Investigation of Different Approach in Evaluating Moisture Damage Resistance of Asphalt Mixtures

Thanh Chung Do,Van Phuc Tran,Van Phuc Le,Hyun Jong Lee,Won Jae Kim 한국도로학회 2018 한국도로학회 학술대회 발표논문 초록집 Vol.2018 No.05

In this study, several approaches in evaluating moisture sensitivity of asphalt mixtures were investigated and compared. To evaluate the moisture damage resistance, twenty types of asphalt mixtures with and without anti stripping additives were tested in the laboratory. Uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) and indirect tensile (IDT) testing were performed to determine the Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR) and Cohesion Strength Ratio (CSR). Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) mixtures were found to provide good moisture damage resistance compared to other mixtures. It also does not require anti stripping additives to improve its moisture resistance. Moreover, the correlation coefficient between the TSR test and CSR tests is 0.99 with an average error of 1.5%, which indicates that the TSR test following AASHTO T-283 is still the most reasonable criteria in evaluating the moisture damage of AC mixtures. Marshall Stability Ratio (MSR) and Marshall Stability to Flow Ratio (MSFR) were conducted and were compared to TSR test results. It was found that MSFR value may be used to evaluate the moisture damage resistance of AC mixtures instead of TSR test. Finally, Dynamic Immersion (DI) test was performed to evaluate moisture resistance for loose asphalt mixtures. The DI results showed good correlation also when evaluating moisture resistance compared to TSR. When using DI testing in evaluating moisture resistance, it is recommended to test after 48 hours since it showed higher correlation with the TSR values. Further study is recommended to improve current testing evaluating moisture susceptibility of asphalt mixtures to properly associate it with TSR values.

Objectively Measured Physical Activity of Vietnamese Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Opportunities to Intervene

Do, Vuong Van,Jancey, Jonine,Pham, Ngoc Minh,Nguyen, Chung Thanh,Hoang, Minh Van,Lee, Andy H. The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2019 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.52 No.2

Objectives: To objectively determine and compare the physical activity (PA) levels of adults newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and adults without T2D in Vietnam using an accelerometer. Methods: A total of 120 participants with newly diagnosed T2D and 120 adults without T2D were recruited from a large hospital in Hanoi, the capital city of Vietnam. All participants wore an ActiGraph GT3X accelerometer for at least 5 days, including 1 weekend day. Freedson cut-off points were used to estimate different intensities of PA. In addition, comparisons between groups were made with respect to achieving the World Health Organization (WHO) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) recommended PA guidelines. Results: Men with T2D had significantly lower levels of PA than men without T2D. The respective multivariable-adjusted mean values of daily step count, daily light-intensity, moderate-intensity, and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA were approximately 14%, 19%, and 22% lower in the men with T2D than in their non-T2D counterparts. However, women with T2D accumulated a greater number of steps per day than women without T2D. Only 59.2% of the adults with T2D met the minimum recommended level of PA (WHO and IDF), compared to 74.2% of adults without T2D (p<0.05). After adjusting for potential confounders, participants with T2D experienced 50.0% significantly lower odds of achieving PA recommendations. Conclusions: Vietnamese men with T2D were less physically active than those without T2D, and adults with T2D were less likely to meet PA guidelines. The results suggest a need for integrating PA into the self-management of this chronic condition.

Determinants of Operational Self-Sustainability of Microfinance Institutions in Vietnam

LE, Thanh Tam,DAO, Lan Phuong,DO, Ngoc Mai,TRUONG, Thi Hoai Linh,NGUYEN, Thi Thuy Duong,TRAN, Chung Thuy Korea Distribution Science Association 2020 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.7 No.10

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the determinants of the Operational Self-Sustainability (OSS) of Vietnamese microfinance institutions (MFIs). This research uses both qualitative and quantitative research methods: (i) qualitative research was via in-depth interviews with ten microfinance practitioners, policymakers and researchers; (ii) quantitative research was conducted by using panel data of 34 MFIs in the period 2011-2015 with binary logistics and OLS regressions. Results are as follows: (i) MFIs' OSS in Vietnam are mainly determined by five key factors: portfolio at risk (PAR>30), capital structure, gross loan portfolio, scope of activities and legal form; (ii) OSS are most affected by legal status (social organizations have better OSS than formal MFIs or programs/projects), location (MFIs focus in one province have higher OSS than working nationwide or just in one district), capital structure (MFIs with more equity proportion have higher OSS); (iii) surprisingly, average loan size per borrower and age of MFIs do not have statistically significant correlation with OSS. The key recommendations are: (i) MFIs should focus on its professionality and increase its equity; (ii) related stakeholders such as State Bank of Vietnam should promote the enabling ecosystem for microfinance development to enhance poverty reduction and economic development.

중온 재활용 아스팔트 혼합물의 실내 공용성 평가

이왕수,Do Thanh Chung,Tran Van Phuc,오영조,이현종 한국도로학회 2017 한국도로학회 학술대회 발표논문 초록집 Vol.2017 No.10

온실가스 배출 등으로 인한 지구 온난화, 이상기후 현상 등이 발생함에 따라 온실가스를 줄이기 위한 운동이 범세계적으로 확산되었다. 이 운동에 일조하기 위해 우리나라에서는 ‘저탄소 녹생성장 기본법’, ‘건설폐기물의 재활용촉진에 관한 법률’을 시행하였고, 우리나라 전체 온실가스 배출량의 16%를 차지하고 있는 도로분야에서는 지속 가능한 친환경 도로포장 기술의 개발이 진행되고 있다. 또한, 국토교통부는 “순환골재 및 순환골재 재활용제품의 의무사용에 관한 고시”를 개정 예정이며, 그 내용은 다음과 같다. 도로포장 공사구간이 1km 이상 또는 포장 면적이 9,000m2 이상인 신설 또는 확장공사의 도로, 단지, 주차장 등에 순환골재를 40%이상 의무사용 해야 하며, 향후 순환골재 의무사용 대상이 기존의 신설·확장공사뿐만 아니라 유지·관리공사를 포함하는 방향으로 확대될 예정이다. 아스팔트 콘크리트 분야에서 온실가스 배출 저감을 위한 방법으로는 순환골재 사용과 중온 아스팔트 혼합물 사용 등이 있다. 중온 아스팔트 혼합물은 가열 일반 아스팔트 혼합물 대비 생산 및 시공온도를 약 30℃ 이상 낮춰 탄소저감 효과를 볼 수 있는 혼합물을 말하며, 이 때 사용하는 첨가제를 중온 첨가제라 한다. 또한, 재생 첨가제란 재활용 아스팔트 혼합물 생산시 폐아스팔트 바인더의 물리·화학적 성질을 신규 아스팔트 바인더와 유사하게 회복시킬 수 있는 기능을 가진 첨가제를 말한다. 본 연구에서는 가열 일반 아스팔트 혼합물과 중온 일반 및 중온 재활용 아스팔트 혼합물의 실내 시험 결과를 비교하였다. 중온 일반 및 중온 재활용 아스팔트 혼합물의 실내 공용성 평가를 위해 다짐도, 동탄성계수, 피로 시험, 휠 트레킹, 수분저항성, 동적수침 시험을 수행하였다. 가열 아스팔트 혼합물 간 공용성 비교·평가시에는 동일한 공극률의 시편을 제작하여 시험을 실시하지만, 중온 혼합물의 경우에는 가열 아스팔트 혼합물과 비교해 다짐특성이 다르기 때문에 동일한 공극률에서 공용성을 비교하기에는 무리가 따른다. 다짐도, 동탄성계수, 피로 시험의 경우 현장에서 동일한 다짐 에너지를 적용한다는 가정하에 실내 시험시 선회다짐기를 사용하여 동일한 다짐 에너지로 시편을 제작하였다. 표층용 중온 재활용 혼합물의 공극률이 4%가 되게 하는 선회다짐 횟수를 기준으로 삼는 경우 중온 일반 혼합물의 공극률이 너무 작아 실내 시험 결과 비교에 문제가 있을 것이라고 판단되어 중온 일반 혼합물의 공극률이 4%가 되는 선회다짐 횟수(55회)를 기준으로 표층용 아스팔트 혼합물을 제작하였고, 기층용 혼합물의 경우 가열 일반 혼합물은 50회, 중온 재활용 혼합물은 44회를 적용하였다. 가열 일반 혼합물에 44회의 선회다짐을 한 시편의 경우 공극률이 너무 높아 시험을 진행할 수 없어 다짐횟수를 50회로 증가하였다.

Synthesis and Evaluation of Multifunctional Fluorescent Inhibitors with Synergistic Interaction of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen and Hypoxia for Prostate Cancer

Kwon, Young-Do,Oh, Jung-Mi,La, Minh Thanh,Chung, Hea-Jong,Lee, Sun Joo,Chun, Sungkun,Lee, Sun-Hwa,Jeong, Byung-Hoon,Kim, Hee-Kwon American Chemical Society 2019 Bioconjugate chemistry Vol.30 No.1

<P>Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. It is widely known that prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is highly expressed in prostate cancer, and hypoxia is a common characteristic of many solid tumors, including prostate cancer. In this study, we designed multifunctional fluorescent inhibitors to target PSMA and tumor hypoxia in order to increase the tumor uptake of inhibitors. Novel PSMA inhibitors were prepared using lysine as the backbone to connect three different functional groups: the glutamate-urea-lysine (GUL) structure for inhibiting PSMA, 2-nitroimidazole for the hypoxia-sensitive moiety, and a near-infrared fluorophore (sulfo-Cyanine 5.5). According to the <I>in vitro</I> PSMA binding assay, novel fluorescent inhibitors were demonstrated to have nanomolar binding affinities. Multifunctional inhibitor <B>2</B> with one 2-nitroimidazole had a similar inhibitory activity to inhibitor <B>1</B> that did not contain the hypoxia targeting moiety, but multifunctional inhibitor <B>3</B> with two 2-nitroimidazoles showed lower inhibitory activity than inhibitor <B>1</B> due to the bulky structure of the hypoxia-sensitive group. However, <I>in vivo</I> optical imaging and <I>ex vivo</I> biodistribution studies indicated that both multifunctional inhibitors <B>2</B> and <B>3</B> had higher accumulation in tumors than inhibitor <B>1</B> due to a synergistic combination of PSMA and hypoxia targeting moieties. These observations suggest that this novel multifunctional strategy might be a promising approach to improve the diagnosis and therapy of prostate cancer.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Objectively Measured Physical Activity of Vietnamese Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Opportunities to Intervene

Vuong Van Do,Jonine Jancey,Ngoc Minh Pham,Chung Thanh Nguyen,Minh Van Hoang,Andy H. Lee 대한예방의학회 2019 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.52 No.2

Objectives: To objectively determine and compare the physical activity (PA) levels of adults newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and adults without T2D in Vietnam using an accelerometer. Methods: A total of 120 participants with newly diagnosed T2D and 120 adults without T2D were recruited from a large hospital in Hanoi, the capital city of Vietnam. All participants wore an ActiGraph GT3X accelerometer for at least 5 days, including 1 weekend day. Freedson cut-off points were used to estimate different intensities of PA. In addition, comparisons between groups were made with respect to achieving the World Health Organization (WHO) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) recommended PA guidelines. Results: Men with T2D had significantly lower levels of PA than men without T2D. The respective multivariable-adjusted mean values of daily step count, daily light-intensity, moderate-intensity, and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA were approximately 14%, 19%, and 22% lower in the men with T2D than in their non-T2D counterparts. However, women with T2D accumulated a greater number of steps per day than women without T2D. Only 59.2% of the adults with T2D met the minimum recommended level of PA (WHO and IDF), compared to 74.2% of adults without T2D (p<0.05). After adjusting for potential confounders, participants with T2D experienced 50.0% significantly lower odds of achieving PA recommendations. Conclusions: Vietnamese men with T2D were less physically active than those without T2D, and adults with T2D were less likely to meet PA guidelines. The results suggest a need for integrating PA into the self-management of this chronic condition.

Antioxidative Activity of Platinum Nanocolloid and Its Protective Effect Against Chemical-Induced Hepatic Cellular Damage.

Choi, Mi-Ran,Do, Le Thanh,Chung, Yong-Hoon,Yoo, Hoon,Yu, Rina American Scientific Publishers 2015 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.15 No.8

<P>Oxidative stress, a major cause of cellular injuries, is closely associated with a variety of chronic diseases such as cancer, liver diseases, degenerative brain disease and aging. In this study, we investigated antioxidant properties of platinum nanocolloid (PNC) against various oxidative stress conditions in vitro/in vivo by treating PNC on liver cell or tissue. Antioxidant activities of the PNC were determined by measuring quenching capacity on reactive oxygen species and its protective action against hydrogen peroxide or CCl4-induced oxidative cellular damage in HepG2 cell or liver tissue of mice. In vitro study, PNC markedly suppressed the production H2O2, ·OH, 관,관-diphenyl-관-picrylhydrazyl radical and nitric oxide in a dose-dependent manner. PNC also inhibited hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative cellular damage in HepG2 hepatocytes. In vivo study with mice, PNC reduced hepatic lipid peroxidation and CCl4 induced toxicity. Our results support that platinum nanocolloid has antioxidant activities and protects hepatic cellular oxidative damage. Thus platinum nanocolloid may have a potential to be used as an antioxidant supplement.</P>

Investigation of Extruded Endwall on Heat Transfer Characteristics of Channel with Staggering Pin-fins

Van-Hoang Tran,Thanh-Huan Nguyen,Frédéric Plourde,Khanh-Duy Cong Do,Duy-Hung Chung,Cong-Truong Dinh,Gia-Diem Pham 한국유체기계학회 2023 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.16 No.2

In order to increase turbine efficiency while retaining structural integrity, modern jet engines need an effective cooling system. Pin-fin arrays play a significant role in the internal cooling system of the turbine blade. In examining the efficacy of cooling techniques using pin-fins, the other papers focus on pin-fin configurations. In contrast, the current study is a step toward optimizing cooling cascade endwalls for better maneuvering and reservation of vortices, which leads to more considerable heat transfer near the endwalls. This study examines the flow field and heat transfer of roughed endwall in the pin-fin channel, including varieties with flat endwall and extruded endwall. The heat transfer of the channel and pressure drop properties of the extruded endwall case are quantitatively assessed to contrast with those of the flat endwalls scenario for an intake Reynolds number range of 7400 to 36000. The leading and trailing surfaces of the channel are divided into five streamwise regions to understand better how well the pin-fins and endwalls transmit heat. The results show that the new endwall construction significantly increases the high heat transfer zones around the pin-fins compared to the flat endwall scenario. In the meantime, the heat transfer of the channel to the pin-fins is enhanced by the modified endwall configuration. The redesigned endwall outperformed the basic case regarding the HTEI, rising by 15.9%. It is found that the friction factor of the new design is increased due to the narrowing channel. However, due to their much higher heat transfer capacity, the HTEI of extruded endwall is up to 41.5% higher than the HTEI of the channel with flat endwalls. These results demonstrate that the heat transfer properties of pin-fins can be significantly improved by optimizing endwall design.