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Effects of Different Blade Numbers on Radial Exciting Force of Lobe Pump Rotor
Yibin Li,Dongsheng Guo,Zhaojing Fan,Jun Du 한국유체기계학회 2020 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.13 No.2
In order to clarify the relationship between different blade numbers and radial exciting force of the rotary lobe pump rotor, five rotary lobe pumps with different blade numbers were researched based on the dynamic mesh techniques using RNG k-ε turbulence model and PISO algorithm. The internal flow characteristics in the pump are compared and the influence mechanism of the different blade numbers on the transient flow structure and the exciting force inside the rotor cavity are revealed. Meanwhile, through numerical simulation and experimental verification, the comparative analysis of numerical prediction shows that the relative error is less than 5.6%, and the numerical simulation has higher accuracy. The results show that the number of blade has a significant effect on the flow characteristics and radial exciting force distribution of rotor cavity of the rotary lobe pump. With the increase of the number of blades, the average flow rate and the flow pulsation amplitude of the flow rate at the outlet of the pump are obviously decreased, which effectively inhibits the secondary flow, vortex and the velocity abrupt change between the rotor gaps region of the rotor cavity. The maximum radial exciting force at 6 blade numbers is less 36% than that at 4 blade numbers. A multistage series transition cavity is formed between the high-pressure cavity and the low-pressure cavity when the blades number of 5 and 6 which can effectively reduce the pressure difference between the two sides of the radial gaps. It can reduce the radial leakage, and effectively suppress the instantaneous pressure relief effect caused by the instantaneous opening of the gaps.
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Cheng Jie,Wei Fan,Zhang Mingfei,Li Nan,Song Tianqi,Wang Yong,Chen Dongsheng,Xiang Jishan,Zhang Xiaoke 한국유전학회 2021 Genes & Genomics Vol.43 No.9
Background Cloning and characterizing the drought-inducible promoters is essential for their use in crop resistance’s genetic improvement. Previous studies have shown that the TaNRX1-D gene participates in regulating the response of wheat to drought stress. However, its promoter has not yet been identifed. Objective In this study, we aimed to characterize the promoter of the TaNRX1-D gene. Methods The promoter of TaNRX1-D (named P0, 2081 bp) was isolated from common wheat with several cis-acting elements that regulate in response to abiotic stresses and some core cis-acting elements. Functional verifcation of the promoter, eight 5′-deletion fragments of TaNRX1-D promoter, was fused to the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene P0::GUS~P7::GUS and transformed into Arabidopsis, respectively. Agrobacterium-mediated GUS transient assay the P6a and P6b promoter regions in tobacco leaves under normal, osmotic or ABA stress. Results Activity analysis of the full-length promoter (P0) showed that the intensity of stronger β-glucuronidase (GUS) staining in the roots and leaves was obtained during the growth of transgenic Arabidopsis. P0::GUS displayed the GUS activity was much higher in the roots and leaves than in other parts of the transgenic plant under normal conditions, which was similarly within wheat. Analysis of the 5′-deletion fragments revealed that P0::GUS~P6::GUS responded well upon exposure to osmotic (polyethylene glycol-6000, PEG6000) and abscisic acid (ABA) stress treatments and expressed signifcantly higher GUS activity than the CaMV35S promoter (35S::GUS), while P7::GUS did not. GUS transient assay in tobacco leaves showed that the GUS activities of P6a and P6b were lower than P6 in the PEG6000 and ABA stresses. Conclusion The 193 bp (P6) segment was considered the core region of TaNRX1-D responding to PEG6000 or ABA treatment. GUS activity assay in transgenic Arabidopsis showed that this segment was sufcient for the PEG6000 or ABA stress response. The identifed 193 bp promoter of TaNRX1-D in this study will help breed osmotic or ABA tolerant crops. The 36 bp segment between P6 and P6b (−193 to −157 bp) was considered the critical sequence for the TaNRX1-D gene responding to PEG6000 or ABA treatment.
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Discontinuation Rate of Newly Prescribed Donepezil in Alzheimer's Disease Patients in Asia
박기형,양영순,Chen Christopher,심용수,Domingueze Jacqueline C.,이찬녕,강경훈,김희진,정슬기,정지향,Hong Zhen,윤수진,Zhang Zhen-Xin,김은주,장재원,Li Yansheng,Xu Yun,Lin Yu-Te,Qu Qiumin,Hu Chaur-Jong,Chou Chih-Ho,Fan Dongsheng,Kandiah N 대한신경과학회 2021 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.17 No.3
Background and Purpose The rate of donepezil discontinuation and the underlying reasons for discontinuation in Asian patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are currently unknown. We aimed to determine the treatment discontinuation rates in AD patients who had newly been prescribed donepezil in routine clinical practice in Asia. Methods This 1-year observational study involved 38 institutions in seven Asian countries, and it evaluated 398 participants aged 50–90 years with a diagnosis of probable AD and on newly prescribed donepezil monotherapy. The primary endpoint was the rate of donepezil discontinuation over 1 year. Secondary endpoints included the reason for discontinuation, treatment duration, changes in cognitive function over the 1-year study period, and compliance as assessed using a clinician rating scale (CRS) and visual analog scale (VAS). Results Donepezil was discontinued in 83 (20.9%) patients, most commonly due to an adverse event (43.4%). The mean treatment duration was 103.67 days in patients who discontinued. Among patients whose cognitive function was assessed at baseline and 1 year, there were no significant changes in scores on the Mini-Mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and Trail-Making Test–Black and White scores, whereas the Clinical Dementia Rating score increased significantly (p<0.001). Treatment compliance at 1 year was 96.8% (306/316) on the CRS and 92.6±14.1% (mean±standard deviation) on the VAS. Conclusions In patients on newly prescribed donepezil, the primary reason for discontinuation was an adverse event. Cognitive assessments revealed no significant worsening at 1 year, indicating that continuous donepezil treatment contributes to the maintenance of cognitive function.
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