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The Poverty Situation in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress of the Marginalized Group
Zulkarnain A. Hatta,Djuni Thamrin Sarkawi 한국사회복지학회 2011 Asian Social Work and Policy Review Vol.5 No.2
This paper focuses on Indonesian poverty alleviation programs. It examines the national povertyreduction programs of cash-based support projects for the poorest of the poor and highly marginalizedgroups. Indonesia was the country hardest hit by the East Asian financial crisis of the late1990s. In 2005, Indonesia began unconditional cash transfers (UCT) for the first time – giving cashmoney to the poorest, poor and near-poor targeted households. As a result, the income of the pooresthouseholds receiving UCT increased by 1.3 times compared to that of non-recipients. The UCTcan be seen as a new benchmark for Indonesia as a mechanism of a ‘‘shockbreaker’’ for the pooraffected by the crisis. In 2007, the government of Indonesia began a trial of the conditional cashtransfer (CCT) program known as the Hopeful Family Program (Program Keluarga Harapan orPKH). The CCT program was provided to poor families with an allowance conditional on theirattention to their children’s education and health. With this program, women in the communitygained access to new resources, in the form of the additional cash. CCT is planned to be the basisof the development of a future social security system.