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Changes in Depressive Symptoms in Spouses of Post Myocardial Infarction Patients
Heesook Son,Erika Friedmann,Sue A. Thomas 한국간호과학회 2012 Asian Nursing Research Vol.6 No.4
Purpose: To identify parsimonious models for changes in depression in spouses of post myocardial infarction (MI) patients over 2 years based on the biopsychosocial model. Methods: A total of 442 community living patients who had experienced an MI and their spouses were included for analysis. Patients and spouses completed psychosocial assessments at baseline, 1 year, and 2 years after enrollment in the Patients’ and Families’ Psychological Response to Home Automated External Defibrillator Trial. Linear mixed models were used for testing hypotheses. Results: A total of 15.2% (baseline), 11.5% (1-year follow up), and 8.1% (2-year follow up) of spouses were depressed. Spouse biological factors did not influence changes in depression.Amongall spouses, twogroups of spouses showed increased depression over time: spouses with lower baseline depression scores (p < .001), and spouses of patients who had higher baseline depression scores (p = .001). Among psychologically distressed (anxious or depressed) spouses, three groups of spouses showed increased depression over time: spouses who had lower baseline depression scores (p < .001), spouses who had more social support at baseline (p = .023), and spouses of patientswho had higher baseline depression scores (p < .001). Conclusion: Spouse and patient baseline depression significantly predicted changes in depression for all spouses and psychologically distressed spouses. Among psychologically distressed spouses, higher baseline social support predicted higher depression scores over time. This study is an important step in understanding longitudinal changes in the psychological status of spouses ofMI patients for evaluating the need for interventions. It is crucial that patient couples’ psychosocial factors are continuously assessed. Purpose: To identify parsimonious models for changes in depression in spouses of post myocardial infarction (MI) patients over 2 years based on the biopsychosocial model. Methods: A total of 442 community living patients who had experienced an MI and their spouses were included for analysis. Patients and spouses completed psychosocial assessments at baseline, 1 year, and 2 years after enrollment in the Patients’ and Families’ Psychological Response to Home Automated External Defibrillator Trial. Linear mixed models were used for testing hypotheses. Results: A total of 15.2% (baseline), 11.5% (1-year follow up), and 8.1% (2-year follow up) of spouses were depressed. Spouse biological factors did not influence changes in depression.Amongall spouses, twogroups of spouses showed increased depression over time: spouses with lower baseline depression scores (p < .001), and spouses of patients who had higher baseline depression scores (p = .001). Among psychologically distressed (anxious or depressed) spouses, three groups of spouses showed increased depression over time: spouses who had lower baseline depression scores (p < .001), spouses who had more social support at baseline (p = .023), and spouses of patientswho had higher baseline depression scores (p < .001). Conclusion: Spouse and patient baseline depression significantly predicted changes in depression for all spouses and psychologically distressed spouses. Among psychologically distressed spouses, higher baseline social support predicted higher depression scores over time. This study is an important step in understanding longitudinal changes in the psychological status of spouses ofMI patients for evaluating the need for interventions. It is crucial that patient couples’ psychosocial factors are continuously assessed.
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Kristen E Rawlett,Erika Friedmann,Sue A. Thomas 한국한의학연구원 2019 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.8 No.2
Background: Risky behaviors are related to poor outcomes among young adolescents. This study piloted a mindfulness based intervention, Learning 2 Breath Mindfulness Curriculum, focusing on the feasibility of programming and intervention effects on coping, affect, and trait mindfulness among at-risk adolescents. Further, the mindfulness based intervention was compared to an attention intervention. Methods: Sixth-grade level female students in a boarding school for at-risk youth randomly allocated to either the mindfulness intervention (n = 12) or an attention intervention (n = 11) for six weeks. Outcomes (i.e., primary coping, positive affect, and trait mindfulness) were assessed before and after the interventions. Results: Intervention groups did not differ in demographics or outcomes at baseline. Twenty-two of 23 (95.7%) registered participants attended all of the sessions. Participants completed 86.4% of study tools. Separate repeated measures ANOVAs revealed no significant interactions among group and time for primary coping, positive affect, or mindfulness. However, positive affect did increase [F(1, 17) = 10.675, p = 0.005, partial η2 = 0.39] over time for both groups and there was a slight increase in trait mindfulness over time (although not statistically significant; p = 0.095, partial η2 = 0.155]). Primary coping did not change with time. Conclusion: The mindfulness intervention utilized in the present study exhibited feasibility in this population. Although preliminary, mindfulness based interventions may contribute to positive affect among at-risk youth in a boarding school. Limitations and future directions are discussed.
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