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Uses of Smartphone Apps for English Listening Practice
( Eunjee Jang ),( Jie Young Kim ) 글로벌영어교육학회(구 호남영어교육학회) 2015 Studies in English education Vol.20 No.1
With the advent of mobile assisted language learning, learning (MALL), learning is taking place anytime, anywhere, and its informal and personal aspects are receiving attention in academic circles. This qualitative study explored the personalized language learning experiences of learners who used smartphones for daily listening practice. Particularly, we focused on how learners engage in English listening practice and what listening strategies they use. Fifteen Korean university students participated in MALL activities with a variety of apps. Focus group interviews were conducted with five students to understand how students used smartphone apps for listening practice. The analysis of qualitative data indicated that the mobility of smartphones helped the students fully utilize the flexibility of time and place. Although the issue of partial attention was brought up regarding the process of learning, we looked at the possibility of learning as a habitual practice. The other significant finding is that students were very keen to authenticity, and this influenced their choice of listening apps. Finally, the students enjoyed extensive practice in listening, but passively used listening strategies.
Eunjee Lee,Yu-Jin Jee,Jaewoong Jung,Mu Hang Lee,Sung ok Hong 대한구강악안면외과학회 2023 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.49 No.5
Objectives: Patients undergoing oral surgery exhibit high anxiety, which may elevate their cortisol levels and affect postoperative recovery. Overweight patients are often encountered in the dental clinic due to the increasing prevalence of overweight. We aimed to investigate the relationships between preoperatively assessed body mass index (BMI), serum cortisol and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels, and visual analog scale (VAS) scores and preoperative anxiety in patients undergoing mandibular third molar (MM3) extraction and to identify predictors of postoperative complications. Patients and Methods: We analyzed 43 patients (age, 20-42 years) undergoing MM3 extraction. At the first visit, patients completed the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) and Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS) questionnaires. Their BMI and VAS scores were also calculated. The participants underwent blood tests 1 hour before MM3 extraction. On the first postoperative day, the participants’ VAS scores and serum hs-CRP levels were reevaluated. Results: We found that BMI was significantly correlated with preoperative VAS scores. Further, BMI and preoperative hs-CRP levels were significantly correlated among women and patients undergoing extractions of fully impacted MM3s. No correlations were found between serum cortisol and other variables. The preoperative MDAS and VAS scores were significantly positively correlated, especially among patients undergoing extractions of fully impacted MM3s. Multiple linear regression showed that BMI and the eruption status of the MM3 were significant predictors of postoperative hs- CRP levels and VAS scores, respectively. Conclusion: In MM3 removals, patients with higher BMI showed elevated hs-CRP and higher VAS scores before surgery. Patients with higher anxiety among those undergoing extractions of fully impacted MM3s showed higher preoperative VAS scores. The two main predictors of postoperative complications were BMI and MM3 eruption status.
Eunjee Lee,Soo-Yeon Shin 대한치과보철학회 2017 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.9 No.1
PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to compare the retention of mini implant overdenture by the number, the type of magnetic attachment, and the directions of applied dislodging force. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The experimental groups were designed by the number and type of magnetic attachment. Twenty samples were tested with Magden implants. Each attachment was composed of the magnet assembly in overdenture sample and the abutment keeper in a mandibular model. Dislodging forces were applied to the overdenture samples (50.0 mm/min) in 3 directions. The loading was repeated 10 times in each direction. The values of dislodging force were analyzed statistically using SPSS at 95% level of confidence. RESULTS. The retentive force of group 2 was greater than that of group 1 in both types of attachment in every direction (P < .05). Oblique retentive force of flat type magnetic attachment was higher than that of cushion type attachment in both groups (P < .05). In group 1, oblique retentive force showed the highest and anterior-posterior retentive force showed the lowest value in both attachment types (P < .05). In group 2, both types of attachment showed the lowest retentive force with anteriorposterior direction of dislodging force (P <.05). CONCLUSION. Proper retentive properties for implant overdenture were obtained, regardless of the number and type of magnetic attachment. In both types of magnetic attachment, the greater retentive force was attained with more implants. Oblique retentive force of flat type magnetic attachment was greater than that of cushion type. Among all subgroups, anterior-posterior retentive force was the lowest among three different directions of dislodging force.
Bayesian bi-level variable selection for genome-wide survival study
Eunjee Lee,Joseph G. Ibrahim,Hongtu Zhu Korea Genome Organization 2023 Genomics & informatics Vol.21 No.3
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a clinical syndrome characterized by the onset and evolution of cognitive impairments, often considered a transitional stage to Alzheimer's disease (AD). The genetic traits of MCI patients who experience a rapid progression to AD can enhance early diagnosis capabilities and facilitate drug discovery for AD. While a genome-wide association study (GWAS) is a standard tool for identifying single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to a disease, it fails to detect SNPs with small effect sizes due to stringent control for multiple testing. Additionally, the method does not consider the group structures of SNPs, such as genes or linkage disequilibrium blocks, which can provide valuable insights into the genetic architecture. To address the limitations, we propose a Bayesian bi-level variable selection method that detects SNPs associated with time of conversion from MCI to AD. Our approach integrates group inclusion indicators into an accelerated failure time model to identify important SNP groups. Additionally, we employ data augmentation techniques to impute censored time values using a predictive posterior. We adapt Dirichlet-Laplace shrinkage priors to incorporate the group structure for SNP-level variable selection. In the simulation study, our method outperformed other competing methods regarding variable selection. The analysis of Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data revealed several genes directly or indirectly related to AD, whereas a classical GWAS did not identify any significant SNPs.
Different Expressions of eNOS and AQP4 after Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rat: In Vasogenic Edema
Eunjee Park1 and Yongwook Jung 대한해부학회 2008 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.41 No.1
Brain edema, the infiltration and accumulation of excess fluid causing an increase in brain tissue volume, often leads to a rise in intracranial pressure (ICP) and is a key contributor to the morbidity and mortality associated with brain injury. We examined the mechanisms for vasogenic brain edema produced by focal cerebral ischemia. To test the mechanisms underlying vasogenic brain edema, we compared the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and aquaporin-4 (AQP4) in the penumbra of brain tissues after focal cerebral ischemia. The expression of eNOS and AQP4 in the ischemic penumbra was determined by quantitative immunoblot analysis. In focal cerebral ischemia, eNOS expression increased significantly to 129%±6% of the value for sham-operated controls (n=4, P⁄0.01). In contrast, AQP4 expression decreased significantly to 52%±3% of the value for shamoperated controls (n=4, P⁄0.01). These findings suggest that the expression of eNOS and AQP4 in the focal cerebral ischemia may play different roles in the formation of vasogenic brain edema. Additionally, a larger decrease in the neuronal nuclei (NeuN) (39%±7% of the value in sham-operated controls; n=4, P⁄0.01) than the decrease in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) (53%±14% of sham-operated controls; n=4, P⁄0.01) in the penumbra after focal cerebral ischemia suggests that the neurons are more susceptible to ischemic injury than are the astrocytes.