VENTURE COMMUNITY: DEMOCRATISATION OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN DEVELOPING ECONOMIES

Dekel Ofer 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2018 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2018 No.07

The motivation of this paper is to assist SMEs (mainly micro and informal enterprises) in developing economies to find the required resources to establish, or develop, their business. We introduce the concept of 'Venture Communities' to provide direct peer-to-peer connections between individuals and SMEs in all parts of the global market. We draw on the well-established concepts of networking, crowdfunding, living labs and value co-creation. The contribution we make lies in the introduction of a novel ecosystem, constructed by multiple actors, through dynamic and interconnected networks, accumulating resources for the benefit of all stakeholders of this community. Our model presents a challenge to the conventional conceptualizations of dyadic relationships between developed economies and emerging economies. Alternatively, we suggest anti-essentialist communities that are temporary constellation of social elements from all parts of the global market to create hybridized and nomadic (Laclau and Mouffe 1995) market arrangements.

Review : Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Co-morbid Gastrointestinal and Extra-gastrointestinal Functional Syndromes

( Ami D. Sperber ),( Roy Dekel ) 대한소화관운동학회 2010 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.16 No.2

The irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the best known of the functional gastrointestinal tract disorders. Many IBS patients have at Least one co-morbid somatic complaint and many meet diagnostic criteria for other functional disorders. Patients with IBS and another functional disorder, in comparison with patients with IBS only, have more severe IBS symptoms, a higher rate of psychopathology, greater impairment of quality of Life, and more illness-related work absenteeism. Estimates of the prevalence of IBS in patients with fibromyalgia range from 30-35% to as high as 70%. Studies of IBS among patients with chronic fatigue syndrome have reported a prevalence ranging from 35-92%. The prevalence of IBS among patients with chronic fatigue syndrome is reported to be 14%. IBS patients with other co-morbid functional disorders appear to manifest a greater degree of somatization. It has been suggested that the presence of multiple co-morbid disorders may be a marker for psychological influences on etiology. This raises the question of whether the functional syndromes represent the same pathophysiological process, i.e., are the same entity that has been separated into different clinical entities because of medical sub-specialization, or are indeed separate disorders. While the answer to this question awaits further research, it would appear that most functional patients who meet formal diagnostic criteria for more than one functional disorder manifest one disorder clinically more that the others and seek consultation differentially for that set of symptoms.(J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2010;16:113-119)

Endoscopic Laser Surgery for Subglottic Stenosis in Wegener’s Granulomatosis

Jacob Shvero,David Shitrit,Rumelia Koren,Dekel Shalomi,Mordechai Reuven Kramer 연세대학교의과대학 2007 Yonsei medical journal Vol.48 No.5

Purpose: Wegener’s granulomatosis (WG) is a rare multisystem inflammatory disease, which infrequently involves the subglottic area and trachea. Treatment usually involves the use of immunosuppressive agents with corticosteroids. Some patients, however, continue to have symptoms of airway obstruction after clinical remission following the standard therapeutic regimen. Objective: To investigate laser treatment for subglottic stenosis in five patients suffering from WG. Materials and Methods: We endoscopically treated 5 patients with subglottic stenosis due to WG and airway obstruction by Nd:YAG and CO2 lasers. One of the patients had preoperative tracheostomy and after treatment was decannulated and could not breathe without dyspnea. Another patient required stenting of the subglottic area. Results: All five patients were able to breathe without dyspnea after the treatment. Three patients were treated with an Nd:YAG laser but needed repeated laser treatment every four to six months, whenever they complained of dyspnea. The other two patients were treated with a CO2 laser; one of these patients had preoperative tracheostomy and was treated twice by CO2 laser and decannulated, with no further difficulty in breathing. The follow-up period was 1-5 years. Conclusions: Nd:YAG and CO2 lasers are recommended in the treatment of subglottic stenosis (SS) due to WG, particularly when the stenosis is in continuity or close proximity to the vocal cords.

Outcomes of Enterobacter cloacae-Associated Periprosthetic Joint Infection Following Hip Arthroplasties

Itay Ashkenazi,Samuel Morgan,Nimrod Snir,Aviram Gold,Michal Dekel,Yaniv Warschawski 대한정형외과학회 2023 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.15 No.6

Background: Periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) represent a serious complication following total hip arthroplasty (THA) and are associated with significant morbidity. While recent data suggest that Enterobacter cloacae is an emerging source of PJI, characteristics and outcomes of E. cloacae -associated infections are rarely described. The study aimed to present and describe the findings and outcomes of E. cloacae -associated PJI in our department. Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study of patients who underwent revision THA for E. cloacae -associated PJI between 2011 and 2020 and has a minimum follow-up of 2 years. Outcomes included organism characteristics as well as clinical outcomes, represented by the number of reoperations needed for PJI eradication and the Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) outcome reporting tool score. Of 108 revision THAs, 12 patients (11.1%) were diagnosed with E. cloacae -associated PJI. Results: The majority of cases had a polymicrobial PJI (n=8, 66.7%). Five E. cloacae strains (41.7%) were gentamicin-resistant. Six patients (50.0%) underwent 2 or more revisions, while 3 of them (25.0%) required 4 or more revisions until their PJI was resolved. When utilizing the MSIS outcome score, the first surgical intervention was considered successful (MSIS score tiers 1 and 2) for 5 patients (41.7%) and failed (tiers 3 and 4) for 7 patients (58.3%). Conclusions: E. cloacae is emerging as a common source of PJI following hip arthroplasty procedures. The findings of our study suggest that this pathogen is primarily of polymicrobial nature and represents high virulence and poor postoperative outcomes, as represented by both an increased number of required revision procedures and high rates of patients with MSIS outcome scores of 3 and 4. When managing patients with E. cloacae -associated PJI, surgeons should consider these characteristics and inform patients regarding predicted outcomes.

Botulinum toxin injections as salvage therapy is beneficial for management of patellofemoral pain syndrome

( Yuval Kesary ),( Vivek Singh ),( Tal Frenkel ),( Rutenberg ),( Arie Greenberg ),( Shmuel Dekel ),( Ran Schwarzkopf ),( Nimrod Snir ) 대한슬관절학회 2021 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.33 No.-

Purpose: Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a common pathology usually presenting with anterior or retropatellar pain. It is associated with a relative imbalance between the vastus medialis oblique (VMO) and the vastus lateralis (VL) muscles. This can lead to considerable morbidity and reduced quality of life (QOL). This study aims to assess the long-term functional outcome of PFPS treated with VL muscle botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) injection. Materials and methods: A retrospective review was performed on 26 consecutive patients (31 knees) with a mean age of 50.1 years (± 19.7 years) who were treated with BoNT-A injections to the VL muscle followed by physiotherapy between 2008 and 2015. Pre- and post-treatment pain levels (numerical rating scale, NRS), QOL (SF-6D), and functional scores (Kujala and Lysholm questionnaires) were measured. Demographics, physical therapy compliance, previous surgeries, perioperative complications, and patient satisfaction levels were collected. Results: The mean follow-up time was 58.8 ± 36.4 months. There were significant improvements in all the examined domains. The average pain score (NRS) decreased from 7.6 to 3.2 (P < 0.01), and the Kujala, Lysholm, and SF-6D scores improved from 58.9 to 82.7 (P < 0.001), 56.2 to 83.2 (P < 0.001), and 0.6 to 0.8 (P < 0.001), respectively. Similar delta improvement was achieved irrespective of gender, age, compliance to post-treatment physical therapy, or coexisting osteoarthritis. Patients who presented with a worse pre-treatment clinical status achieved greater improvement. Prior to BoNT-A intervention, 16 patients (18 knees) were scheduled for surgery, of whom 12 (75%, 13 knees) did not require further surgical intervention at the last follow-up. Conclusions: A single intervention of BoNT-A injections to the VL muscle combined with physiotherapy is beneficial for the treatment of patients with persistent PFPS. Level III evidence: Retrospective cohort study.

EVOLUTION OF INTRINSIC SCATTER IN THE SFR-STELLAR MASS CORRELATION AT 0.5 < <i>z</i> < 3

Kurczynski, Peter,Gawiser, Eric,Acquaviva, Viviana,Bell, Eric F.,Dekel, Avishai,de Mello, Duilia F.,Ferguson, Henry C.,Gardner, Jonathan P.,Grogin, Norman A.,Guo, Yicheng,Hopkins, Philip F.,Koekemoer, American Astronomical Society 2016 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS - Vol.820 No.1

<P>We present estimates of intrinsic scatter in the star formation rate (SFR)-stellar mass (M-*) correlation in the redshift range 0.5 < z < 3.0 and in the mass range 10(7) < M-* < 10(11)M(circle dot). We utilize photometry in the Hubble Ultradeep Field (HUDF12) and Ultraviolet Ultra Deep Field (UVUDF) campaigns and CANDELS/GOODS-S and estimate SFR, M-* from broadband spectral energy distributions and the best-available redshifts. The maximum depth of the UDF photometry (F160W 29.9 AB, 5 sigma depth) probes the SFR-M-* correlation down to M-* similar to 10(7)M(circle dot), a factor of 10-100x lower in M-* than previous studies, and comparable to dwarf galaxies in the local universe. We find the slope of the SFR-M-* relationship to be near unity at all redshifts and the normalization to decrease with cosmic time. We find a moderate increase in intrinsic scatter with cosmic time from 0.2 to 0.4 dex across the epoch of peak cosmic star formation. None of our redshift bins show a statistically significant increase in intrinsic scatter at low mass. However, it remains possible that intrinsic scatter increases at low mass on timescales shorter than similar to 100 Myr. Our results are consistent with a picture of gradual and self-similar assembly of galaxies across more than three orders of magnitude in stellar mass from as low as 10(7)M(circle dot).</P>

CANDELS Sheds Light on the Environmental Quenching of Low-mass Galaxies

Guo, Yicheng,Bell, Eric F.,Lu, Yu,Koo, David C.,Faber, S. M.,Koekemoer, Anton M.,Kurczynski, Peter,Lee, Seong-Kook,Papovich, Casey,Chen, Zhu,Dekel, Avishai,Ferguson, Henry C.,Fontana, Adriano,Giavalis American Astronomical Society 2017 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS - Vol.841 No.2

<P>We investigate the environmental quenching of galaxies, especially those with stellar masses (M-*) < 10(9.5) Me-circle dot, beyond the local universe. Essentially all local low-mass quenched galaxies (QGs) are believed to live close to massive central galaxies, which is a demonstration of environmental quenching. We use CANDELS data to test whether or not such a dwarf QG-massive central galaxy connection exists beyond the local universe. For this purpose, we only need a statistically representative, rather than complete, sample of low-mass galaxies, which enables our study to z greater than or similar to 1.5. For each low-mass galaxy, we measure the projected distance (d(proj)) to its nearest massive neighbor (M-* > 10(10.5) M-circle dot) within a redshift range. At a given z and M-*, the environmental quenching effect is considered to be observed if the d(proj) distribution of QGs (d(proj)(Q)) is significantly skewed toward lower values than that of star-forming galaxies (d(proj)(SF)). For galaxies with 10(8) M-circle dot < M-* < 10(10) M-circle dot, such a difference between d(proj)(Q) and d(proj)(SF) is detected up to z similar to 1. Also, about 10% of the quenched galaxies in our sample are located between two and four virial radii (R-Vir) of the massive halos. The median projected distance from low-mass QGs to their massive neighbors, d(proj)(Q)/R-Vir, decreases with satellite M-* at M-* less than or similar to 10(9.5) M-circle dot, but increases with satellite M-* at M-* greater than or similar to 10(9.5) M-circle dot. This trend suggests a smooth, if any, transition of the quenching timescale around M-* similar to 10(9.5) M-circle dot at 0.5 < z < 1.0.</P>

THE EVOLUTION OF STAR FORMATION HISTORIES OF QUIESCENT GALAXIES

Pacifici, Camilla,Kassin, Susan A.,Weiner, Benjamin J.,Holden, Bradford,Gardner, Jonathan P.,Faber, Sandra M.,Ferguson, Henry C.,Koo, David C.,Primack, Joel R.,Bell, Eric F.,Dekel, Avishai,Gawiser, Er American Astronomical Society 2016 The Astrophysical Journal Vol.832 No.1

<P>Although there has been much progress in understanding how galaxies evolve, we still do not understand how and when they stop forming stars and become quiescent. We address this by applying our galaxy spectral energy distribution models, which incorporate physically motivated star formation histories (SFHs) from cosmological simulations, to a sample of quiescent galaxies at 0.2 < z < 2.1. A total of 845 quiescent galaxies with multi-band photometry spanning rest-frame ultraviolet through near-infrared wavelengths are selected from the Cosmic Assembly Near-IR Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS) data set. We compute median SFHs of these galaxies in bins of stellar mass and redshift. At all redshifts and stellar masses, the median SFHs rise, reach a peak, and then decline to reach quiescence. At high redshift, we find that the rise and decline are fast, as expected, because the universe is young. At low redshift, the duration of these phases depends strongly on stellar mass. Low-mass galaxies (log(M*/M-circle dot) similar to 9.5) grow on average slowly, take a long time to reach their peak of star formation (greater than or similar to 4 Gyr), and then the declining phase is fast (less than or similar to 2 Gyr). Conversely, high-mass galaxies (log(M*/M-circle dot) similar to 11) grow on average fast (less than or similar to 2 Gyr), and, after reaching their peak, decrease the star formation slowly (greater than or similar to 3). These findings are consistent with galaxy stellar mass being a driving factor in determining how evolved galaxies are, with high-mass galaxies being the most evolved at any time (i.e., downsizing). The different durations we observe in the declining phases also suggest that low- and high-mass galaxies experience different quenching mechanisms, which operate on different timescales.</P>