AN EMPIRICAL STUDY TO EXAMINE CONSUMER BEHAVIOR TOWARDS LUXURY BRANDS IN PAKISTAN

Faryal Salman 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2014 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2014 No.6

The origins of modern Consumerism can be traced back to the eighteenth century, whereby the concept ofconsumer societies began to flourish in the European block (Stearns, 2001).These were the economies that formed the hub of commercial activities, having had an access to the global products. Furthermore, post Second World War culminated into the ‗economy of abundance‘ as has been rightly suggested by Galbraith in his book ‗The affluent society‘, (1958). This affluence was the result of industrialization and technological revolution in United States and other developed countries that led to the mass production of goods and henceforth increased individuals‘standard of living. 21st century witnessed mushrooming growth in branded goods and consumer‘s aspiration to endlessly spend on luxury goods items. Since then there has been a continuous temptation on consumers end to spend extravagantly and acquire prestigious goods to appear more urbane, chic and sophisticated. Consumers choice of luxury brands is also considered as social indicators that also serve as an artifact for the reflection of their status, eminence and position in Society (Power and Hauge, 2008) Consumers incessant desire to spend on high end luxury brands such as Channel, Burberry, Gucci and Rolex have compelled researchers to understand the prime motivators and determinant factors that instigate consumer behavior towards branded goods. This paper seeks to understand the factors that influence consumer‘s selection of luxury brands in Pakistan and specifically those attributes on the basis of which different product categories are selected. The subsequent text reflects on the literature review related to consumer behavior towards conspicuous goods consumption with specific reference to luxury goods market in Asia and Pakistan.

AN EMPIRICAL STUDY TO EXAMINE CONSUMER BEHAVIOR TOWARDS LUXURY BRANDS IN PAKISTAN

Faryal Salman 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2014 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2014 No.7

The origins of modern Consumerism can be traced back to the eighteenth century, whereby the concept ofconsumer societies began to flourish in the European block (Stearns, 2001).These were the economies that formed the hub of commercial activities, having had an access to the global products. Furthermore, post Second World War culminated into the ‗economy of abundance‘ as has been rightly suggested by Galbraith in his book ‗The affluent society‘, (1958). This affluence was the result of industrialization and technological revolution in United States and other developed countries that led to the mass production of goods and henceforth increased individuals‘standard of living. 21st century witnessed mushrooming growth in branded goods and consumer‘s aspiration to endlessly spend on luxury goods items. Since then there has been a continuous temptation on consumers end to spend extravagantly and acquire prestigious goods to appear more urbane, chic and sophisticated. Consumers choice of luxury brands is also considered as social indicators that also serve as an artifact for the reflection of their status, eminence and position in Society (Power and Hauge, 2008) Consumers incessant desire to spend on high end luxury brands such as Channel, Burberry, Gucci and Rolex have compelled researchers to understand the prime motivators and determinant factors that instigate consumer behavior towards branded goods. This paper seeks to understand the factors that influence consumer‘s selection of luxury brands in Pakistan and specifically those attributes on the basis of which different product categories are selected. The subsequent text reflects on the literature review related to consumer behavior towards conspicuous goods consumption with specific reference to luxury goods market in Asia and Pakistan.

Factors Affecting Job Performance: A Case Study of Academic Staff in Pakistan

Fayaz Hussain TUNIO,Amad Nabi AGHA,Faryal SALMAN,Imran ULLAH,Asad NISAR 한국유통과학회 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.5

This study’s fundamental purpose is to examine the personality factors of business school faculty members in job satisfaction and job performance. Results show the significant impact of multicultural faculty members’ job performance in a diverse environment in the Business schools of Karachi. The data is collected through the multi questionnaires from the various teaching, non-teaching staff, and students of private business schools of Karachi in Pakistan. The data has been tested through the Jamovi-by-medmod, and the regression model is to scrutinize and find the effect dependent variables to mediation. Simultaneously, results are calculated by mediation estimates and path estimates through the medmod technic and regression test from data. It provides a comprehensive insight into various factors such as personality traits, self-efficiency, Psychological diversity climate, self-esteem, and human resource management practices. These are the primary evaluated factors that affect multicultural faculty members’ job satisfaction and job performance. However, results show a positive relationship between diversity climate and job performance, which mediates by job satisfaction. Similarly, personality traits show a positive relationship with job performance that mediates by job satisfaction. Correspondingly, self-esteem spectacles are a positive inter-relationship with job performance which is mediated by job satisfaction.

Antimicrobial Management of Complicated Skin and Soft Tissue Infections in an Era of Emerging Multi-Drug Resistance: Perspectives from 5 Gulf Countries

Wadha Alfouzan,Zainab Al-Balushi,Muna Al-Maslamani,Asmaa Al-Rashed,Salman Al-Sabah,Jameela Al-Salman,Mohamed Baguneid,Faryal Khamis,Nervana Habashy,Ayman Kurdi,Christian Eckmann 대한외상중환자외과학회 2021 Journal of Acute Care Surgery Vol.11 No.3

The number of complicated skin and soft tissue infections (cSSTIs) in the Arabian Gulf region has risen in recent years, particularly those caused by multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens. The high prevalence of diabetes, obesity, and associated cardio-metabolic comorbidities in the region renders medical and surgical management of cSSTI patients with MDR infections challenging. An experienced panel of international and regional cSSTI experts (consensus group on cSSTIs) was convened to discuss clinical considerations for MDR infections from societal, antimicrobial stewardship, and cost perspectives, to develop best practice recommendations. This article discusses antibiotic therapies suitable for treating MDR cSSTIs in patients from the Gulf region and recommends that these should be tailored according to the local bacterial ecology by country and region. The article highlights the need for a comprehensive patient treatment pathway and defined roles of each of the multidisciplinary teams involved with managing patients with MDR cSSTIs. Aligned and inclusive definitions of cSSTIs for clinical and research purposes, thorough and updated epidemiological data on cSSTIs and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the region, clearcut indications of novel agents and comprehensive assessment of comparative data should be factored into decision-making are necessary. The number of complicated skin and soft tissue infections (cSSTIs) in the Arabian Gulf region has risen in recent years, particularly those caused by multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens. The high prevalence of diabetes, obesity, and associated cardio-metabolic comorbidities in the region renders medical and surgical management of cSSTI patients with MDR infections challenging. An experienced panel of international and regional cSSTI experts (consensus group on cSSTIs) was convened to discuss clinical considerations for MDR infections from societal, antimicrobial stewardship, and cost perspectives, to develop best practice recommendations. This article discusses antibiotic therapies suitable for treating MDR cSSTIs in patients from the Gulf region and recommends that these should be tailored according to the local bacterial ecology by country and region. The article highlights the need for a comprehensive patient treatment pathway and defined roles of each of the multidisciplinary teams involved with managing patients with MDR cSSTIs. Aligned and inclusive definitions of cSSTIs for clinical and research purposes, thorough and updated epidemiological data on cSSTIs and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the region, clear-cut indications of novel agents and comprehensive assessment of comparative data should be factored into decision-making are necessary.