Performance and Spatial Succession of a Full-Scale Anaerobic Plant Treating High-Concentration Cassava Bioethanol Wastewater

( Gao Rui Fang ),( Xu Feng Yuan ),( Jia Jia Li ),( Xiao Fen Wang ),( Xu Cheng ),( Wan Bin Zhu ),( Zong Jun Cui ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.8

A novel two-phase anaerobic treatment technology was developed to treat high-concentration organic cassava bioethanol wastewater. The start-up process and contribution of organics (COD, total nitrogen, and NH4+-N) removal in spatial succession of the whole process and spatial microbial diversity changing when sampling were analyzed. The results of the start-up phase showed that the organic loading rate could reach up to 10 kg COD/m3d, with the COD removal rate remaining over 90% after 25 days. The sample results indicated that the contribution of COD removal in the pre-anaerobic and anaerobic phases was 40% and 60%, respectively, with the highest efficiency of 98.5%; TN and NH4+-N had decreased to 0.05 g/l and 0.90 g/l, respectively, and the mineralization rate of total nitrogen was 94.8%, 76.56% of which was attributed to the anaerobic part. The microbial diversity changed remarkably among different sample points depending on the physiological characteristics of identified strains. Moraxellaceae, Planococcaceae, and Prevotellaceae were dominant in the pre-anaerobic phase and Bacteroidetes, Campylobacterales, Acinetobacter, Lactobacillus, Clostridium, and Bacillus for the anaerobic phase. Methanosarcinaceae and Methanosaeta were the two main phylotypes in the anaerobic reactor.

Disturbance Rejection in Singular Time-delay Systems with External Disturbances

Fang Gao,Wenbin Chen 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.6

This paper considers an active disturbance rejection problem of a singular time-delay system with unknown external disturbances. By using an equivalent-input-disturbance (EID) technique, an EID estimation is developed to compensate the adverse effect of external disturbance on the system. Moreover, a new criterion for admissible of singular time-delay system is obtained in term of strict linear matrix inequality without equality constraint. And on this basis, a sufficient condition is acquired to pledge the EID-based singular time-delay control system to be admissible. Accordingly, state feedback control gain is obtained via the sufficient condition. Two numerical examples are carried out to demonstrate the feasibility and the validity of our method.

THE INVARIANCE PRINCIPLE FOR RANDOM SUMS OF A DOUBLE RANDOM SEQUENCE

Gao, Zhenlong,Fang, Liang Korean Mathematical Society 2013 대한수학회보 Vol.50 No.5

In this paper, we extend Donsker's invariance principle to the case of random partial sums processes based on a double sequence of row-wise i.i.d. random variables.

Association Between the Pre-mir-218 Polymorphism and Cancer Risk in the Chinese Population: a Meta-Analysis

Gao, Yue,Liu, Yan,Liu, Ge-Li,Ran, Long-Ke,Zeng, Fan,Wu, Jia-Yan,Song, Fang-Zhou Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.6

Background: Several recent studies have explored associations between pre-mir-218 polymorphism (rs11134527) and cancer risk. However, published data are still inconclusive. To obtain a more precise estimation of the relationship in the Chinese population, we carried out a meta-analysis for the first time. Materials and Methods: Through retrieval from the PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science databases, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and the Chinese BioMedical Literature Database, a total of four studies were analyzed with 3,561 cases and 3,628 controls for SNP pre-mir-218 rs11134527. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) to explore the strength of associations. Results: The results showed that the rs11134527 polymorphism was associated with decreased cancer risk in GG versus AA and GG versus AA+AG models tested ( GG vs AA: OR=0.82, 95%CI: 0.71-0.94; GG vs AA+AG: OR=0.84, 95%CI: 0.74-0.96), and significantly decreased cervical cancer risk was observed in GG versus AA and GG versus AA+AG models (GG vs AA: OR=0.79, 95%CI: 0.66-0.94; GG vs AA+AG: OR=0.80, 95%CI: 0.68-0.94). However, no significant association between the rs11134527polymorphism and hepatocellular carcinoma risk was observed in all comparison models tested (AG vs AA: OR=0.94, 95%CI: 0.79-1.11; GG vs AA: OR=0.88, 95%CI: 0.70-1.10; GG+AG vs AA: OR=0.92, 95%CI: 0.79-1.08; GG vs AA+AG: OR=0.91, 95%CI: 0.75-1.11). Conclusion: The findings suggest that pre-miR-218 rs11134527 polymorphism may have some relation to cancer development in Chinese. However, well-designed studies with larger sample size and more detailed data are needed to confirm these conclusions.

Lycium barbarum Polysaccharide Extracted from Lycium barbarum Leaves Ameliorates Asthma in Mice by Reducing Inflammation and Modulating Gut Microbiota

Fang Cui,Chun-li Shi,Xiao-jing Zhou,Wang Wen,Xiao-ping Gao,Li-ying Wang,Bin He,Mei Yin,Jia-qing Zhao 한국식품영양과학회 2020 Journal of medicinal food Vol.23 No.7

This study was designed to explore the impact of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) on inflammation and gut microbiota in mice with allergic asthma. Mice were divided into four groups: control group, OVA (ovalbumin) group, Con+LBP group, OVA+LBP group. After 28 days of LBP intervention, mice were euthanized and associated indications were investigated. Histopathological examination demonstrated that LBP reduced lung injury. The results of our current study provide evidence that supplementation with LBP in asthmatic mice decreases TNF, IL-4, IL-6, MCP-1, and IL-17A in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Sequencing and analysis of gut microbiota indicated that compared with the OVA group, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were increased, but Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Alistipes, and Clostridiales were decreased in the OVA+LBP group. We also found that gut microbiota were related to inflammation-related factors. Therefore, we speculate that LBP may improve allergic asthma by altering gut microbiota and inhibiting inflammation in mice.

Systematic discovery of uncharacterized transcription factors in <i>Escherichia coli</i> K-12 MG1655

Gao, Ye,Yurkovich, James T,Seo, Sang Woo,Kabimoldayev, Ilyas,Drä,ger, Andreas,Chen, Ke,Sastry, Anand V,Fang, Xin,Mih, Nathan,Yang, Laurence,Eichner, Johannes,Cho, Byung-Kwan,Kim, Donghyuk,Palsson, Oxford University Press 2018 Nucleic acids research Vol.46 No.20

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Transcriptional regulation enables cells to respond to environmental changes. Of the estimated 304 candidate transcription factors (TFs) in <I>Escherichia coli</I> K-12 MG1655, 185 have been experimentally identified, but ChIP methods have been used to fully characterize only a few dozen. Identifying these remaining TFs is key to improving our knowledge of the <I>E. coli</I> transcriptional regulatory network (TRN). Here, we developed an integrated workflow for the computational prediction and comprehensive experimental validation of TFs using a suite of genome-wide experiments. We applied this workflow to (i) identify 16 candidate TFs from over a hundred uncharacterized genes; (ii) capture a total of 255 DNA binding peaks for ten candidate TFs resulting in six high-confidence binding motifs; (iii) reconstruct the regulons of these ten TFs by determining gene expression changes upon deletion of each TF and (iv) identify the regulatory roles of three TFs (YiaJ, YdcI, and YeiE) as regulators of <SMALL>L</SMALL>-ascorbate utilization, proton transfer and acetate metabolism, and iron homeostasis under iron-limited conditions, respectively. Together, these results demonstrate how this workflow can be used to discover, characterize, and elucidate regulatory functions of uncharacterized TFs in parallel.</P>

Government–Business Relations and Corporate Cash Holdings: Evidence from China

Gao Yu,Cai Yan,Teng Zhuoqi,Fang Yuantao 한국증권학회 2022 Asia-Pacific Journal of Financial Studies Vol.51 No.6

This study employs data of Chinese firms between 2017–2019 to explore how government–business relations affect corporate cash holdings. We find that healthy government– business relations have a significantly positive impact on corporate cash holdings. The mechanism test 2 reveals that the former affects the latter through the channel of investment opportunities. Furthermore, product market competition positively moderates the relationship between government–business relations and corporate cash holdings, but financial constraints negatively moderate this relationship.The results of our research have implications for the government to optimize the quality of governance and for enterprises to adjust their business strategies

Disturbance Observer-based Nonsingular Fast Terminal Sliding Mode Fault Tolerant Control of a Quadrotor UAV with External Disturbances and Actuator Faults

Fang Wang,Zhigang Ma,Hongmei Gao,Chao Zhou,Changchun Hua 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.4

This paper addresses a nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode fault tolerant control (NFTSMFTC) scheme based on disturbance observer (DO) for a quadrotor UAV in the presence of external disturbances and actuator additive faults. Firstly, by analyzing the dynamic characteristics of a quadrotor UAV, the model is decoupled into outer-loop (position subsystem) and inner-loop (attitude subsystem). Secondly, the DO is utilized to deal with external disturbances and actuator additive faults effectively. Furthermore, nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode control (NFTSMC) can avoid the chattering problems of traditional sliding mode control (SMC) and singularity problems of terminal SMC. Moreover, compared with nonsingular terminal SMC, it behaves the faster convergence rate. So the NFTSMC method is applied to design controller. Finally, in the framework of Lyapunov theory, the stability of the closed-loop system is analyzed, and the tracking error is asymptotically stable. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is verified by simulation results.

ALEX1 Regulates Proliferation and Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells

Gao, Yue,Wu, Jia-Yan,Zeng, Fan,Liu, Ge-Li,Zhang, Han-Tao,Yun, Hong,Song, Fang-Zhou Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.8

Background: Arm protein lost in epithelial cancers, on chromosome X (ALEX) is a novel subgroup within the armadillo (ARM) family, which has one or two ARM repeat domains as opposed to more than six-thirteen repeats in the classical Armadillo family members. Materials and Methods: In the study, we explore the biological functions of ALEX1 in breast cancer cells. Overexpression of ALEX1 and silencing of ALEX1 were performed with SK-BR3 and MCF-7 cell lines. Cell proliferation and colony formation assays, along with flow cytometry, were carried out to evaluate the roles of ALEX1. Results: ALEX1 overexpression in SK-BR3 breast cancer cells inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis. Furthermore, depletion of ALEX1 in MCF-7 breast cancer cells increased proliferation and inhibited apoptosis. Additional analyses demonstrated that the overexpression of ALEX1 activated the intrinsic apoptosis cascades through up-regulating the expression of Bax, cytosol cytochrome c, active caspase-9 and active caspase-3 and down-regulating the levels of Bcl-2 and mitochondria cytochrome c. Simultaneouly, silencing of ALEX1 inhibited intrinsic apoptosis cascades through down-regulating the expression of Bax, cytosol cytochrome c, active caspase-9, and active caspase-3 and up-regulating the level of Bcl-2 and mitochondria cytochrome c. Conclusions: Our data suggest that ALEX1 as a crucial tumor suppressor gene has been involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis in breast cancer, which may serve as a novel candidate therapeutic target.

Pre-operative Predictive Factors for Intra-operative Pathological Lymph Node Metastasis in Rectal Cancers

Gao, Chun,Li, Jing-Tao,Fang, Long,Wen, Si-Wei,Zhang, Lei,Zhao, Hong-Chuan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.11

Background: A number of clinicopathologic factors have been found to be associated with pathological lymph node metastasis (pLNM) in rectal cancer; however, most of them can only be identified by expensive high resolution imaging or obtained after surgical treatment. Just like the Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) and the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores which have been widely used in clinical practice, our study was designed to assess the pre-operative factors which could be obtained easily to predict intra-operative pLNM in rectal cancer. Methods: A cohort of 469 patients who were treated at our hospital in the period from January 2003 to June 2011, and with a pathologically hospital discharge diagnosis of rectal cancer, were included. Clinical, laboratory and pathologic parameters were analyzed. A multivariate unconditional logistic regression model, areas under the curve (AUC), the Kaplan-Meier method (log-rank test) and the Cox regression model were used. Results: Of the 469 patients, 231 were diagnosed with pLNM (49.3%). Four variables were associated with pLNM by multivariate logistic analysis, age<60 yr (OR=1.819; 95% CI, 1.231-2.687; P=0.003), presence of abdominal pain or discomfort (OR=1.637; 95% CI, 1.052-2.547; P=0.029), absence of allergic history (OR=1.879; 95% CI, 1.041-3.392; P=0.036), and direct $bilirubin{\geq}2.60{\mu}mol/L$ (OR=1.540; 95% CI, 1.054-2.250; P=0.026). The combination of all 4 variables had the highest sensitivity (98.7%) for diagnostic performance. In addition, age<60 yr and direct $bilirubin{\geq}2.60{\mu}mol/L$ were found to be associated with prognosis. Conclusion: Age, abdominal pain or discomfort, allergic history and direct bilirubin were associated with pLNM, which may be helpful for preoperative selection.