Role of Glucocorticoids in Fasting-induced Changes in Hypothalamic and Pituitary Components of the Growth Hormone (GH)-axis

Eunhee Kim,Sanghee Seo,Hyunju Chung,Seungjoon Park 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2008 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.12 No.5

To directly test if elevated glucocorticoids are required for fasting-induced regulation of growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone (GHRH), GHRH receptors (GHRH-R) and ghrelin receptors (GHS-R) expression, male rats were bilaterally adrenalectomized or sham operated. After 7 days, animals were fed <i>ad libitum </i>or fasted for 48 h. Bilateral adrenalectomy increased hypothalamic GHRH to 146% and decreased neuropeptide Y (NPY) mRNA to 54% of SHAM controls. Pituitary GHRH-R and GHS-R mRNA levels were decreased by adrenalectomy to 30% and 80% of sham-operated controls. In sham- operated rats, fasting suppressed hypothalamic GHRH (49%) and stimulated NPY (166%) mRNA levels, while fasting increased pituitary GHRH-R (391%) and GHS-R (218%) mRNA levels. However, in adrenalectomized rats, fasting failed to alter pituitary GHRH-R mRNA levels, while the fasting-induced suppression of GHRH and elevation of NPY and GHS-R mRNA levels remained intact. In fasted adrenalectomized rats, corticosterone replacement increased GHRH-R mRNA levels and intensified the fasting-induced decrease in GHRH, but did not alter NPY or GHS-R response. These data suggest that elevated glucocorticoids mediate the effects of fasting on hypothalamic GHRH and pituitary GHRH-R expression, while glucocorticoids are likely not the major determinant in fasting-induced increases in hypothalamic NPY and pituitary GHS-R expression.

Ghrelin inhibits apoptosis in hypothalamic neuronal cells during oxygen-glucose deprivation.

Chung, Hyunju,Kim, Eunhee,Lee, Dae Hee,Seo, Sanghee,Ju, Sunghee,Lee, Dahm,Kim, Hocheol,Park, Seungjoon Association for the Study of Internal Secretions 2007 Endocrinology Vol.148 No.1

<P>Ghrelin is an endogenous ligand for the GH secretagogue receptor, produced and secreted mainly from the stomach. Ghrelin stimulates GH release and induces positive energy balances. Previous studies have reported that ghrelin inhibits apoptosis in several cell types, but its antiapoptotic effect in neuronal cells is unknown. Therefore, we investigated the role of ghrelin in ischemic neuronal injury using primary hypothalamic neurons exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Here we report that treatment of hypothalamic neurons with ghrelin inhibited OGD-induced cell death and apoptosis. Exposure of neurons to ghrelin caused rapid activation of ERK1/2. Ghrelin-induced activation of ERK1/2 and the antiapoptotic effect of ghrelin were blocked by chemical inhibition of MAPK, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase, protein kinase C, and protein kinase A. Ghrelin attenuated OGD-induced activation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase and p-38 but not ERK1/2. We also investigated ghrelin regulation of apoptosis at the mitochondrial level. Ghrelin protected cells from OGD insult by inhibiting reactive oxygen species generation and stabilizing mitochondrial transmembrane potential. In addition, ghrelin-treated cells showed an increased Bcl-2/Bax ratio, prevention of cytochrome c release, and inhibition of caspase-3 activation. Finally, in vivo administration of ghrelin significantly reduced infarct volume in an animal model of ischemia. Our data indicate that ghrelin may act as a survival factor that preserves mitochondrial integrity and inhibits apoptotic pathways.</P>

Detection of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangement in non-small cell lung cancer and related issues in ALK inhibitor therapy: a literature review.

Yi, Eunhee S,Chung, Jin-Haeng,Kulig, Kimary,Kerr, Keith M Adis International 2012 Molecular diagnosis & therapy Vol.16 No.3

<P>Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase, and ALK gene rearrangement (ALK+) is implicated in the oncogenesis of non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs), especially adenocarcinomas. The ALK inhibitor crizotinib was approved in August 2011 by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treating late-stage NSCLCs that are ALK+, with a companion fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) test using the Vysis ALK Break Apart FISH Probe Kit. This review covers pertinent issues in ALK testing, including approaches to select target patients for the test, pros and cons of different detection methods, and mechanisms as well as monitoring of acquired crizotinib resistance in ALK+ NSCLCs.</P>

말기 환자의 존엄요법 개념분석

정복례,오은희,Chung, Bokyae,Oh, Eunhee 한국호스피스완화의료학회 2016 한국호스피스.완화의료학회지 Vol.19 No.3

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 말기 환자에게 이루어지는 존엄요법의 의미와 속성을 파악함으로써 말기 환자 간호의 질적인 향상에 기여할 수 있도록 하기 위함이다. 방법: 개념의 모든 사용을 확인하기 위하여 2014년 8월에서 2014년 12월까지 한국교육학술정보원(http://www.riss.net), 학술연구정보서비스(http://kiss.kstudy.com), 디비피아(http://www.dbpia.co.kr)에서 '존엄', '존엄요법'을 검색어로 국내문헌을 검색하였고, 국외 문헌의 경우 PubMed와 National Digital Science Links (NDSL)에서 'dignity', 'dignity therapy'를 검색어로 문헌을 검색하였다. 총 51개의 문헌을 Walker와 Avant(2005)의 개념분석 방법을 적용하여 분석하였다. 결과: 존엄요법의 선행요인은 말기 환자, 다양한 고통과 괴로움, 존엄한 죽음에 대한 바램이었다. 속성으로는 삶과 죽음의 질 향상, 치료적 대화, 인간의 존엄과 가치존중, 삶과 죽음에 대한 생각 표현, 체계적 과정으로 나타났고, 결과는 자신의 삶에 대한 반추 기회, 고통과 괴로움 감소, 가치와 존엄감 상승, 자신의 삶에 대한 가족과의 공유, 삶과 죽음의 질 향상, 환자와 가족에게 편안함 제공으로 나타났다. 결론: 존엄요법은 삶의 마지막을 경험하는 환자들이 좀 더 편안함을 느낄 수 있게 해 준다. 따라서 호스피스환자 간호 시 그들의 삶과 죽음의 질을 향상시키기 위해 존엄요법의 속성을 활용할 수 있을 것이다. Purpose: Dignity therapy is a very effective intervention to improve the dignity of end-stage patients. A concept analysis by Walker and Avant (2005) was adopted to define, describe, and delimitate the concept of dignity therapy. Methods: Nursing literature in the National Digital Science Links (NDSL) and Medline database were searched for the definitions of "dignity" and "dignity therapy". Definitions, uses, and defining attributes of dignity therapy were identified; model and contrary cases were developed; and antecedents, consequences, and empirical references were determined. Results: Through dignity therapy patients and their families share their stories, and that in turn improves the quality of life and death. Five attributes were identified: higher quality of life and death, therapeutic conversation, respect of human dignity and worth, expressing thoughts about life and death and systematic process. Conclusion: Patients at the end of their lives feel more comfortable about death. Hospice care providers should try to protect dignity of patients in their care. The attributes of the dignity therapy clarified in this study should be applied for terminally ill patients to improve their quality of life and death.

국회도서관 입법정보서비스 개선방안에 관한 연구

정은희,차미경,Chung, EunHee,Cha, Mikyeong 한국비블리아학회 2020 한국비블리아학회지 Vol.31 No.1

본 연구는 의원입법과정에서 발생하는 입법지원조직의 정보요구를 바탕으로 국회도서관 입법정보서비스 개선방안을 제시하기 위한 목적으로 수행되었다. 이를 위하여 입법지원조직 소속 이용자 20명을 심층 인터뷰하였다. 분석결과를 바탕으로 서비스와 시스템 개선방안을 제안하였다. 서비스 개선분야에서는 해외입법사례 정보요구 및 정책정보의 보완에 대한 요구 그리고 홍보가 필요한 부분을 반영하였다. 시스템 개선분야에서는 외국법률정보를 중심으로 법률정보시스템의 서비스인지도를 높이는 방안과 입법지원조직마다 차별화된 정보서비스를 제공할 수 있는 개인화서비스 운영방안을 제안하였다. This study was conducted to suggest the ways of improving legislative information services in the National Assembly Library based on the information needs of the legislative support organization arising from the legislation process done by the National Assembly Members. For the purpose, 20 users of legislative support organizations were interviewed in depth. Based on the analysis of the results, the study suggested the improvement proposals in the areas of services and system. Service improvement reflected the information needs of overseas legislative cases, the need for supplementing policy information, and the areas that need to be promoted Second, in the area of system improvement, it was proposed to raise the service awareness of the legal information system centered on foreign legal information and to operate personalized service that can provide differentiated information services for each legislative support organization.

Metabolic enzyme as a determinant for radiation sensitivity

Hyun Ju Chung,Eunhee Kim,Chul-Koo Cho,Su-Jae Lee,Yun-Sil Lee,Sangwoo Bae 한국방사성폐기물학회 2004 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.2 No.2

Analysis of National Surveillance of Respiratory Pathogen for Children and Adolescents’ Community Acquired Pneumonia

( Eui Jeong Roh ),( Eunhee Chung ),( Jeongyeon Sim ),( Jeeyoung Lee ),( Hyobin Kim ),( Youngmin Ahn ),( Manyong Han ),( Yeonwha An ),( Min Ji Kim ),( Eun Kyoung Kang ),( En Ae Yang ),( Su Jin Lee ),( 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2020 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.128 No.0

Background Respiratory infection in children is a major disease that ranks high in outpatient and inpatient cases. In particular, the causes of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) vary depending on the individual susceptibility, epidemiological characteristics of the community, and season, and it is difficult to obtain samples for microbiological diagnosis. This study analysis that laboratory surveillance network of pathogen for pediatric CAP by linking the national community-based hospital and clinics and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) to identify the distribution trend and prevalence of causative pathogens and to prevent antibiotic resistance of bacterial pathogens. Method The monitoring network was composed of the 28 secondary and tertiary medical institutions based on the national community, and the 24-month prospective study operated a community monitoring network for CAP in children. Results A total of 1023 cases were registered for nasopharyngeal aspirate or sputum in patients with CAP, and 711 cases (69.5%) were isolated by culture, S. aureus 131 cases (12.8%), S. pneumonia 92 cases (9%), H. influenzae 20 cases (2%). PCR of atypical pneumonia revealed 422 cases of M. pneumoniae (41.3%), 5 cases of C. pneumonia (0.5%), and 5 case (0.5%) of B. pertussis. Respiratory virus multiplex PCR test showed positive rates in 65.7%, human rhinovirus 312 (30.5%), RSV(A+B) 212 (20.7%), Adenovirus 123 (12%), Influenza (A+B) 53 (7.8%), CoV (OC43+NL63+229E) 69 (6.7%), HMPV 81 (7.9%), HBoV 51 (5%), PIV (1+2+3+4) 65 (6.4%) and HEV 30 (2.9%) Conclusion It will identify the pathogens that cause respiratory infections, and analyze the current status of antibiotic resistance to provide scientific evidence for management policies of domestic respiratory infection. Also, in preparation for the new epidemic, including COVID19, monitoring of respiratory infections in children and adolescents, especially community pneumonia, has become more important, and research should be continuously conducted in the future. The location and extent of involvement in the medulla were the most important factors associated with the severity of dysphagia after LMI.

가임기 여성의 환경보건 서비스 인식 및 요구도

예신희(Shinhee Ye),하은희(Eunhee Ha),정혜원(Hyewon Chung),정경아(Kyungah Jeong),성연아(Yeon-ah Sung),이혜진(Hyejin Lee),심창선(Changsun Sim),오인보(Inbo Oh) 환경독성보건학회 2014 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2014 No.11

Feasibility Study of Source Position Verification in HDR Brachytherapy Using Scintillating Fiber

Moon, Sun Young,Jeong, EunHee,Lim, Young Kyung,Chung, Weon Kyu,Huh, Hyun Do,Kim, Dong Wook,Yoon, Myonggeun Korean Society of Medical Physics 2016 의학물리 Vol.27 No.4

The position verification of the radiation source utilized in brachytherapy forms a critical factor in determining the therapeutic efficiency. Currently, films are used to verify the source position; however, this method is encumbered by the lengthy time interval required from film scanning to analysis, which makes real-time position verification difficult. In general, the source position accuracy is usually tested in a monthly quality assurance check. In this context, this study investigates the feasibility of the real-time position verification of the radiation source in high dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy with the use of scintillating fibers. To this end, we construct a system consisting of scintillating fibers and a silicon photomultiplier (SiPM), optimize the dosimetric software setup and radiation system characteristics to obtain maximum measurement accuracy, and determine the relative ratio of the measured signals dependent upon the position of the scintillating fiber. According to the dosimetric results based on a treatment plan, in which the dwell time is set at 30 and 60 s at two dwell positions, the number of signals is 31.5 and 83, respectively. In other words, the signal rate roughly doubles in proportion to the dwell time. The source position can also be confirmed at the same time. With further improvements in the spatial resolution and scintillating fiber array, the source position can be verified in real-time in clinical settings with the use of a scintillating fiber-based system.

Role of FLASH in caspase-8-mediated activation of NF-κB: dominant-negative function of FLASH mutant in NF-κB signaling pathway

Jun, Joon-Il,Chung, Chul-Woong,Lee, Ho-June,Pyo, Jong-Ok,Lee, Kee Nyung,Kim, Nam-Soon,Kim, Yong Sung,Yoo, Hyang-Sook,Lee, Tae-Ho,Kim, Eunhee,Jung, Yong-Keun Nature Publishing Group 2005 Oncogene Vol.24 No.4

Caspase-8 is the most receptor-proximal, upstream caspase in the caspase cascade and plays a key role in cell death triggered by various death receptors. Here, we addressed the role of endogenous caspase-8 in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced activation of NF-κB. Direct targeting of caspase-8 with siRNA and antisense (AS) approaches abolished TNF-α-induced activation of NF-κB in NIH3T3, HeLa, and HEK293 cells as determined with luciferase reporter gene and cell fractionation assays. Reconstitution of caspase-8-deficient C33A cells with processing-defective (P/D) mutant of caspase-8 sensitized the cells to TNF-α for NF-κB activation. In contrast to wild-type caspase-8, death effector domain mutant replacing Asp73 with Ala (caspase-8 (D73A)) failed to activate NF-κB and to bind FLICE-associated huge protein (FLASH) in vitro and in vivo. Instead, caspase-8 (D73A) mutant bound to caspase-8 and blocked NF-κB activation triggered by TNF-α and caspase-8. In addition, expression of an NF-κB-activating domain-deletion mutant of FLASH or transfection of FLASH AS oligonucleotides abolished TNF-α and caspase-8, but not phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, -induced activation of NF-κB. Further, immunoprecipitation assays showed that caspase-8 formed triple complex with TRAF2 and FLASH. Taken together, these results suggest that endogenous caspase-8 mediates TNF-α-induced activation of NF-κB via FLASH.Oncogene (2005) 24, 688–696. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1208186 Published online 13 December 2004