rising the temperature to 400 K. This study suggests that the selection of the absorbing layer enormously depends on environmental conditions.