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<sup>18</sup>-FDG EXTERNAL RADIATION DOSE RATES IN DIFFERENT BODY REGIONS OF PET-MRI PATIENTS
Han, Eunok,Kim, Ssangtae The Korean Association for Radiation Protection 2013 방사선방어학회지 Vol.38 No.3
To determine the factors affecting the external radiation dose rates of patients undergoing PET-MRI examinations and to assess the trends of these differences, we measured the changes in the dose rates of $^{18}F$-FDG during a set period of time for each body region. Consistent with theoretical predictions, the dose rate decreased over time in patients undergoing PET-MRI examinations. Furthermore, immediately after the $^{18}F$-FDG injection, the dose rate in the chest region was the highest, followed by the abdominal region, the head region, and the foot region. The dose rate decreased drastically as time passed, by 2.47-fold, from $339.23{\pm}74.70mSv\;h^{-1}$ ($6.73{\pm}5.79$ min) at the time point immediately after the $^{18}F$-FDG injection to $102.71{\pm}26.17mSv\;h^{-1}$ ($136.11{\pm}25.64$ min) after the examination. In the foot region, there were no significant changes over time, from $32.05{\pm}20.23mSv\;h^{-1}$ ($6.73{\pm}5.79$ min) at the time point immediately after the $^{18}F$-FDG injection, to $23.89{\pm}9.14mSv\;h^{-1}$ ($136.11{\pm}25.64$ min) after the examination. The dose rate is dependent on the individual characteristics of the patient, and differed depending on the body region and time point. However, the dose rates were higher in patients who had a lower body weight, shorter stature, fewer urinations, lower fluid intake, and history of diabetes mellitus. To decrease radiation exposure, it is difficult or impossible to change factors inherent to the patient, such as sex, age, height, body weight, obesity, and history of diabetes mellitus. However, factors which can be changed, such as the $^{18}F$-FDG dose, fasting time, fluid intake, number of urinations, and contrast agent dose can be controlled to minimize the external radiation exposure of the patient.
Eunok Han,Yoonseok Choi 대한방사선방어학회 2024 방사선방어학회지 Vol.49 No.1
Background: This study aims to analyze radiation safety management and regulatory perceptions, focusing on companies that must report radiation sources. The intent is to reduce the gap between regulation measures and addressing real concerns while improving practical safety management measures and regulations for all stakeholders. Materials and Methods: Radiation safety officers at a total of 244 reporting companies using radiation generators (79.8%) and sealed radioisotopes (15.1%) were surveyed using a questionnaire. Results and Discussion: The perception that regulation is stronger than the actual risk of the radiation source used was 3.47 points (out of 5 points), indicating a score above average. The most important factors and considerations were education and training (48%) as a human factor, safety devices of the radiation source (71.3%) as a hazardous material factor, the use of radiation (50.8%) as an organizational environment, and the radiation effect of nearby facilities (67.2%) as a physical environment. Radiation safety management educational experience (F=5.030, p<0.01), the group with high subjective knowledge (t=6.017, p<0.001), and the group with high objective knowledge (t=1.989, p<0.05) was found to be better at radiation safety management. Conclusion: It is necessary to standardize the educational experience regarding radiation safety management because each staff member has individual differences in educational experience. It is necessary to provide more information on how to solve radiation accidents via educational content. Applying radiation safety regulations based on the factors that significantly affect radiation safety management shown in this survey will help improve safety.
Eunok Han,Jaerok Kim,Yoonseok Choi 한국영양학회 2014 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.8 No.5
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Educational interventions targeted food selection perception, knowledge, attitude, and behavior. Education regarding irradiated food was intended to change food selection behavior specific to it. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: There were 43 elementary students (35.0%), 45 middle school students (36.6%), and 35 high school students (28.5%). The first step was research design. Educational targets were selected and informed consent was obtained in step two. An initial survey was conducted as step three. Step four was a 45 minute-long theoretical educational intervention. Step five concluded with a survey and experiment on food selection behavior. RESULTS: As a result of conducting a 45 minute-long education on the principles, actual state of usage, and pros and cons of irradiated food for elementary, middle, and high-school students in Korea, perception, knowledge, attitude, and behavior regarding the irradiated food was significantly higher after the education than before the education (P < 0.000). CONCLUSIONS: The behavior of irradiated food selection shows high correlation with all variables of perception, knowledge, and attitude, and it is necessary to provide information of each level of change in perception, knowledge, and attitude in order to derive proper behavior change, which is the ultimate goal of the education.
3~4학년군 영어 문자 언어 지도에 관한 초등교사의 인식과 경험 및 관련 요인 탐구
한은옥(Eunok Han),안경자(Kyungja Ahn) 한국영어학회 2023 영어학 Vol.23 No.-
This study aims to investigate Korean elementary school teachers’ perceptions, experiences, and the factors related to teaching written English (reading and writing) for 3rd and 4th graders through a mixed-methods approach. A survey was conducted with 255 elementary school teachers, and in-depth interviews were also conducted with 8 participants. The data were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed. The findings are as follows: (1) Teachers tend to prioritize spoken language over written language in teaching English for 3rd and 4th graders. (2) They reported using textbooks extensively in teaching written English, but they revealed difficulties teaching different levels of students in the classroom. (3) Teachers’ schooling, teacher education, and classroom teaching experiences influenced their perceptions and instructional practices of teaching reading and writing. In particular, the context-dependent and discontinuous nature of elementary teachers’ English instruction and the lack of professional development opportunities hindered teacher development in written language instruction. In order to develop English learners’ literacy skills emphasized in the revised national curriculum, it is necessary to support English teachers in raising their awareness of teaching written language and enhancing their expertise in written English instruction. Further important implications regarding teaching English literacy skills and English teachers’ professional development are discussed.
한지윤(Han, Jiyoon),박은옥(Park, Eunok) 한국농촌의학 지역보건학회 2022 농촌의학·지역보건 Vol.47 No.1
Objectives: The purpose of this research was to explore Fall Risk Home Environment(FRHE) and to investigate the association between FRHE and fall experience among community-dwelling older adults. Methods: The data were collected from 299 older adults using FRHE through observation and interview at home of the participants and were analyzed with SPSS 22.0 applying descriptive statistics, χ2-test, t-test, and logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of fall experience during the past year was 51.5%. ‘No handles beside the toilet or bathtub’(73.2%) was most common FRHE factor, ‘thresholds in your room or kitchen’(68.9%), ‘wearing socks, outer socks, or slipper when you move in the house’(59.5%), and threshold on the gate (apartment entrance)(55.5%) were followed. The findings of logistic regression of FRHE on fall experiences showed darkness of house had the highest Odds Ratio (OR 9.83 95% CI 3.75-25.71), followed by furniture obstructs your walking in the house(OR 7.07, CI 2.88-17.36), dark kitchen (OR 5.13, CI 2.38-11.03). The group having fall experiences presented significantly higher score of FRHE than the group of non experiences of fall. Conclusion: The community dwelling older adults exposures to various FRHE factors and FRHE might increase the risk of falls. Assessing and modifying the home environment could be a good strategy to prevent fall among older adults.