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Siphon-driven microfluidic passive pump with a yarn flow resistance controller.
Jeong, Gi Seok,Oh, Jonghyun,Kim, Sang Bok,Dokmeci, Mehmet Remzi,Bae, Hojae,Lee, Sang-Hoon,Khademhosseini, Ali Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Lab on a chip Vol.14 No.21
<P>Precise control of media delivery to cells in microfluidic systems in a simple and efficient manner is a challenge for a number of cell-based applications. Conventional syringe pumps can deliver culture media into microfluidic devices at precisely controlled flow rates, but they are bulky and require a power source. On the other hand, passive microflow-generating systems cannot maintain continuous, controllable and long-term delivery of media. We have developed an on-chip microflow control technology that combines flow rate control and passive, long-term delivery of media to microwell tissue culture chambers. Here, a passive flow is initiated using the siphon effect and a yarn flow resistor is used to regulate the flow rate in the microchannel. Using the yarn flow resistor, the medium flow rate into the microfluidic cell culture system is made adjustable to a few hundred microliters per hour. To evaluate the effects of controlled flow on microfluidic cell culture properties (feasibility test), we measured the cell alignment and cytoskeletal arrangement of endothelial cells cultured in a microwell array inside the microfluidic channel.</P>
Integrin-Mediated Interactions Control Macrophage Polarization in 3D Hydrogels
Cha, Byung-Hyun,Shin, Su Ryon,Leijten, Jeroen,Li, Yi-Chen,Singh, Sonali,Liu, Julie C.,Annabi, Nasim,Abdi, Reza,Dokmeci, Mehmet R.,Vrana, Nihal Engin,Ghaemmaghami, Amir M.,Khademhosseini, Ali Wiley (John WileySons) 2017 Advanced healthcare materials Vol.6 No.21
Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Hybrid Microgels as Scaffold Materials for Cell Encapsulation
Shin, Su Ryon,Bae, Hojae,Cha, Jae Min,Mun, Ji Young,Chen, Ying-Chieh,Tekin, Halil,Shin, Hyeongho,Farshchi, Saeed,Dokmeci, Mehmet R.,Tang, Shirley,Khademhosseini, Ali American Chemical Society 2012 ACS NANO Vol.6 No.1
<P>Hydrogels that mimic biological extracellular matrix (ECM) can provide cells with mechanical support and signaling cues to regulate their behavior. However, despite the ability of hydrogels to generate artificial ECM that can modulate cellular behavior, they often lack the mechanical strength needed for many tissue constructs. Here, we present reinforced CNT–gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hybrid as a biocompatible, cell-responsive hydrogel platform for creating cell-laden three-dimensional (3D) constructs. The addition of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) successfully reinforced GelMA hydrogels without decreasing their porosity or inhibiting cell growth. The CNT–GelMA hybrids were also photopatternable allowing for easy fabrication of microscale structures without harsh processes. NIH-3T3 cells and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) readily spread and proliferated after encapsulation in CNT–GelMA hybrid microgels. By controlling the amount of CNTs incorporated into the GelMA hydrogel system, we demonstrated that the mechanical properties of the hybrid material can be tuned making it suitable for various tissue engineering applications. Furthermore, due to the high pattern fidelity and resolution of CNT incorporated GelMA, it can be used for <I>in vitro</I> cell studies or fabricating complex 3D biomimetic tissue-like structures.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2012/ancac3.2012.6.issue-1/nn203711s/production/images/medium/nn-2011-03711s_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn203711s'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Carbon-Nanotube-Embedded Hydrogel Sheets for Engineering Cardiac Constructs and Bioactuators
Shin, Su Ryon,Jung, Sung Mi,Zalabany, Momen,Kim, Keekyoung,Zorlutuna, Pinar,Kim, Sang bok,Nikkhah, Mehdi,Khabiry, Masoud,Azize, Mohamed,Kong, Jing,Wan, Kai-tak,Palacios, Tomas,Dokmeci, Mehmet R.,Bae, American Chemical Society 2013 ACS NANO Vol.7 No.3
<P>We engineered functional cardiac patches by seeding neonatal rat cardiomyocytes onto carbon nanotube (CNT)-incorporated photo-cross-linkable gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogels. The resulting cardiac constructs showed excellent mechanical integrity and advanced electrophysiological functions. Specifically, myocardial tissues cultured on 50 μm thick CNT-GelMA showed 3 times higher spontaneous synchronous beating rates and 85% lower excitation threshold, compared to those cultured on pristine GelMA hydrogels. Our results indicate that the electrically conductive and nanofibrous networks formed by CNTs within a porous gelatin framework are the key characteristics of CNT-GelMA leading to improved cardiac cell adhesion, organization, and cell–cell coupling. Centimeter-scale patches were released from glass substrates to form 3D biohybrid actuators, which showed controllable linear cyclic contraction/extension, pumping, and swimming actuations. In addition, we demonstrate for the first time that cardiac tissues cultured on CNT-GelMA resist damage by a model cardiac inhibitor as well as a cytotoxic compound. Therefore, incorporation of CNTs into gelatin, and potentially other biomaterials, could be useful in creating multifunctional cardiac scaffolds for both therapeutic purposes and <I>in vitro</I> studies. These hybrid materials could also be used for neuron and other muscle cells to create tissue constructs with improved organization, electroactivity, and mechanical integrity.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2013/ancac3.2013.7.issue-3/nn305559j/production/images/medium/nn-2012-05559j_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn305559j'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>