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      • Factors Influencing Affects and Emotions in 4D Contents

        Wan Sun Shin(신완선),Sung H. Han(한성호),Dawoon Joeng(정다운),Kimin Kwon(권기민) 대한인간공학회 2021 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.11

        This study aims to derive the factors that can influence the affects and emotions of the audience when experiencing 4D contents. The 4D content means the audio-visual content with the 4D effect(s) such as the motion effect of the chair, vibration, wind, water, and scent, and etc. Previous studies found that the affects and emotions of the audience are influenced by the audio-visual contents or the 4D effects. However, it is difficult to find the research studies that have comprehensively explored factors influencing affects and emotions. Three experts in affective engineering were able to list up the factors influencing affects and emotions in 4D contents through brainstorming and literature survey. The factors were then classified and organized by card sorting. Brainstorming was conducted in the order of experiencing stimulus constituting 4D contents, sharing the affective/emotional experience, and discussing the factors influencing affects and emotions. The types of stimulus constituting 4D contents are audio-visual contents, motion effects, and 4D contents with both audio-visual contents and motion effect. All stimuli were extracted from the 4D movie and 4D Ride. The factors influencing affects and emotions were discussed based on the shared affective/emotional experience such as specific types of affects/emotions felt and scenes expressing the affects/emotions. The factors were updated through a literature survey. The research about the affective and emotional effects of design elements of 4D contents was reviewed. The taxonomy of the factors influencing affects and emotions was established by card sorting. The taxonomy includes a total of 67 factors, of which 58 were derived from brainstorming and 9 from literature surveys. The 67 factors in the taxonomy were classified into 5 major categories and 17 subcategories. The five major categories consist of content, expressive, physical, individual, and environmental characteristics. The factors in the content, individual, and environmental characteristics were mainly derived from brainstorming while watching the audio-visual contents. The factors in the expressive and physical characteristics were mainly derived from brainstorming while experiencing motion effects. The factors derived from the literature survey compensate demographic and trait factors in individual characteristic, and facility factors in environmental characteristic. In this study, the design elements of 4D contents that influence affects/emotions were derived and classified through brainstorming, literature survey, and card sorting. It is necessary to investigate the degree of impact of the factors in order to design the 4D content audience’s affective/emotional experience. This study is a basic study on designing the affective/emotional 4D contents with motion effects. The taxonomy of the factors influencing affects and emotions be used to improve the audience’s affective/emotional experiences in 4D contents with motion effects such as movies or games.

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