혈우병 소견을 가진 뇌출혈 환자 치험(治驗) 1례(例)

정인태,서병관,이현종,하지영,강미경,홍장무,백용현,박동석,최도영,Jung, In-tae,Seo, Byung-kwan,Lee, Hyun-jong,Ha, Ji-young,Kang, Mi-kyeong,Hong, Jang-moo,Baek, Yong-hyeon,Park, Dong-suk,Choi, Do-young 대한침구의학회 2003 대한침구의학회지 Vol.20 No.4

Objective : Hemophilia, a genetically determined disorder, is characterized by abnormality of the coagulation mechanism due to functional deficiency of a specific factor, namely VIII or IX. In this study, the effect of Dong-Si acupuncture therapy on the cerebral hemorrhage patient with hemophilia was evaluated. Methods : We treated him with acupuncture by stimulating Dong-Si acupuncture point(Yuk Wan) and assessed the effect by using manual dynamic evaluation of MRC(Medical Research Council) and Modified Barthel Index. Results : After treatment, the bleeding tendency was grossly reduced and bleeding lesion was absorbed gradually. And manual dynamic evaluation of the upper extremity increased from 4 grade to 5 grade. Conclusions : This result suggest that Dong-Si acupuncture therapy on the cerebral hemorrhage patient with hemophilia was effective. And futher studies are required to concretely prove the effectiveness of Dong-Si acupuncture therapy for treating hemorrhagic diseases.

사람 적혈구 조혈인자 DA-3585 의 토끼에 대한 단회 및 4주 반복투여 독성시험

조현(Hyeon Cho),김동환(Dong Hwan Kim),강경구(Kyung Koo Kang),백남기(Nam Gi Baik),김원배(Won Bae Kim) 한국응용약물학회 1998 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.6 No.2

DA-3585, a biosynthetic recombinant human erythropoietin has been developed as a treatment for anemia associated with chronic renal failure in Dong-A pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. This study was carried out to assess its acute and subacute toxicities in rabbits. DA-3585 was intravenously administered to rabbits at dose levels of 6250, 12500 or 25000 IU/kg for single dose toxicity study and at dose levels of 100, 500 or 2500 IU/kg/day for 4-week repeated dose toxicity study. In the acute toxicity study, dose up to 25000 IU/kg had no adverse effect on the behavior or body weight gain. Pathological examinations revealed no abnormal gross lesions related to DA-3585. In the subacute toxicity study, all animals survived until termination of treatment. DA-3585 had no influence on clinical signs, food and water intake or on body weight changes. Hematological examination showed increases in the number of RBC, hemoglobin contents and hematocrit values with a dose dependent manner in the animals treated with DA-3585. Histopathological examination revealed erythroid hyperplasia in the bone marrow and extramedullary hematopoiesis in the liver. The changes detected in the hematological and histopathological examination presumably represent exaggerated pharmacological effects of erythropoietin. The NOAEL (no-observed-adverse-effect-level) of DA-3585 was estimated to be 100 IU/kg/ day under this study condition.

심연수 저작물의 서지학적 가치와 활용의 문제

김낙현(金洛炫) ( Kim Nak-hyeon ),유춘동(兪春東) ( Yoo Choon-dong ) 한국어문교육연구회 2021 어문연구(語文硏究) Vol.49 No.4

본고의 목적은 일제강점기 尹東柱와 더불어 대표적인 항일 시인으로 일컬어지는 沈連洙 시인 저작물의 書誌學的 가치와 그 활용의 문제를 논의하는 데 있다. 2000년 7월에 중국 용정에서 발굴된 심연수는 시를 비롯하여 시조, 소설, 수필 등 많은 문학 작품을 남겼다. 심연수가 남긴 문학 사료로는 원고류, 노트와 학습장류, 일기와 수첩류, 편지와 엽서, 도서와 사진, 기타 등으로 구분할 수 있다. 심연수의 자료는 대부분 육필원고로서, 작가의 자취가 고스란히 남아있는 草稿이다. 그가 남긴 이러한 각종 문학 사료는 심연수의 생애를 복원해 볼 수 있는 자료이자, 일제강점기 시인이자 문인으로서의 심연수의 모습을 再構해 볼 수 있는 자료이다. 현재 확인된 근현대문인들의 문학 사료의 경우, 심연수와 같이 다양한 자료, 생애 전반을 재구해 볼 수 있는 자료가 전무한 상황이다. 따라서 심연수의 文學 史料는 상당히 중요한 자료적 가치를 지닌 것으로서, 근현대문학 유산이라는 사실을 인식하고 문화재청의 등록문화재로 등록하여 보존, 관리, 활용할 필요가 있다. 심연수의 사료는 近代登錄文化財 등록을 위한 요건을 모두 갖추고 있기에 등록문화재로 등록할 필요가 있다. 현재 가장 시급하고 중요한 과제는 이미 DB로 구축된 상당수의 심연수 자료를 국가기관과 연계하여 자료를 공개할 필요가 있고, 近現代文獻 正理 및 保存의 관점에서 체계화하며, 차후 등록문화재로의 등록 준비를 하여 자료의 관리 방안과 연구 확대를 위한 노력이다. This paper aims to discuss the bibliographical value of the works of poet Shim Yeon-su, who is said to be a representative anti-Japanese poet along with Yun Dong-ju during the Japanese colonial period, and the problems faced in using his works. Excavated in Yongjeong, China in July 2000, Shim Yeon-su left behind many literary works, including poetry, novels, and essays. Literary materials left by Shim Yeon-su can be I have revised “divided into” to “categorized into” as a word choice revision since manuscripts, notebooks, diaries etc. are categories his work can be classified into. Please check for the intended meaning carefully. categorized into manuscripts, notebooks, study books, diaries, letters and postcards, books and photos, and others. Most of his materials are handwritten manuscripts, drafts in which his traces remain intact. The various literary materials he left behind are works that can reconstruct his life, as well as I have revised “appearance” to “identity” as a word choice revision since appearance only refers to the outward persona, while identity comprises of his thoughts and opinions that he must have produced through his poetry and writing. Kindly check for the intended meaning carefully. his identity as a poet and writer during the Japanese colonial period. I have revised this information heavily for structure, readability, language, grammar, and flow. Kindly check for the intended meaning carefully. In the case of the currently confirmed literary sources of modern and contemporary writers, there is no material available to reconstruct his entire life. Therefore, his literary works have considerable material value, and should be recognized as a modern literary heritage. Since his works meet all the requirements for registration as a modern registered cultural property, it should be registered with the Cultural Heritage Administration. This recognition shall result in its preservation, management, and utilization. The most urgent and important task at present is the disclosure of a considerable volume of deep training data already established as a Do you mean database? Please insert the full form since this is the first mention. DB in connection with national institutions, systematize it from the perspective of organizing and preserving modern and contemporary literature, and prepare for registration as a registered cultural property in the future. This statement is a bit abrupt, since there is no indication of a link to the previous sentence. Please consider providing some context here. It is an effort to manage data and expand research.

수종의 내부연결형 임플란트에서 연결부의 형태에 따른 응력분포의 유한요소 분석

정병현,이경제,강동완 대한치과보철학회 2012 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.50 No.2

Purpose: This study was performed to compare the stress distribution pattern of abutment-fixture connection area using 3-dimensional finite element model analysis when 5 different implant systems which have internal connection. Materials and methods: For the analysis, a finite element model of implant was designed to locate at first molar area. Stress distribution was observed when vertical load of 200 N was applied at several points on the occlusal surfaces of the implants, including center, points 1.5 mm, 3.0 mm away from center and oblique load of 200 N was applied 30º inclined to the implant axis. The finite element model was analyzed by using of 3G. Author (PlassoTech, California, USA). Results: The DAS tech implant (internal step with no taper) showed more favorable stress distribution than other internally connected implants. AS compare to the situations when the loading was applied within the boundary of implants and an oblique loading was applied, it showed higher equivalent stress and equivalent elastic strain when the loading was applied beyond the boundary of implants. Regardless of loading condition, the abutments showed higher equivalent stress and equivalent elastic strain than the fixtures. Conclusion: When the occlusal contact is afforded, the distribution of stress varies depending on the design of connection area and the location of loading. More favorable stress distribution is expected when the contact load was applied within the diameter of fixtures and the DAS tech implant (internal step with no tapering) has more benefits than the other design of internally connected implants. 연구 목적: 본 연구는 3차원 유한요소분석을 통해 특징적인 내부연결구조를 갖는 5종의 임플란트의 고정체와 지대주의 연결방식에 따른 응력분산을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 본 실험을 위한 유한요소모델은 하악 제1대구치부에 임플란트가 식립되고 상부구조물로 3형 금합금을 사용하는 것으로 가정하였다. 응력분산은 200 N의 하중이 교합면의 중심, 중심에 1.5 mm 외측, 중심에서 3.0 mm 외측에 수직으로 가해지고 임플란트의 장축과 30º의 각도로 경사하중이 가해지도록 하여 분석하였다. 유한요소모델에 대한 해석작업은 3G.Author (PlassoTech, California, USA)를 사용하여 이뤄졌다. 결과: 경사가 없는 내부계단 구조를 가지는 DAS tech의 임플란트의 경우, 내부연결구조를 갖는 다른 임플란트에 더 유리한 응력분산을 보였다. 하중이 임플란트 고정체의 외형선 이내에 가해지는 경우와 비교하여 외형선 바깥이나 경사력으로 전해지는 경우 더 높은 응력을 보였으며 하중조건과 관계없이 임플란트 고정체보다는 지대주에 더 큰 응력이 집중되었다. 결론: 교합력이 가해졌을 때 응력분산은 임플란트의 연결부의 형태와 하중이 가해지는 위치에 따라 달라졌으며 내부계단 구조를 가지는 DAS tech의 임플란트를 사용한 경우와 고정체의 외형선 이내에 하중이 가해졌을 경우에 더 유리한 응력분산을 보였다.

Pseudorabies Virus의 Major Capsid Protein 유전자의 클론닝과 Baculovirus Vector System에 의한 발현

안동준,전무형,송재영,박종현,현방훈,장경수,안수환 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1997 생물공학연구지 Vol.5 No.-

Pseudorabies is caused by Pseudorabies virus (PRV: Aujeszky's disease virus) of Herpesviridae that is characterized by 100 to 150nm in size with a linear double-stranded DNA molecule with of approximately 90 × 10 exp (6)Da. This disease affects most of domestic animals such as swine, cattle, dog, sheep, cat, chicken, etc. causing high mortality and economic losses. In swine, young piglets show high mortality and pregnant sows, reproductive failures. However the adult swine reveals no clinical signs in general. But they become a carrier state and play an importnat role for propagation of the disease. In this study, the nucleotide sequence of major casid protein gene of PRV, Yangsan strain isolated from the diseased swine in Korea was analyzed, and the recombinant MCP was produced by expression of the MCP gene in Sf-9 cell using baculovirus transfer vector system. As result, in BamHI digestion, MCP gene locus of PRV YS strain showed different from that of Indiana S strain. The patterns of enzyme mapping were also found to be unidentical each other. The sequence of the MCP gene partially analyzed showed 98.09% identity to Indiana S strain. The expression of MCP in Sf-9 cell cotransfected by pVLMCP-44 baculovirus expression vector was characterized by Southern blot hybridization, immunofluoresent and immunocytochemical tests, SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. The rMCP with M.W. 142kDa was most effectively expressed in Sf-9 cells at the 3-4th days post inoculation of the recombinant baculovirus by 2 moi.

Scrub Typhus : 확진된 76예의 임상 소견에 대한 전향적 연구

김동민,김현리,박치영,윤성호,송현제,심수경 대한감염학회 2006 감염과 화학요법 Vol.38 No.4

배경 : Orientia tsutsugamushi에 의한 인체 감염은 혈액과 임파선을 타고 전신에 퍼져 혈관 염을 일으켜, 전신 장기의 침범 소견을 보인다. 그러나 아직 까지 전신장기 침범에 대한 임상 소견 및 검사 결과의 전향적인 추적 관찰에 대한 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 재료 및 방법 : 조선대학교병원에 내원한 환자 중 확진법(gold standard)인 간접형광항체법(IFA)으로. 확인된 76명의 환자를 대상으로 내원시 임상 양상 및 검사 결과의 평가 및 치료 후 검사 결과의 변화에 대한 전향적인 연구를 수행하였다. 결과 : 대부분의 환자에서 발열, 갈증, 전신 쇠약감, 두통을 호소하였으며, 특이 할만한 소견으로 현재까지 보고되지 않았지만, 대부분의 환자가 갈증을 심하게 호소한다는 것이다. 3명의 젊은 건강한 환자를 제외한 대부분의 환자에서 이러한 갈증 증상을 호소하였으며, 이러한 갈증은 발열이 호전되어도 지속되었으며, 퇴원 이후에 까지 지속되는 양상을 보였다. 혈액검사상 scrub typhus 초기에 나타날 수 있는 신기능 장애 및 간 기능 장애는 대부분 가역적으로 적절한 항생제 투여 후 모두 정상으로 회복됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 혈액 검사상 CRP, LDH, AST가 대부분의 환자에서 상승하였고, 특히 LDH의 상승이100% 환자에서 관찰된 것은 특이할 만 한데 적절한 치료후 CRP는 신속히 호전을 보이나, LDH는 서서히 호전됨을 확인하였다. DIC 검사상 DIC는 입원환자의 95.5%에서 확인되었으나, 비교적 일부의 환자에서 출혈 및 경색이 초래되는 것으로 생각된다. 결론 : Scrub typhus 초기에 나타 날수 있는 신기능 장애, 간기능 장애 및 DIC는 대부분 가역적으로 적절한 항생제 투여 후 모두 정상으로 회복되며, 이러한 관찰이scrub typhus 환자의 진단 및 임상 경과의 이해에 도움이 되리라 사료된다. Background : Orientia tsutsugamushi spreads to the entire body through the blood and lymphatics, and it induces vasculitis that results in the patients manifesting symptoms of systemic organ involvement. Materials and Methods : We conducted a prospective study to evaluate the clinical manifestations and the change of the laboratory results after instituting treatment for scrub typhus. Results : Most patients presented with fever (100%), malaise (96.1%) and thirst (96.1%). It was remarkable that most patients presented with severe thirst, except for 3 healthy, young patients. This thirst was persistent even after the resolution of fever. The renal and hepatic dysfunction were reversible after the administration of appropriate antibiotics. For the blood testing, it was deteded that the CRP, and LDH were elevated in most patients (95.9% and 100% respectively). DIC could be diagnosed in 95.5% of the patients at the time of admission Conclusion : Most patients presented with fever, malaise and severe thirst, and the renal and hepatic dysfunction were reversible after the administration of appropriate antibiotics. DIC was observed in most of our patients, but hemorrhage and infarction were not present. CRP showed a rapid improvement, nonetheless, the LDH and DIC test results improved slowly.

대한제국기 新舊學論爭의 전개와 그 의의

백동현 한국사상사학회 2002 韓國思想史學 Vol.19 No.-

A new age began for Choson with the opening of the ports to foreign civilizations, which brought in the world capitalist system into the Chosoˇn society. Through the newly opening ports, western civilization was first introduced to the Chosoˇn people. The viewpoint towards western civilization was clearly divided into "accept" and "reject." Gradually the standpoints tilted towards accepting western civilization, however, focusing on different aspects. By the time Yu Gil-jun wrote "Seoyu Gyeonmun(西遊見聞)", the acceptance of western culture was carried out systematically based on the "argument for civilization(文明化論)." Then around the 1894 when Gabo Reformation was made, a new group of reformed Confucianists (Gaeshinyuhak : 改新儒學) emerged and argued for optional acceptance of western culture. These scholars had participated in the Korean independence movements led by the Independence Club along with the westernization theory(Munmyonggaehwaron 文明開化論)and optional accepters of western-civilization變法的 西歐文明受容論). Whereas the westernizationists rejected the traditional civilization of Chosoˇn and argued that Chosoˇn should adopt western civilization in every aspect, the new group of reformed Confucian scholars argued that the traditional civilization must be maintained as a foundation and the western culture adopted as an application only. This latter argument is based on Cheyongron(the theory that makes Confucism of principles and western culture of its applications: 體用論). The traditional civilization mentioned above includes the Chinese cultural factors, which formed the general oriental civilization, as well as the individual cultural factors of Chosoˇn. Although the Chinese culture. largely Confucianism, formed the core of these scholars' cultural identity, the individual characteristics of Chosoˇn still underlay beneath. Also during the enlightenment movement period, the viewpoint towards the acceptance of the western culture was still based on the "argument for civilization". The sub-groups under this foundation were the westernizationists and optional accepters of western-civilization. However, the reformed Confucianists took the lead during the enlightenment movement period in arguing over how far Chosoˇn should go in adopting the western culture. This argument is largely called the classical studies vs, modern sciences controversy(新舊學論爭). During the enlightenment period under Japanese invasion, several of the reformed Confucianists began to focus on the individual Korean culture among the traditional civilization of Chosoˇn as the Chosoˇn people became more aware of the need for national identity. On entering this new phase, the two main opposing axes, the western and oriental civilization, have been divided into the western civilization, the general medieval culture originating from China, and Chosoˇn individual civilization. All of the reformed Confucianists agreed with adopting the western culture based on Cheyongron(體用論) but some tilted to the theory on Confucianism reform(Yugyogaeryangron: 儒敎改良論) or the theory of national identity preservation(Guksubojeonron: 國졸保全論). Particularly, the theory of national identity preservation differs from Cheyongron(體用論)and the theory on Confucianism reform(Yugyogaeryangron: 儒敎改良論). since it argues that the western culture should be adopted based on the Korean civilization instead of the general medieval civilization, which is based on the Chinese culture. As observed above, the classical studies vs, modern sciences controversy, which began during the enlightenment movement , made several scholars aware of Chosoˇn individual civilization, which has been the focus of Chosoˇn's civilization as well as the western and Chinese civilization. Furthermore, the schools have been divided into more diverse groups to include the westernizationists and reformed Confucian scholars insisting on the theory on Cheyongron, the theory on Confucianism reform, and the theory of national identity preservation. These diverse opinions are market as the starting point of the ideological division of the period under Japanese rule.

인도 IT산업의 비교우위와 교육·과학기술 시스템

정동현 釜山大學校 國際地域問題硏究所 2005 國際地域問題硏究 Vol.23 No.1

1990년 외환위기를 계기로 적극척인 경제개혁·개방에 나선 이후 연도경제는 연평균 7% 수준의 성장률을 기록하고 었으며, 그 결과 실질구매력 기준 세계 4위의 경제대국으혹 성장하였다. 1990년대 이후 인도경제의 변화과정에서 눈에 두드러진 현상은 정보통신 (IT산업의 발전이다. 인도의 IT산업은 세계경제의 전반적인 불경기에도 불구하고 지속적인 성장률을 기록하고 있으며, 인도의 다른 어떤 산업보다 국민경제의 고도성장을 크게 견인하고 있다. 인도의 IT산업은 이미 규모에서 미국에 이어 세계 2위 수준으로 인정받고 있다. 인도의 IT산업이 이렇게 발전 할 수 있었던 요인으로는 크게 요소 측면의 경쟁우위, 정부의 육성지원정책, 해외로부터의 생산요소 유업 등을 꼽을 수 있다. 이 중에서 인도 IT산업이 가진 요소 측면의 비교우위의 핵심은 값싸고 수준높은 인적 자원이 매우 풍부하다는 것이다. 그리고 여기에는 인도의 교육 시스템 및 과학기술 시스템의 역할이 매우 크다. 국민소득 2만 달러 시대를 향해 나아가고 있는 한국경제도 IT산업을 어떻게 육성, 발전시키느냐에 그 미래가 크게 착우될 것이라는 면에서 연도의 경험은 충분히 주목할 만한 가치를 지난다. 특히 인도의 IT산업은 소프트웨어 및 관련 서비스 분야가 세계적 수준을 과시하는 반면 하드웨어 분야는 낙후되어 있다. 따라서 향후 대인도 투자 및 무역에서는 하드웨어 분야가 유망하며, 한·연 협력의 가능성도 높다. This paper is going to see how India has been able to rise as a IT power despite being at a low level of economic development compared to Korea and what are the lessons and policy inputs one can arrive at for the mutual benefit of Korea and India through a study of their IT industries. With the economic reforms attempted by India starting from 1991, the IT industry has been booming, although its origin can be dated a little earlier. There has been a spectacular growth in the exports of the IT industry in India and the future prospects look even more promising. Considering the level of economic development of India, this is an impressive achievement. India has failed to tackle some of the basic problems facing its economy but seems to have to done not too badly in one of the technologically advanced areas. A number of advanced nations is outsourcing their IT requirements from India. A substantial percentage of IT professionals in the special zones for IT sector are Indians. Some of the best performing and most admired industries in India are IT-related indusσies. The productivity rises rises in this industry in India is one of the highest and the compensation packages of this industry one of the highest. So the basic issue to be probed in this article is how has India been able to perform well in the IT industry even though the country is nowhere near the level of the advanced nations?

80년대 이후 美ㆍ日ㆍ유럽 經濟關係의 변화에 따른 企業形態와 經營條件

鄭東鉉 釜山 大學校 經營 經濟 硏究所 1996 經營 經濟 硏究 Vol.15 No.1

1970년대의 세계경제 不況期 이후 격화된 경쟁이 자본의 국제화를 보편화시키면서 기업 경영의 효율화를 촉진하는 과정을 분석하는 과정을 분석한 논문이다. 각 국가가 처하고 있는 상황과 조건에 의해 규정되는 기업 및 기업경영의 특성이 상호 치열한 경쟁을 거치면서 비용절감과 생산성을 제고시키는 노력을 통해 점차 사라지면서 기업경영과 금융시스템, 자금조달방식의 제 측면이 동질화되어 가고 있다. 이것은 경제구조상의 각국의 차이점들이 기업활동의 세계화로 인해 동질화하는 가운데 기업조직이나 경영형태가 가장 효율적인 방식으로 표준화되어 가고 있음을 말해준다. 80년대를 지나면서 미ㆍ일ㆍ유럽에서 나타난 경영구조의 변화, 노사관계 및 노동시장구조의 변화, 정부의 적극적인 역할등이 그것을 가르키는 예들이다. 이것은 전세계적 규모에서 기업활동의 효율성이 증대되고 있음을 의미하는 것이다. 글로벌한 세계시장에서는 효율적이지 못한 기업이 받아야 하는 압박이 배가된다. 기업은 死活을 걸고 효율성 증대를 위해 노력하게 될 것이며, 이 과정에서 경영구조의 동질화가 가속화 된다. 이것은 단일한 동질적 세계시장이 형성되어 가는 과정이기도 하다.

Pocine Adenovirus-3의 E1B Region의 鹽基序列 分析

朴鍾賢,宋載永,李重馥,玄芳勳,安東濬,車相昊,裵用泰,姜永源,Reddy, P S,全茂炯,安壽煥 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1999 생물공학연구지 Vol.7 No.-

돼지 아데노바이러스(PAV-3). 6618주의 EIB region이 包含되어 있는 map unit 4.0에서 9.7까지의 유전자에 대한 1,984 bp의 염기서열을 決定하였으며, 이 結果를 알려진 여러 아데노바이러스 유전자와 비교하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. PAV-3의 EIB유전자는 10개의 ORF로 구성되어 있으며, 그 중 아데노바이러스의 단백질과 유사성이 있는 것은 ORF1, ORF2 및 ORF3이었다. ORF1은 Ad41의 19kd 와 BAV-2에서의 EIB ORF2에서의 아미노산의 一致率은 각각 32%와 31%이었다. 2. ORF2는 Ad2 55kd protein과 tupaia adenovirus 44kd protein가 각각 34%로 아미노산 一致率이 가장 높았으며, Ad41의 52kd protein. BAV-3의 EIB ORF3에서도 33%의 一致率을 보였다. 3. ORF1은 61-666 uncleotide (606 bp), ORF 2에서는 429-1,850 uncleotide (1,422 bp)의 부위로 각각 202, 474 a.a로 構成되었으며, 예상되는 분자량은 20 kd와 52 kd이었다. 4. ORF3는 hexon-associated pIX유전자로 추정되며 내부에 1개의 polyadenylation signal(ATAAA)이 1938-1942 uncleotide에 위치하였으며, 이 부위는 TATA box (1937-1942 uncleotide)와 중복되어 존재하였다. Porcine adenovirus type 3 (PAV-3) does not cause severe infection in pigs. Adenovirus has been suggestive of live vaccine vector carrying foreign gene. One of insertion regions is delayed early (EIB) region. However, EIB region of PAV-3 has not been molecularly characterized to date. Nucleotide sequence of EIB of PAV-3 was determined. The EIB region was composed of 1,984 bp and located between 4.0 and 9.7 map units. Three potential open reading frames(ORFs) with low level of homology to other adenoviruses and a polyadenylation signal were identified in the rightward direction of genome. The nucleotide and the predicted amino acid sequences of EIB were compared to those of human and animal adenoviruses. One of the three potential ORFs. ORF1 encoded a polypeptide homologous to bovine adenovirus type 2(BAV-2) ORF2 and human adenovirus type 41(Ad41) 19 kd protein. ORF2 encoded a polypeptide homologous to human adenovirus type 2(Ad2) 55 kd protein, bovine adenovirus type 3(BAV-3) ORF3 and porcine adenovirus type 4(PAV-4) ORF2. The predicted protein of ORF1 had homology to those of Ad41 and BAV-2 with 32 and 31% respectively, whereas the deduced protein of ORF2 had homology to those of Ad2. BAV-3 and PAV-4 with 34, 33 and 29%, respectively.