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Agmatine protection against chlorpromazine-induced forebrain cortex injury in rats
Bratislav Dejanovic,Ivana Stevanovic,Milica Ninkovic,Ivana Stojanovic,Irena Lavrnja,Tatjana Radicevic,Milos Pavlovic 대한수의학회 2016 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.17 No.1
This study was conducted to investigate whether agmatine (AGM) provides protection against oxidative stress induced by treatment with chlorpromazine (CPZ) in Wistar rats. In addition, the role of reactive oxygen species and efficiency of antioxidant protection in the brain homogenates of forebrain cortexes prepared 48 h after treatment were investigated. Chlorpromazine was applied intraperitoneally (i.p.) in single dose of 38.7 mg/kg body weight (BW) The second group was treated with both CPZ and AGM (75 mg/kg BW). The control group was treated with 0.9% saline solution in the same manner. All tested compounds were administered i.p. in a single dose. Rats were sacrificed by decapitation 48 h after treatment Treatment with AGM significantly attenuated the oxidative stress parameters and restored antioxidant capacity in the forebrain cortex. The data indicated that i.p. administered AGM exerted antioxidant action in CPZ-treated animals. Moreover, reactive astrocytes and microglia may contribute to secondary nerve-cell damage and participate in the balance of destructive vs. protective actions involved in the pathogenesis after poisoning.
Parameters of Calcium Metabolism Fluctuated during Initiation or Changing of Antipsychotic Drugs
Dragan R. Milovanovic,Marijana Stanojevic Pirkovic,Snezana Zivancevic Simonovic,Milovan Matovic,Slavica Djukic Dejanovic,Slobodan M. Jankovic,Dragan Ravanic,Milan Petronijevic,Dragana Ignjatovic Risti 대한신경정신의학회 2016 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.13 No.1
ObjectiveaaSerum parameters of calcium homeostasis were measured based on previously published evidence linking osteoporotic fractures and/or bone/mineral loss with antipsychotics. MethodsaaProspective, four-week, time-series trial was conducted and study population consisted of patients of both genders, aged 35-85 years, admitted within the routine practice, with acute psychotic symptoms, to whom an antipsychotic drug was either introduced or substituted. Serial measurements of serum calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, osteocalcin and C-telopeptide were made from patient venous blood samples. ResultsaaCalcium serum concentrations significantly decreased from baseline to the fourth week (2.42±0.12 vs. 2.33±0.16 mmol/L, p=0.022, n=25). The mean of all calcemia changes from the baseline was -2.6±5.7% (-24.1 to 7.7) with more decreases than increases (78 vs. 49, p=0.010) and more patents having negative sum of calcemia changes from baseline (n=28) than positive ones (n=10) (p=0.004). There were simultaneous falls of calcium and magnesium from baseline (63/15 vs. 23/26, p<0.001; OR=4.75, 95% CI 2.14–10.51), phosphorous (45/33 vs. 9/40, p<0.001; 6.06, 2.59–14.20) and 25(OH)D concentrations (57/21 vs. 13/35, p<0.001; 7.31, 3.25–16.42), respectively. Calcemia positively correlated with magnesemia, phosphatemia and 25(OH)D values. Parathyroid hormone and C-telopeptide showed only subtle oscillations of their absolute concentrations or changes from baseline; calcitonin and osteocalcin did not change. Adjustment of final calcemia trend (depletion/accumulation) for relevant risk factors, generally, did not change the results. ConclusionaaIn patients with psychotic disorders and several risks for bone metabolism disturbances antipsychotic treatment was associated with the decrease of calcemia and changes in levels of the associated ions.