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( Shin Hwang ),( Hyung-don Kim ),( Su-hyung Park ),( Gi-won Song ),( Seongyeol Park ),( Min Kyung Jung ),( Kyung Hwan Kimv ),( Sukyeong Eo ),( Deok-bog Moon ),( Young Seok Ju ),( Eui-cheol Shin ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1
Aims: Phenotypic and functional characteristics of tumor-infiltrating CD8 T-cells (CD8 TILs) has not been well studied in the context of heterogeneity of exhausted T-cells and patient stratification in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: We identified distinct T-cell exhaustion profiles determined by PD-1 expression levels on CD8 TILs from 48 HCC patients undergoing surgical resection by multi-color flow cytometry and RNA sequencing. Results: CD8 TILs from HCC patients significantly overexpressed immune checkpoint receptors such as PD-1, TIM-3 and LAG-3. CD8 TILs could be further stratified into PD-1<sup>hi</sup>, PD-1<sup>int</sup> and PD-1<sup>neg</sup> subpopulations, and TIM-3 and/or LAG-3 were exclusively expressed on PD-1<sup>hi</sup>, not PD-1<sup>int</sup>, subpopulation. RNA expression profiles were distinct among PD-1<sup>hi</sup>, PD-1<sup>int</sup> and PD-1<sup>neg</sup> CD8 TILs and a gene module of T-cell exhaustion was significantly enriched in PD-1<sup>hi</sup> CD8 TILs. HCC patients could be classified into two distinct subgroups based on the proportion of PD-1<sup>hi</sup> CD8 TILs; High PD-1 expressers and Low PD-1 expressers. High PD-1 expressers had more severely dysfunctional CD8 TILs with exhaustion profiles that were observed in PD-1<sup>hi</sup> CD8 TILs, compared to Low PD-1 expressers. High PD-1 expressers were associated with aggressive biologic tumor features. Combination blockades of Tim-3 or LAG-3 in addition to PD-1 blockade further enhanced proliferative responses of CD8 TILs from High PD-1 expressers. Conclusions: CD8 TILs displayed heterogeneous exhaustion profiles determined by differential PD-1 expression levels in HCC patients. A certain subgroup of HCC patients expressing multiple immune checkpoint receptors appears to be eligibly indicated for immune checkpoint inhibitors for effective reinvigoration of anti-tumor immunity.
Shin, Yong-Seub,Lee, Mun-Jung,Lee, Eun-Sook,Ahn, Joon-Hyung,Do, Han-Woo,Choi, Don-Woo,Jeong, Jong-Do,Lee, Ji-Eun,Kim, Min-Ki,Park, Jong-Uk,Um, Young-Ghul,Park, So-Deuk,Chae, Jang-Heui 한국유기농업학회 2013 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.21 No.4
The objective of this study was carried out to elucidate the effect of LEDs (light emitting diodes) irradiation in relation to early growth and inorganic elements in leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. ‘Chung Chi Ma’). In morphological changes of leaves, shoot elongation and hypocotyl length showed poor growth in red light irradiation, while the red+blue light irradiation induced shorter plant height and much greater leaf numbers resulting in increased fresh weight. In change of the Hunter's color and SPAD values, lettuce seedlings grown under in red+blue and fluorescent light irradiation had a higher a* value, otherwise SPAD values were not changed in these light irradiations. Interestingly, relative chlorophyll contents showed 1.8 times increased redness in the treatment of red+blue light irradiation. Inorganic element (N, Ca, Mg, Mn, and Fe) and ascorbic acid contents were increased in lettuce plants grown under LEDs light irradiation compared to those of lettuce grown under the fluorescent light which showed higher P and Mn contents. In conclusion, it is considered that red+blue light irradiation which stimulates growth and higher nutrient uptake in leaf lettuce could be employed in containers equipped with LEDs.
드릴 가공시 열연강판의 절삭저항 및 AE 신호 특성에 관한 연구
신형곤,문상돈,김태영 전북대학교 공업기술연구소 1998 工學硏究 Vol.30 No.-
Drilling testes were carried out to clarify the factors influencing the drilling characteristics of hot-rolled high strength steel. This research was studied about the relationship between thrust and cutting resistance and the comparison of tool wear by AE and cutting force signal during drilling. The obtained results are as follows a) The cutting resistance of specimens may be influenced by the feedrate much more than the cutting speed, and the cutting resistance increase with the increase of feedrate. Also, AE signal on drilling was influenced by the cutting speed but was not influenced by feedrated. b) The specimens hardness also influences the thrust forces and torque occurring in a drilling operation. Key Words : hot-rolled high strength steel(열연강판), tool wear(공구마멸)
Expression of Gpnmb in NK Cell Development from Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Shin, Na-Ra,Lee, Ji-Won,Lee, Ji-Won,Jeong, Mi-Ra,Kim, Mi-Sun,Lee, Suk-Hyung,Yoon, Suk-Ran,Chung, Jin-Woong,Kim, Tae-Don,Choi, In-Pyo The Korean Association of Immunobiologists 2008 Immune Network Vol.8 No.2
Background: Molecular mechanisms of natural killer (NK) cell development from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have not been clearly elucidated, although the roles of some genes in NK cell development have been reported previously. Thus, searching for molecules and genes related NK cell developmental stage is important to understand the molecular events of NK cell development. Methods: From our previous SAGE data-base, Gpnmb (Glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B) was selected for further analysis. We confirmed the level of mRNA and protein of Gpnmb through RT-PCR, quantitative PCR, and FACS analysis. Then we performed cell-based ELISA and FACS analysis, to know whether there are some molecules which can bind to Gpnmb. Using neutralizing antibody, we blocked the interaction between NK cells and OP9 cells, and checked IFN-${\gamma}$ production by ELISA kit. Results: Gpnmb expression was elevated during in vitro developmental stage and bound to OP9 cells, but not to NK precursor cells. In addition, we confirmed that the levels of Gpnmb were increased at NK precursor stage in vivo. We confirmed syndecan4 as a candidate of Gpnmb's binding molecule. When the interaction between NK cells and OP9 cells were inhibited in vitro, IFN-${\gamma}$ production from NK cells were reduced. Conclusion: Based on these observations, it is concluded that Gpnmb has a potential role in NK cell development from HSCs.
Kim, Hyung-Don,Song, Gi-Won,Park, Seongyeol,Jung, Min Kyung,Kim, Min Hwan,Kang, Hyo Jeong,Yoo, Changhoon,Yi, Kijong,Kim, Kyung Hwan,Eo, Sukyeong,Moon, Deok-Bog,Hong, Seung-Mo,Ju, Young Seok,Shin, Eui- Elsevier 2018 Gastroenterology Vol.155 No.6
<P><B>Background & Aims</B></P> <P>T-cell exhaustion, or an impaired capacity to secrete cytokines and proliferate with overexpression of immune checkpoint receptors, occurs during chronic viral infections but has also been observed in tumors, including hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). We investigated features of exhaustion in CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells isolated from HCC specimens.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>We obtained HCC specimens, along with adjacent nontumor tissues and blood samples, from 90 patients who underwent surgical resection at Asan Medical Center (Seoul, Korea) from April 2016 through April 2018. Intrahepatic lymphocytes and tumor-infiltrating T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Tumor-infiltrating CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells were sorted by flow cytometry into populations based on expression level of programmed cell death 1 (PDCD1 or PD1): PD1-high, PD1-intermediate, and PD1-negative. Sorted cells were analyzed by RNA sequencing. Proliferation and production of interferon gamma (IFNG) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) by CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells were measured in response to anti-CD3 and antibodies against immune checkpoint receptors including PD1, hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2 (HAVCR2 or TIM3), lymphocyte activating 3 (LAG3), or isotype control. Tumor-associated antigen-specific CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells were identified using HLA-A*0201 dextramers. PDL1 expression on tumor tissue was assessed by immunohistochemistry.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>PD1-high, PD1-intermediate, and PD1-negative CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells from HCCs had distinct gene expression profiles. PD1-high cells expressed higher levels of genes that regulate T-cell exhaustion than PD1-intermediate cells. PD1-high cells expressed TIM3 and LAG3, and low proportions of TCF1<SUP>+</SUP>, TBET<SUP>high</SUP>/eomesodermin<SUP>low</SUP>, and CD127<SUP>+</SUP>. PD1-high cells produced the lowest amounts of IFNG and TNF upon anti-CD3 stimulation. Differences in the PD1 expression patterns of CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells led to the identification of 2 subgroups of HCCs: HCCs with a discrete population of PD1-high cells were more aggressive than HCCs without a discrete population of PD1-high cells. HCCs with a discrete population of PD1-high cells had higher levels of predictive biomarkers of response to anti-PD1 therapy. Incubation of CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells from HCCs with a discrete population of PD1-high cells with antibodies against PD1 and TIM3 or LAG3 further restored proliferation and production of IFNG and TNF in response to anti-CD3.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>We found HCC specimens to contain CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells that express different levels of PD1. HCCs with a discrete population of PD1-high CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells express TIM3 and/or LAG3 and produce low levels of IFNG and TNF in response to anti-CD3. Incubation of these cells with antibodies against PD1 and TIM3 or LAG3 further restore proliferation and production of cytokines; HCCs with a discrete population of PD1-high CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells might be more susceptible to combined immune checkpoint blockade–based therapies.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
이형돈 ( Hyung-don Lee ),신명섭 ( Myung-seop Shin ),전미진 ( Mi-jin Jeon ),조용수 ( Yong-su Cho ),허우인 ( Woo-in Heo ),전용우 ( Yong-woo Jeon ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2017 한국폐기물자원순환학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2017 No.-
수열탄화 기술은 고온에서 반응이 발생하는 열분해 탄화기술의 단점을 보완하기 위한 방법으로 일정 온도조건(150~200℃)와 고압(10~20 kg/㎠)의 증기를 이용해 슬러지 내 미생물의 세포벽을 파괴함으로서 탈수성을 향상시키고 고액분리를 통해 액체생성물의 가용화 효율을 높이는 기술이다. 본 연구에서는 하수슬러지와 음식물폐기물을 혼합하여 수열탄화반응을 통해 생성된 고체생성물을 이용하여 최종적인 에너지원으로 사용하기 위한 건조실험을 진행하였다. 건조기는 0.9㎡의 Lab 테스트용 디스크건조기를 사용하였고, 건조단계에서 많은 에너지가 소비되는 특성에 맞는 최적의 건조조건을 찾고자 하였다. 실험에 투입된 수열탄화물(함수율 57%)은 먼저 전처리(파쇄) 유무에 따라 각각 나누었으며, 건조열원은 스팀압력(1.2~3.7 kg/㎠G)로 초기온도에 따라 설정하였고 수열탄화물 투입량은 3.8~4.7 kg/batch, 디스크 회전속도는 약 15~19 rpm, 체류시간은 함수율 10wt%가 되었을 때까지 실험을 진행하였다. 본 실험을 통해 수열탄화물의 건조특성 곡선을 통해 건조효율을 종합적으로 평가하고, 최적의 설계인자를 확보하고자 하였다.