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Dongmug Kang,Min-Seung Myung,Young-Ki Kim,Jong-Eun Kim 대한직업환경의학회 2013 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.25 No.-
Children are considerably more susceptible to enviro006Emental hazards than adults. This study was conducted to investigate whether the first asbestos exposure in childhood increases the risk of asbestos-related cancer including mesothelioma and lung cancer. MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, and Google Scholar were searched to find relevant studies published up to July 2012. Six studies reported the relationship between age, including age during childhood, at the first asbestos exposure and mesothelioma. Among them, 4 indicated that people exposed to asbestos in childhood have a higher risk of mesothelioma than those exposed in adulthood. Meanwhile, the other 2 studies showed that asbestos exposure later in life increases the risk of mesothelioma. The results of the 2 studies including non-occupational early childhood exposure report conflicting results. There were 3 studies regarding the relationship between age at first asbestos exposure and lung cancer. However, none of them reported an association between age at first asbestos exposure and the risk of lung cancer. All studies have limitations including small numbers of subjects, the validity of the standardized mortality ratio, and different age categories at first asbestos exposure. There are only a few studies on the harmful effects of asbestos in children in the literature. Therefore, the effect of asbestos exposure during childhood remains unclear and requires further study.
Dongmug Kang,Youngki Kim,Young-Il Lee,Sangbaek Koh,Inah Kim,Hoonkoo Lee 대한직업환경의학회 2014 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.26 No.-
This article presents the process of workers’ problems with work related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs), the introduction of risk assessments (RA) for their prevention, and the consequences of this process in Korea. In 1997, economic crisis caused a rapid increase of massive layoffs, worker dispatch system introduction, job insecurity, and use of irregular workers resulting in work intensification. Work intensification increased WMSDs, which created massive workers’ compensation collective claims. Workers argued for the reduction of work intensity. The RAs introduced as a consequence of the workers’ struggle is unique in the world. Whereas these RAs were expected to play a pivotal role in WMSDs prevention, they dis not due to workers’ lack of engagement after the compensation struggle. In fact, changes in the compensation judgment system and criteria have resulted in lower compensation approval rates leading to lower workers’ compensation claims. The Korean experience provides insight into WMSDs causes in a globalized world. In such a the globalized world, work intensification as the result of work flexibility could be an international trend.
Dongmug Kang,Youngki Kim,Jongeun Kim,Yongsik Hwang,Byungmann Cho,Taekjong Hong,Byungmok Sung,Yonghwan Lee 대한직업환경의학회 2015 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.27 No.-
Objectives: Effects of aging and leisure time physical activity (LPA) might influence the effect of occupational physical activity (OPA) on risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study was conducted to determine whether OPA affects CVD after controlling the effects of LPA and other risk factors for CVD such as job stress. Methods: Participants were 131 male Korean manual workers. Tests for heart rate variability (HRV) were conducted for five minutes in the morning at work. We defined OPA as the combined concept of relative heart rate ratio (RHR), evaluated using a heart rate monitor. Results: Whereas high OPA was not related to any HRV items in the younger age group, high OPA was associated with an increased number of low-value cases among all HRV items in older workers. Exercise had beneficial effects only in the younger group. After controlling for exercise and other risk factors, the odds ratios of the root-mean square of the difference of successive normal R-R intervals (rMSSD) and high frequency band power (HF) among the older age and high OPA group compared with the younger age and low OPA group were 64.0 and 18.5, respectively. Social support and shift work were independent risk factors in HRV. Conclusions: OPA in aging workers increases CVD risks. This study provides support for the need for protection of aging workers from physical work overload, and indicates the need for further study of optimal limits of OPA.
Reconstruction of the Korean Asbestos Job Exposure Matrix
Kang, Dongmug,Jung, Saemi,Kim, Yun-Ji,Kim, Juyoung,Choi, Sangjun,Kim, Se Yeong,Kim, Youngki Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2021 Safety and health at work Vol.12 No.1
Background: A job-exposure matrix (JEM) is an important surrogate indicator to evaluate past exposure levels. Although a Korean asbestos JEM has been constructed previously, this JEM includes only a few industrial and occupational groups. This study aimed to reconstruct the JEM by integrating the latest organized data to improve its utility. Methods: We used recent Korean standard industry and occupation codes and extracted 36 articles from a systematic literature review to initiate the reconstruction of the previous Korean asbestos JEM. The resulting data consisted of 141 combinations of industrial and occupational groups. Data from the Netherlands's JEM were also reviewed and categorized into 70 industrial and 117 occupational groups by matching with the Korean data. We also utilized Germany's data, which consisted of 10 industrial and 14 occupational groups. Results: The reconstructed Korean asbestos JEM had 141 combinations of industries and occupations. The time periods are from the 1980s to the 2000s in 10-year intervals. Most of the data were distributed between the 1990s and the 2000s. Occupations with high exposure to asbestos included knitting and weaving machine operators, automobile mechanics or assemblers, ship mechanics or assemblers, mineral ore and stone products processing mechanics, and metal casting machine operators or mold makers. Conclusions: The reconstructed Korean asbestos JEM has expanded the type and duration of the occupational groups of the previous JEM and can serve as an important reference tool for evaluating asbestos exposure and designing compensation and prevention policies in Korea.
시계열 교통데이터 기반 고속도로 교통흐름 예측 모델 연구
강동묵(DongMug Kang),이명오(MyungOh Lee),김용현(YongHyun Kim),윤상훈(SangHun Yoon),신대교(DaeKyo Shin),장수현(SooHyun Jang) 대한전자공학회 2021 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.6
There are short sections where congestion often occurs on the highway, such as the exit route of the highway. If traffic flow can be predicted in the future point for these sections, drivers can drive actively and efficiently in consideration of road conditions. In this paper, we propose study on traffic flow prediction based on time series data of highway and average speed is used as traffic flow. In the case of time series data, it is extracted through speed estimation and object detection algorithms from 10 CCTV video installed on Yeongdong highway(Maseong IC ~ Singal JC, 3.4km) in Korea. For traffic flow prediction, we use Conv2D-LSTM model that consider spatio-temporal features. Also, in order to intuitively and efficiently represent the traffic congestion degree of a highway, traffic congestion parameter is proposed. As a result, the prediction model shows performance with an error of 7.08 based on the MAE(Mean Absolute Error), and the speed at the future point can be predicted.
Cancer incidence among male Massachusetts firefighters, 1987–2003
Kang, Dongmug,Davis, Letitia K.,Hunt, Phillip,Kriebel, David Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2008 AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE - Vol.51 No.5
<B>Background</B><P>Firefighters are known to be exposed to recognized or probable carcinogens. Previous studies have found elevated risks of several types of cancers in firefighters.</P><B>Methods</B><P>Standardized morbidity odds ratio (SMORs) were used to evaluate the cancer risk in white, male firefighters compared to police and all other occupations in the Massachusetts Cancer Registry from 1986 to 2003. Firefighters and police were identified by text search of the usual occupation field. All other occupations included cases with identifiable usual occupations not police or firefighter. Control cancers were those not associated with firefighters in previous studies.</P><B>Results</B><P>Risks were moderately elevated among firefighters for colon cancer (SMOR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.04–1.79), and brain cancer (SMOR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.10–3.26). Weaker evidence of increased risk was observed for bladder cancer (SMOR = 1.22, 95% CI: 0.89–1.69), kidney cancer (SMOR = 1.34, 95% CI: 0.90–2.01), and Hodgkin's lymphoma (SMOR = 1.81, 95% CI: 0.72–4.53).</P><B>Conclusions</B><P>These findings are compatible with previous reports, adding to the evidence that firefighters are at increased risk of a number of types of cancer. Am. J. Ind. Med. 51:329–335, 2008. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</P>
Kang, Dongmug,Kim, Youngki,Kim, Jongeun,Hwang, Yongsik,Cho, Byungmann,Hong, Taekjong,Sung, Byungmok,Lee, Yonghwan BioMed Central 2015 Annals of occupational and environmental medicine Vol.27 No.-
<P><B>Objectives</B></P><P>Effects of aging and leisure time physical activity (LPA) might influence the effect of occupational physical activity (OPA) on risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study was conducted to determine whether OPA affects CVD after controlling the effects of LPA and other risk factors for CVD such as job stress.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Participants were 131 male Korean manual workers. Tests for heart rate variability (HRV) were conducted for five minutes in the morning at work. We defined OPA as the combined concept of relative heart rate ratio (RHR), evaluated using a heart rate monitor.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Whereas high OPA was not related to any HRV items in the younger age group, high OPA was associated with an increased number of low-value cases among all HRV items in older workers. Exercise had beneficial effects only in the younger group. After controlling for exercise and other risk factors, the odds ratios of the root-mean square of the difference of successive normal R-R intervals (rMSSD) and high frequency band power (HF) among the older age and high OPA group compared with the younger age and low OPA group were 64.0 and 18.5, respectively. Social support and shift work were independent risk factors in HRV.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>OPA in aging workers increases CVD risks. This study provides support for the need for protection of aging workers from physical work overload, and indicates the need for further study of optimal limits of OPA.</P>